Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T21:41:45.289Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

NORMATIVE DATA FOR IQ, HEIGHT AND HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE FOR CHILDREN IN SAUDI ARABIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2013

ADEL A. BATTERJEE*
Affiliation:
Dar al Thikr Schools for Boys, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
OMAR KHALEEFA
Affiliation:
University of Khartoum, Sudan
KHALIL ASHAER
Affiliation:
Sudan Academy of Science, Khartoum, Sudan
RICHARD LYNN
Affiliation:
University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
*
1Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Summary

Normative data are reported for intelligence, height and head circumference for a sample of 1553 6- to 15-year-olds in Saudi Arabia, and for the correlations between these variables. Intelligence was tested with the Standard Progressive Matrices, on which the Saudi sample obtained a British IQ of 76.2. There were no significant differences in means between boys and girls and differences in variability were inconsistent. The heights of the Saudi sample were generally lower than those of the American norms. The differences in head circumferences between the Saudi children and the American norms were inconsistent. Correlations between IQ and height were weaker than those found in other studies but correlations between IQ and head circumference were positive.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdel-Khalek, A. M. & Lynn, R. (2009) Norms for intelligence in Saudi Arabia assessed by the Standard Progressive Matrices. Mankind Quarterly 50, 106113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahmad, R., Khanum, S. J., Riaz, Z. & Lynn, R. (2008) Gender differences in means and variance on the Standard Progressive Matrices in Pakistan. Mankind Quarterly 49, 5057.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batterjee, A. (2011) Intelligence and education: the Saudi case. Mankind Quarterly LII(2), 133190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broca, P. (1873) Sur les cranes de la caverne de l'Homme Mort (Loere). Revue d'Anthropologie 2, 153.Google Scholar
Deary, I. J., Irwing, P., Der, G. & Bates, T. C. (2007) Brother–sister differences in the g factor in intelligence: analysis of full, opposite-sex siblings from the NLSY 1970. Intelligence 35, 451456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deary, I. J., Whalley, L. J. & Starr, J. M. (2009). A Lifetime of Intelligence. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Ellis, H. (1904). Man and Woman: A Study of Human Secondary Sexual Characteristics. Walter Scott, London.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1981). Intelligence: Battle for the Mind. Pan, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gale, C. (2005) Commentary: height and intelligence. International Journal of Epidemiology 34, 678679.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gale, C. R., O'Callaghan, F. J., Godfrey, K. M., Law, C. M. & Martyn, C. N. (2004) Critical periods of brain growth and cognitive function in children. Brain 127, 321329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Irwing, P. & Lynn, R. (2005) Sex differences in means and variability on the Progressive Matrices in university students: a meta-analysis. British Journal of Psychology 96, 505524.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khaleefa, O., Ali, K. & Lynn, R. (2012) IQ and head circumference in a sample in Sudan. Mankind Quarterly (in press).Google Scholar
Khaleefa, O., Khatib, M. A., Mutwakkil, M. M. & Lynn, R. (2008) Norms and gender differences on the Progressive Matrices in Sudan. Mankind Quarterly 49, 177183.Google Scholar
Khaleefa, O. & Lynn, R. (2008) A study of intelligence in the United Arab Emirates. Mankind Quarterly 49, 5864.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynn, R. (2009) Fluid intelligence but not vocabulary has increased in Britain. Intelligence 37, 249255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynn, R., El-Ghmary Abdalla, S. & Al-Shahomee, A. A. (2009) Intelligence in Libya: norms for the Verbal WISC-R. Mankind Quarterly 49, 292300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynn, R. & Irwing, P. (2004) Sex differences on the Progressive Matrices: a meta-analysis. Intelligence 32, 481498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynn, R. & Jindal, S. (1993) Positive correlations between brain size and intelligence: further evidence from India. Mankind Quarterly 34, 109115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Center for Health Statistics (2000) Height Reference Charts. National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD.Google Scholar
Nellhaus, A. (2010) Head Circumference Reference Charts up to age 18. URL: www.docstoc.com/docs/22379331/Nellhaus-Head-Circumference (accessed 20th June 2011).Google Scholar
Porter, W. T. (1892) The physical basis of precocity and dullness. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 6, 161181.Google Scholar
Raven, J. (1981) Irish and British Standardisations. Oxford Psychologists Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Raven, J., Raven, J. C. & Court, J. H. (2000) Standard Progressive Matrices. Oxford Psychologists Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Rushton, J. P. & Ankney, C. D. (2009) Whole brain circumference and general mental ability: a review. International Journal of Neuroscience 119, 691731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terman, L. M. (1916) The Measurement of Intelligence. Houghton Mifflin, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorndike, E. L. (1910) Educational Psychology. Houghton Mifflin, New York.Google Scholar
Van Pareren, V. K., Duivenvoorden, H. J., Slijper, F. S., Koot, H. M. & Hokken-Koelega, A. C. (2004) Intelligence and psychosocial functioning during long-term growth hormone therapy in children born small for gestational age. Journal of Clinical & Endocrinological Metabolism 89, 295302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vernon, P. A., Wickett, J. C., Bazana, P. G. & Stelmack, R. M. (2000) The neuropsychology and neurophysiology of human intelligence. In Sternberg, R. J. (ed.) Handbook of Intelligence. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
Walker, S. P., Grantham-McGregor, S. M., Powell, C. A. & Chang, S. M. (2000). Effects of growth restriction in early childhood on growth, IQ, and cognition at age 11 to 12 years and the benefits of nutritional supplementation and psychosocial stimulation. Journal of Pediatrics 137, 3641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, D. M., Hammer, L. D. & Duncan, P. M. (1986) Growth and intellectual development. Pediatrics 78, 646650.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed