Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 September 2011
Shortly after the first reports on the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States, it became clear that the disease was also particularly frequent in Haitians living in North America (Pitchenik et at., 1983; Curran et al., 1985) and in Africans seen in Europe for medical care (Katlama et al., 1984; Clumeck et al., 1984). Subsequently, surveys in Haiti and in Central Africa confirmed the occurrence of epidemic foci of AIDS in these areas (Pape et al., 1983; Malebranche et al., 1983; Piot et al., 1984; Van de Perre et al., 1984).