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Defining Manhood: Monastic Masculinity and Effeminacy in Contemporary Thai Buddhism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2021

Michael R. Chladek Open the ORCID record for Michael R. Chladek [Opens in a new window]
Michael R. Chladek*
Affiliation:
Michael R. Chladek ([email protected]) is an independent scholar and completed his PhD at the University of Chicago in the Department of Comparative Human Development.
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Abstract

The study of Theravada Buddhism and gender has often focused on the relationship between men's and women's roles, particularly their differing ability to become fully ordained monks. Yet in Thailand, as in many parts of the world, gender is more complicated than the binary of just men and women. Scholars have noted that what it means to be a man in Thailand is often defined in terms of not being effeminate, gay, or transgender. Drawing on Thai news stories, social media comments, and ethnographic research, I explore how monastic masculinity—the way in which what it means to be an ideal monk informs notions of being an ideal man—is constructed through the assertion that effeminate gay or kathoei (transgender) individuals cannot and should not be ordained. Taking into account such broader social constructions of gender and sexuality is important to better understand the relationship between masculinity and Buddhist monasticism.

Keywords

ethnographygendermasculinitymonasticismsexualitySoutheast AsiaThailandTheravada Buddhism
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 80 , Issue 4 , November 2021 , pp. 975 - 995
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Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2021

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