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Northeast Asia Centered Around Korea: Ch'oe Namsŏn's View of History

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

Chizuko T. Allen
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Ch'oe namsŏn (1890–1957) was a leading Korean intellectual during the era of Japanese control (1910–1945). His activities included publishing Korea's first popular modern magazine, pioneering modern poetry in Korean, drafting the Declaration of Independence for the 1919 March First Independence Movement, and publishing numerous articles on Korean culture. He was also a leading Korean historian at a time when Japanese scholars monopolized Korean studies.

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The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 49 , Issue 4 , November 1990 , pp. 787 - 806
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Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1990

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References

List of References

YCNC Yuktang Ch'oe Namsŏn chŏnjip [Complete works of Yuktang, Ch'oe Namsŏn]. Edited by Yuktang chŏnjip p'yŏnch'an wiwōnhoe. 15 Vols. Seoul: Hyŏnamsa, 1973–1975.Google Scholar
Chang, Hao. 1971. Liang Chi-ch'ao and Intellectual Transition in China, 1890–1907. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kyusōl, Cho, and Ch'ŏlhŭi, Pak. 1978. Sijoron [Treatise on sijo]. Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Yongman, Cho. 1964. Yuktang Ch'oe Namsŏn. Seoul: Samjungdang.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1906. “Hŏnsinjŏk chŏngsin” [Devotional spirit]. T'aegukhakpo [Korean student news], nos. 1–2. In Ycnc, 10:256–257.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1917a. Noryŏngnon” [Discussion of effort]. Ch'ŏngch'un [Youth], July. In Ycnc, 10:179–189.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1917b. “San e kagŏra” [Go to the mountain]. Ch'ŏngch'un, September. In Ycnc, 9:160–163.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1922–1923. “Chosŏn yŏksa t'ongsok kanghwa haedae” [Popular lecture on Korean history]. Chugan Tongmyŏng [Eastern light Weekly], September 17, 1922–March 11, 1923. In Ycnc, 2:40–444.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1926a. Paekp'al pŏnnwe. Seoul: Tongmyŏngsa. In Ycnc, 5:445–471.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1926b. “Tan'gunnon” [Treatise on Tan'gun]. Tonga ilbo [East Asia Daily], March 3–July 25. In Ycnc, 2:79–149.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927a. “Amsŏk sungbae rosŏ kŏsŏk munhwa ekkaji” [From stone worship to megalithic culture]. Tonggwang [Eastern light], January. In Ycnc, 9:307–314.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927b. “Fukan bunkaron” [Treatise on pӑrk culture]. Chōsen oyobi Chōsen minzoku [Korea and Koreans], August. Translated into Korean (“Purham munhwaron”) in Ycnc, 2:43–76.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927c. “Nae ga kyŏnghŏmhan cheil t'ongk'wae” [My most thrilling experience]. Pyŏlgŏn'gon [Another world], August 1927. In Ycnc, 10:487.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927d. “Paekt'usan kŏnch'amgi” [A pilgrimage to Mt. Paekt'u]. Seoul: Hansŏng tosŏ. In Ycnc, 5:445–471.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927e. “Salmanégyo ch'agi” [Records on shamanism]. Kyemyŏng [Enlightenment], May. In YCNC, 2:490–518.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927f. “Samguk yusa haedae” [Bibliographical introduction to Samguk yusa]. Kyemyŏng, March 1927. In YCNC, 8:18–43.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1928a. “Minsokhaksang ŭro ponŭn Tan'gun-Wanggŏm” [Tan'gun-Wanggŏm from the viewpoint of folklore]. In YCNC, 2:331–342.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1928b. “Tan'gun kwa samhwang-oje” [Tan'gun and the first emperors of China]. Tonga ilbo, August 1–December 16. In YCNC, 251–330.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1928c. “Tan'gun sinjōn e tŭrŏinnŭn yoksaso” [Historical elements contained in the divine account of Tan'gun]. In YCNC, 2:229–241.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1930. “Ko Chōsen ni okeru seijikihan” [Political norm in Ancient Korea]. Chōsen gakuhō [Korean studies], August. Translated into Korean (“Kochosŏn e issŏsŏŏi chŏngch'i kyubŏm”) in YCNC, 2:350–365.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1941. “Manmong munhwa” [Manchurian-Mongolian culture]. In YCNC, 10:316–403.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1949. “Chayŏlsŏ” [Confession]. Addressed to Panminjok haengwi t'ŏkpyolchosa wiwŏnhoe, February 12, 1949. In YCNC, 10:530–533.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1954. “Chinsil chōngsin” [Spirit of sincerity]. Saebyŏk [Dawn], September. In YCNC, 10:247–251.Google Scholar
Hanmo, Chōng. 1972. “‘T'aebaeksan sijip’ kwa ‘et’ yuudu’” [“T'aebaeksan sijip” and etude]. Munhak sasang ‘Thought of literature], December, pp. 414–430.Google Scholar
Hanmo, Chōng. 1974. Han'guk hyŏndaesi munhaksa [History of modern poetry in Korea]. Seoul: Ilchisa.Google Scholar
Kyŏngsuk, Chŏng. 1982. “Kyegoch'ajon ŭl t'onghae pon Ch'oe Namsōn ūi kodaesaron” [Ch'oe Namsŏn's theory on ancient history seen through “Kyegoch'ajon”]. Kyujanggak 6:161–203.Google Scholar
Elkin, A. P.. 1974. Grafton Elliot Smith: The Man and His Work. Sydney: Sydney University Press.Google Scholar
Kiŏn, Han, Chŏnghak, Kim, Sŏngŭi, Pak, and Chuhwan, O. 1970. Ilche ŭi munhwa ch'imt'alsa [History of invasion and plunder by Japanese imperialism]. Seoul: Minjung sŏgwan.Google Scholar
Takashi, Hatada. 1969. Nihonjin no Chōsenkan [Japanese view of Korea]. Tokyo: Keisōshobō.Google Scholar
Ilsik, Hong. 1964. “Ch'oe Namsŏn yōn'gu” [A study of Ch'oe Namsōn]. M.A. thesis, Korea University.Google Scholar
Ilsik, Hong. 1976. Han'guk chŏnt'ong munhwa siron [A preliminary essay on traditional culture of Korea]. Seoul: Korea University Press.Google Scholar
Isōp, Hong. 1968. Han'guksa ŭi pangbŏp [Methodology of Korean history]. Seoul: T'amgudang.Google Scholar
Ryū, Imanishi. 1910. “Dankun no setsuwa ni tsuite” [On the Tan'gun legend]. Rekishi chiri [History and geography], November.Google Scholar
Iwakichi, Inaba. 1935. Manshū hattatsushi [History of Manchurian development]. Tokyo: Nihon hyōronsha.Google Scholar
Iryōn, . 1956. Samguk yusa [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]. Translated and edited by Pyongdo, Yi. Seoul: Tongguk munhwasa.Google Scholar
Iryōn, . 1972. Samguk yusa. Translated into English by Ha, Taehung and Mintz, Grafton K.. Seoul: Yonsei University Press.Google Scholar
Jun, Ishikawa, ed. 1970. Nihon no meicho 21: Motoori Norinaga [Japanese classics 21: Motoori Norinaga]. Tokyo: Chūōkōronsha.Google Scholar
Chŏnghak, Kim. 1954. “Tan'gun sinhwa wa t'oot'emijŏm” [The Tan'gun myth and totemism]. Yŏksa hakpo [Historical studies news] 7:273–298.Google Scholar
P'albong, Kim. 1960. “Yuktang ŏi si” [Yuktang's poetry]. Hyŏndae munhak [Modern literature], October, pp. 179–181.Google Scholar
Kohn, Hans. 1955. Nationalism: Its Meaning and History. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand.Google Scholar
Akihide, Mishina. 1971. “Purukan kō: Chōsen ni okeru bukkyō to minzoku shinkō” [A study of Purkhan: Buddhism and indigenous belief in Korea]. In Mishina Akihide ronbunshū [Collective works of Mishina Akihide], vol. 3, pp. 177–196. Tokyo: Heibonsha.Google Scholar
Shinji, Nishimura. 1931. Sekai kodai bunkashi [Cultural history of ancient world]. Tokyo: Tokyodō.Google Scholar
Perry, W. J. 1923. The Children of the Sun. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Robinson, Michael E. 1984. “National Identity and the Thought of Sin Ch'aeho: Sadaejuŏi and Chuch'e in History and Politics.” Journal of Korean Studies, 5:121–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kurakichi, Shiratori. 1894. “Chōsen no kodensetsukō” [A study of Korea's ancient legend]. Shigaku zasshi [Journal of history] vol. 5, December, pp. 8–21.Google Scholar
Ch'aeho, Sin. 1972. Tanje Sin Ch'aeho chŏnjip [Complete works of Tanje Sin Ch'aeho]. 2 vols. Seoul: ŏryumunhwasa.Google Scholar
Yongha, Sin. 1980. “Sin Ch'aeho ŏi aeguk kyemongsasang” [Patriotic Enlightenment thought by Sin Ch'aeho]. Han'guk hakpo [Korea's academic news] no. 19 (Summer 1980), pp. 2–56; no. 20 (Fall 1980), pp. 87–123.Google Scholar
Snyder, Louis L. 1954. The Meaning of Nationalism. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Kŏnho, Song. 1984. Han'guk hyŏndae inmulsaron: minjok undong ŭi sasang kwa chidorosŏn [Discussion of modern Korean biographical histories: nationalist movement thoughts and direction of leadership]. Seoul: Han'gilsa, 1984.Google Scholar
Mun'gyobu, Taehan Min'guk. 1982. Kodŭng hakkyo kuksa [Korean history in high school]. Seoul: Taehan kyogwasŏ.Google Scholar
Ryūzō, Torii. 1924. Nihon shūiminzoku no genshi shūkyō [The primitive religions of peoples neighboring Japan]. Tokyo: Shūshoin.Google Scholar
Tsunoda, Ryūsaku, de Bary, Wm. Theodore, and Keene, Donald, eds. 1958. Sources of Japanese Tradition. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Chudong, Yang. 1960. “Yuktang sōnsaeng kwa na” [Yuktang and I]. Hyŏndae munhak, October, pp. 186–190.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1963. “Minjok sahak ŏi munje” [Problems with nationalist history]. Sasanggye [The world of thought], February, pp. 244–251.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1975. Han'guk kodaesaron [Treatises on ancient Korean history]. Seoul: T'amgudang.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1978. Han'guksahak ŏi panghyang [The direction of Korean history]. Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Kwangnin, Yi. 1978. “Korea's Response to Social Darwinism.” Korea Journal, April, pp. 36–47; May, pp. 42–49.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1979. Han'guk kaehwa sasang yon'gu [A study of Korea's enlightenment thought]. Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Pyŏngdo, Yi. 1958. “Saga rosŏ ŭi Yuktang” [Yuktang as a historian]. Sasanggye, February, pp. 24–28.Google Scholar
YCNC Yuktang Ch'oe Namsŏn chŏnjip [Complete works of Yuktang, Ch'oe Namsŏn]. Edited by Yuktang chŏnjip p'yŏnch'an wiwōnhoe. 15 Vols. Seoul: Hyŏnamsa, 1973–1975.Google Scholar
Chang, Hao. 1971. Liang Chi-ch'ao and Intellectual Transition in China, 1890–1907. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kyusōl, Cho, and Ch'ŏlhŭi, Pak. 1978. Sijoron [Treatise on sijo]. Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Yongman, Cho. 1964. Yuktang Ch'oe Namsŏn. Seoul: Samjungdang.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1906. “Hŏnsinjŏk chŏngsin” [Devotional spirit]. T'aegukhakpo [Korean student news], nos. 1–2. In Ycnc, 10:256–257.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1917a. Noryŏngnon” [Discussion of effort]. Ch'ŏngch'un [Youth], July. In Ycnc, 10:179–189.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1917b. “San e kagŏra” [Go to the mountain]. Ch'ŏngch'un, September. In Ycnc, 9:160–163.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1922–1923. “Chosŏn yŏksa t'ongsok kanghwa haedae” [Popular lecture on Korean history]. Chugan Tongmyŏng [Eastern light Weekly], September 17, 1922–March 11, 1923. In Ycnc, 2:40–444.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1926a. Paekp'al pŏnnwe. Seoul: Tongmyŏngsa. In Ycnc, 5:445–471.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1926b. “Tan'gunnon” [Treatise on Tan'gun]. Tonga ilbo [East Asia Daily], March 3–July 25. In Ycnc, 2:79–149.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927a. “Amsŏk sungbae rosŏ kŏsŏk munhwa ekkaji” [From stone worship to megalithic culture]. Tonggwang [Eastern light], January. In Ycnc, 9:307–314.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927b. “Fukan bunkaron” [Treatise on pӑrk culture]. Chōsen oyobi Chōsen minzoku [Korea and Koreans], August. Translated into Korean (“Purham munhwaron”) in Ycnc, 2:43–76.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927c. “Nae ga kyŏnghŏmhan cheil t'ongk'wae” [My most thrilling experience]. Pyŏlgŏn'gon [Another world], August 1927. In Ycnc, 10:487.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927d. “Paekt'usan kŏnch'amgi” [A pilgrimage to Mt. Paekt'u]. Seoul: Hansŏng tosŏ. In Ycnc, 5:445–471.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927e. “Salmanégyo ch'agi” [Records on shamanism]. Kyemyŏng [Enlightenment], May. In YCNC, 2:490–518.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1927f. “Samguk yusa haedae” [Bibliographical introduction to Samguk yusa]. Kyemyŏng, March 1927. In YCNC, 8:18–43.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1928a. “Minsokhaksang ŭro ponŭn Tan'gun-Wanggŏm” [Tan'gun-Wanggŏm from the viewpoint of folklore]. In YCNC, 2:331–342.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1928b. “Tan'gun kwa samhwang-oje” [Tan'gun and the first emperors of China]. Tonga ilbo, August 1–December 16. In YCNC, 251–330.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1928c. “Tan'gun sinjōn e tŭrŏinnŭn yoksaso” [Historical elements contained in the divine account of Tan'gun]. In YCNC, 2:229–241.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1930. “Ko Chōsen ni okeru seijikihan” [Political norm in Ancient Korea]. Chōsen gakuhō [Korean studies], August. Translated into Korean (“Kochosŏn e issŏsŏŏi chŏngch'i kyubŏm”) in YCNC, 2:350–365.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1941. “Manmong munhwa” [Manchurian-Mongolian culture]. In YCNC, 10:316–403.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1949. “Chayŏlsŏ” [Confession]. Addressed to Panminjok haengwi t'ŏkpyolchosa wiwŏnhoe, February 12, 1949. In YCNC, 10:530–533.Google Scholar
Namsōn, Ch'oe. 1954. “Chinsil chōngsin” [Spirit of sincerity]. Saebyŏk [Dawn], September. In YCNC, 10:247–251.Google Scholar
Hanmo, Chōng. 1972. “‘T'aebaeksan sijip’ kwa ‘et’ yuudu’” [“T'aebaeksan sijip” and etude]. Munhak sasang ‘Thought of literature], December, pp. 414–430.Google Scholar
Hanmo, Chōng. 1974. Han'guk hyŏndaesi munhaksa [History of modern poetry in Korea]. Seoul: Ilchisa.Google Scholar
Kyŏngsuk, Chŏng. 1982. “Kyegoch'ajon ŭl t'onghae pon Ch'oe Namsōn ūi kodaesaron” [Ch'oe Namsŏn's theory on ancient history seen through “Kyegoch'ajon”]. Kyujanggak 6:161–203.Google Scholar
Elkin, A. P.. 1974. Grafton Elliot Smith: The Man and His Work. Sydney: Sydney University Press.Google Scholar
Kiŏn, Han, Chŏnghak, Kim, Sŏngŭi, Pak, and Chuhwan, O. 1970. Ilche ŭi munhwa ch'imt'alsa [History of invasion and plunder by Japanese imperialism]. Seoul: Minjung sŏgwan.Google Scholar
Takashi, Hatada. 1969. Nihonjin no Chōsenkan [Japanese view of Korea]. Tokyo: Keisōshobō.Google Scholar
Ilsik, Hong. 1964. “Ch'oe Namsŏn yōn'gu” [A study of Ch'oe Namsōn]. M.A. thesis, Korea University.Google Scholar
Ilsik, Hong. 1976. Han'guk chŏnt'ong munhwa siron [A preliminary essay on traditional culture of Korea]. Seoul: Korea University Press.Google Scholar
Isōp, Hong. 1968. Han'guksa ŭi pangbŏp [Methodology of Korean history]. Seoul: T'amgudang.Google Scholar
Ryū, Imanishi. 1910. “Dankun no setsuwa ni tsuite” [On the Tan'gun legend]. Rekishi chiri [History and geography], November.Google Scholar
Iwakichi, Inaba. 1935. Manshū hattatsushi [History of Manchurian development]. Tokyo: Nihon hyōronsha.Google Scholar
Iryōn, . 1956. Samguk yusa [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]. Translated and edited by Pyongdo, Yi. Seoul: Tongguk munhwasa.Google Scholar
Iryōn, . 1972. Samguk yusa. Translated into English by Ha, Taehung and Mintz, Grafton K.. Seoul: Yonsei University Press.Google Scholar
Jun, Ishikawa, ed. 1970. Nihon no meicho 21: Motoori Norinaga [Japanese classics 21: Motoori Norinaga]. Tokyo: Chūōkōronsha.Google Scholar
Chŏnghak, Kim. 1954. “Tan'gun sinhwa wa t'oot'emijŏm” [The Tan'gun myth and totemism]. Yŏksa hakpo [Historical studies news] 7:273–298.Google Scholar
P'albong, Kim. 1960. “Yuktang ŏi si” [Yuktang's poetry]. Hyŏndae munhak [Modern literature], October, pp. 179–181.Google Scholar
Kohn, Hans. 1955. Nationalism: Its Meaning and History. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand.Google Scholar
Akihide, Mishina. 1971. “Purukan kō: Chōsen ni okeru bukkyō to minzoku shinkō” [A study of Purkhan: Buddhism and indigenous belief in Korea]. In Mishina Akihide ronbunshū [Collective works of Mishina Akihide], vol. 3, pp. 177–196. Tokyo: Heibonsha.Google Scholar
Shinji, Nishimura. 1931. Sekai kodai bunkashi [Cultural history of ancient world]. Tokyo: Tokyodō.Google Scholar
Perry, W. J. 1923. The Children of the Sun. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Robinson, Michael E. 1984. “National Identity and the Thought of Sin Ch'aeho: Sadaejuŏi and Chuch'e in History and Politics.” Journal of Korean Studies, 5:121–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kurakichi, Shiratori. 1894. “Chōsen no kodensetsukō” [A study of Korea's ancient legend]. Shigaku zasshi [Journal of history] vol. 5, December, pp. 8–21.Google Scholar
Ch'aeho, Sin. 1972. Tanje Sin Ch'aeho chŏnjip [Complete works of Tanje Sin Ch'aeho]. 2 vols. Seoul: ŏryumunhwasa.Google Scholar
Yongha, Sin. 1980. “Sin Ch'aeho ŏi aeguk kyemongsasang” [Patriotic Enlightenment thought by Sin Ch'aeho]. Han'guk hakpo [Korea's academic news] no. 19 (Summer 1980), pp. 2–56; no. 20 (Fall 1980), pp. 87–123.Google Scholar
Snyder, Louis L. 1954. The Meaning of Nationalism. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Kŏnho, Song. 1984. Han'guk hyŏndae inmulsaron: minjok undong ŭi sasang kwa chidorosŏn [Discussion of modern Korean biographical histories: nationalist movement thoughts and direction of leadership]. Seoul: Han'gilsa, 1984.Google Scholar
Mun'gyobu, Taehan Min'guk. 1982. Kodŭng hakkyo kuksa [Korean history in high school]. Seoul: Taehan kyogwasŏ.Google Scholar
Ryūzō, Torii. 1924. Nihon shūiminzoku no genshi shūkyō [The primitive religions of peoples neighboring Japan]. Tokyo: Shūshoin.Google Scholar
Tsunoda, Ryūsaku, de Bary, Wm. Theodore, and Keene, Donald, eds. 1958. Sources of Japanese Tradition. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Chudong, Yang. 1960. “Yuktang sōnsaeng kwa na” [Yuktang and I]. Hyŏndae munhak, October, pp. 186–190.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1963. “Minjok sahak ŏi munje” [Problems with nationalist history]. Sasanggye [The world of thought], February, pp. 244–251.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1975. Han'guk kodaesaron [Treatises on ancient Korean history]. Seoul: T'amgudang.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1978. Han'guksahak ŏi panghyang [The direction of Korean history]. Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Kwangnin, Yi. 1978. “Korea's Response to Social Darwinism.” Korea Journal, April, pp. 36–47; May, pp. 42–49.Google Scholar
Kibaek, Yi. 1979. Han'guk kaehwa sasang yon'gu [A study of Korea's enlightenment thought]. Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Pyŏngdo, Yi. 1958. “Saga rosŏ ŭi Yuktang” [Yuktang as a historian]. Sasanggye, February, pp. 24–28.Google Scholar