Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T06:11:27.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development of controlled trials in preventive and therapeutic medicine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 July 2008

Richard Doll
Richard Doll
Affiliation:
ICRF Cancer Studies Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Darwin Lecture
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , July 1991 , pp. 365 - 378
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armitage, P. (1982) The role of randomisation in clinical trials. Statist. Med. 1, 345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chalmers, T. C, Matta, R. J., Smith, H. & Kunzler, A. M. (1977) Evidence favouring the use of anticoagulants in the hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction. New Engl. J. Med. 297, 1091.Google Scholar
Chandler, J. (1662) Oriatrike or Physic Refined, by van Helmont, J. B. (translation). Lodowick Loyd, London. Cited by Debus, A. G. (1968) In: The Chemical Dream of the Renaissance, p. 27. Heffer, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Cochran, W. G. (1954) Some methods for strengthening the common x2 tests. Biometrics, 10, 417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, D. R. (1966) Some procedures connected with the qualitative response curve. In: Festschrift for J. Neyman: Research Papers in Statistics, pp. 55–71. Edited by David, F. N.. Wiley, New York.Google Scholar
Cox, D. R. (1972) Regression models and life-tables. J. Roy. Statist. Soc. B34, 187.Google Scholar
Doll, R. (1982) Clinical trials: retrospect and prospect. Statist. Med. 1, 337.Google Scholar
Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (1988) Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. New Engl. J. Med. 319, 1681.Google Scholar
Editorial (1980) Aspirin after myocardial infarction. Lancet, i, 1172.Google Scholar
Fibiger, J. (1898) Om serumbehandlung af Difteri. Hospitalstidende, 6, 309, 337.Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1926) The arrangement of field experiments. J. Min. Agric. 33, 503.Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1935) The Design of Experiments. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Gehan, E. A. & Freireich, E. J. (1974) Non-randomized controls in cancer clinical trials. New Engl.J. Med. 290, 198.Google Scholar
GISSI (1986) Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet, i, 397.Google Scholar
Hill, A. B. (1937) Principles of Medical Statistics. Lancet, London.Google Scholar
Hill, A. B. (1963) Medical ethics and controlled trials. Br. med. J., 1, 1043.Google Scholar
Hill, A. B. (1990) Memories of the British Streptomycin Trial in Tuberculosis. Controlled clin.Trials, 11, 77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
ISIS-2 Collaborative Group (1988)Randimised trial intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet, ii, 349.Google Scholar
Mantel, N. (1966) Evaluation of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its consideration. Cancer Chemotherapy Rep. 50, 163.Google Scholar
Mantel, N. & Haenszel, W. (1959) Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J. natn. Cancer Inst. 22, 719.Google Scholar
Medical Research Council (1986) Improvement in treatment for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The Medical Research Council UKALL Trials, 1972–84. Lancet, i, 408.Google Scholar
Medical Research Council Streptomycin in Tuberculosis Trials Committee (1948) Streptomycin treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. Br. med. J. 2, 769.Google Scholar
Medical Research Council Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Trials Committee (1952) The treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with isoniazid. Br. med. J. 2, 735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Medical Research Council Whooping-Cough Immunization Committee (1951) The prevention of whooping-cough by vaccination. Br. med. J. 2, 1463.Google Scholar
Passamani, E. R. (1982) Nitroprusside in myocardial infarction. New Engl. J. Med. 306, 1168.Google Scholar
Pearson, K. (1904) Report on certain enteric fever inoculation statistics. Br. med. J. 2, 1243.Google Scholar
Peto, R. & Peto, J. (1972) Asymptomatically efficient rank invariant test procedures (with discussion). J. Roy. statist. Soc. A135, 185.Google Scholar
Peto, R., Pike, M. C., Armitage, P., Breslow, N. E., Cox, D. R., Howard, S. V., Mantel, N., McPherson, K., Peto, J. & Smith, P. G. (1976) Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design. Br. J. Cancer, 34, 585.Google Scholar
Peto, R., Pike, M. C., Armitage, P., Breslow, N. E., Cox, D. R., Howard, S. V., Mantel, N., McPherson, K., Peto, J. & Smith, P. G. (1977) Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. II. Analysis and examples. Br. J. Cancer, 35, 1.Google Scholar
Prichard, B. N. C., Dickinson, D. J., Alleyne, G. A. O., Hurst, P., Hill, I. D., Rosenheim, M. L. & Laurence, D. R. (1963) Effect of pronethalol in angina pectoris. Br. med. J. 2, 1226.Google ScholarPubMed
Quin, C. A., Mason, R. M. & Knowelden, J. (1950) Clinical assessment of rapidly acting agents in rheumatoid arthritis. Br. med. J. 2, 810.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Truelove, S. C. & Witts, L. J. (1955) Cortisone in ulcerative colitis: final report of a therapeutic trial. Br. med. J. 2, 1041.Google Scholar
Wilson, C., Pollock, M. R. & Harris, A. D. (1946) Diet in the treatment of infectious hepatitis. Lancet, i, 881.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yusuf, S., Collins, R. & Peto, R. (1984) Why do we need some large simple randomised trials? Statist. Med. 3, 409.Google Scholar
Yusuf, S., Collins, R., Peto, R., Furberg, C., Stampfers, M. J., Goldhaber, S. Z. & Hennekens, C. H. (1985a) Intravenous and intracoronary fibrinolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction: overview of results on mortality, reinfarction and side effects from 33 randomised controlled trials. Eur. Heart J. 6, 556.Google Scholar
Yusuf, S., Peto, R., Lewis, J., Collins, R. & Sleight, P. (1985b) Beta-blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 27, 335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed