Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T22:40:48.833Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Death and the Emperor: Mishima, Ōe, and the Politics of Betrayal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

Susan J. Napier
Get access

Extract

In japan in the late 1980s, a society that is arguably one of the most modern, pragmatic, and materialist in the world, the problem of the emperor system initially seems almost irrelevant. And yet the imperial house continues to excite controversy and concern, as is clear in the full-scale media coverage given to an imperial visit or an imperial illness, and this controversy is on a far deeper and more divisive level than would be the case for such ostensible equivalents as the British royal family. The reasons behind this excitement are both obvious and problematic: the emperor is of course tied to the war and the whole complex of emotions that middle-aged Japanese feel toward it, but on a broader level the imperial house is also tied to modern Japanese history as a whole and thus to the conception that Japanese have of themselves in the postwar period.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , February 1989 , pp. 71 - 89
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Chiba, Nobutada. 1971. “Okurete kita seinen ni tsuite” [Concerning The Youth Who Came Late]. Kokubungaku 7:98–102.Google Scholar
Doi, Takeo. 1978. The Anatomy of Dependence. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar
Fukushima, Akira. 1974. “Ōe bungaku no shinteki kōzo” [The psychological structure of Ōe's literature]. Yuriika 3:107–25.Google Scholar
Harootunian, H. D. 1987. “The Ideology of Cultural ‘Totalism’ in Mishima: The Economy of Expenditure and Loss.” Unpublished paper given at the University of Indiana.Google Scholar
Hashikawa, Bunzō. 1974. “Nakamasha no me” [The Eyes of the comrades]. In Hihyō to kenkyū: Mishima Yukio [Criticism and research: Mishima Yukio], ed. Masahiko, Shirokawa, 132–45. Tokyo: Haga Shoten.Google Scholar
Hashikawa, Bunzō and Takehiko, Noguchi. 1976. “Dōjidai to shite no Shōwa” [Showa as the contemporary period]. Yuriika 8:123–43.Google Scholar
Hirano, Ken. 1966. Supplement to Ōe Kenzaburō zenshakuhin [The collected works of Oe Kenzaburo], vol. 4. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Ichimura, Shin'ichi and jun, Etō. 1987. “Tennō” [Emperor], Shokun [Gentlemen] 12:26–39.Google Scholar
Kataoka, Keiji. 1973. Ōe Kenzaburō ron [A discussion of Ōe Kenzaburō]. Tokyo: Rippu Shobō.Google Scholar
Kawanishi, Masaaki. 1979. Ōe Kenzaburō ron: Misei no yume [A discussion of Ōe Kenzaburō: The unfinished dream]. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar
Matsubara, Shin'ichi. 1967. Ōe Kenzaburō no sekai [The world of Oe Kenzaburō]. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, Toru. 1976. “Mishima Yukio ni okeru erochizumu” [Eroticism in Mishima Yukio]. Kokubungaku [Japanese literature] 2:23–29.Google Scholar
Matsuzaki, Haruo. 1981. Demokuratto no bungaku [Democrats' literature]. Tokyo: Shin Nihon Shuppansha.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1966. “Patriotism.” Trans. Sargent, Geoffrey W.. In Death in Midsummer, 93–118. New York: New Directions.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1969. Mishima Yukio vs. Tōdai Zenkyōto [Mishima Yukio and the Tokyo University United Front], Tokyo: Shinshōsha.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1972. Spring Snow. Trans. Gallagher, Michael. Tokyo: Tuttle Books.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1973. Runaway Horses. Trans. Gallagher, Edward. New York: Pocket Books.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1975a. After the Banquet. Trans. Keene, Donald. New York: Berkley Medallion Books.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1975b. Decay of the Angel. Trans. Seidensticker, Edward. New York: Pocket Books.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1975c. The Sailor Who Fell from Grace with the Sea. Trans. Nathan, John. New York: Berkley Medallion Books.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1976a. “Gendai sakka wa kaku kangaeru” [Modern writers are thinking thus]. In Mishima Yukio zenshū [Collected works of Mishima Yukio], vol. 1. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1976b. “Shūmatsukan kara no shuppatsu: Shōwa nijū jigazō” [Departure from eschatology: A double portrait of Shōwa]. In Mishima Yukio zenshū [The collected works of Mishima Yukio], 27:48–50. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1979a. Kyōko no ie [Kyoko's house]. Tokyo: Shinchō Bunko.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1979b. “Waga tomo Hitora” [My friend Hitler]. In Sado kōshaku fujin / Waga tomo Hitora [Mme de Sade / My friend Hitler]. Tokyo: Shinchō Bunko.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1981a. Confessions of a Mask. Trans. Weatherby, Meredith. Tokyo: Tuttle Books.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1981b. “Eirei no koe” [The voices of the hero spirits]. In F 104, 31–93. Tokyo: Kawade Bunko.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1981c. “Suzakke ie no metsubō” [The fall of the house of Suzaku]. In F 104, 99–195. Tokyo: Kawade Bunko.Google Scholar
Mishima, Yukio. 1981d. Temple of the Golden Pavilion. Trans. Morris, Ivan. Tokyo: Tuttle Books.Google Scholar
Miyoshi, Masao. 1974. Accomplices of Silence. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Miyoshi, Yukio, Takehiko, Noguchi, TŌru, Matsumoto, and Teruhiko, Tsuge. 1981. “Mishima Yukio no sakuhin o yomu” [Reading the works of Mishima Yukio]. Kokubungaku [Japanese literature] 7:6–37.Google Scholar
Nathan, John. 1977. “Introduction.” In Ōe Kenzaburō, Teach Us to Outgrow Our Madness, lx–xxv. New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Nathan, John. 1981. Mishima: A Biography. Tokyo: Tuttle Books.Google Scholar
Noguchi, Takehiko. 1968. Mishima Yukio no sekai [ The world of Mishima Yukio]. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar
Ochiai, Kiyohiko. 1978. “Erochizumu” [Eroticism]. Kokubungaku [Japanese Literature] 10:71–78.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1961. “Seiji shōnen shisu” [Death of a political youth]. Bungakkai [World of literature] 1:8–48.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1963. Warera no jidai [Our era]. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1966a. Memushiri kouchi [ Pluck the buds, shoot the kids]. In Ōe Kenzaburō zensakuhin [The collected works of Ōe Kenzaburō], vol. 1. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Ōe, kenzaburō. 1966b. Okurete kita seinen [The youth who came late]. In Ōe Kenzaburō zensakuhin [The collected works of Ōe Kenzaburō], vol. 4. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Ōe, kenzaburō. 1966c. “Sebunchin” [Seventeen]. In Ōe Kenzaburō zensakuhin [The collected works of Ōe Kenzaburō], vol. 3. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Ōe, kenzaburō. 1967. The Silent Cry. Trans. Bester, John. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar
Ōe, kenzaburō. 1977. “The Day He Himself Shall Wipe My Tears Away.” Trans. Nathan, John. In Teach Us to Outgrow Our Madness, 3–110. New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1979a. Dōjidai gēmu [The game of contemporaneity]. Tokyo: Shinchōsha.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1979b. A Personal Matter. Trans. Nathan, John. Tokyo: Tuttle Books.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1980. “Boku jisshin no naka no sensō” [The war inside myself]. In Ōe Kenzaburō dōjidai ronshū [Ōe Kenzaburō's collected, contemporary criticism] 1:46– 59. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1981a. “Shishatachi no saishūteki na vijion to warera ikinobitsuzukeru mono” [The final vision of the dead and we who go on living]. In Ōe Kenzaburō dōjidai ronshū [Ōe Kenzaburō's collected contemporary criticism] 6:198–248.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1981b. “Tero wa utsukushiku ronriteki ka” [Is terror beautiful and logical?]. In Ōe Kenzaburō dōjidai ronshū [Ōe Kenzaburō's collected contemporary criticism] 3:259–63. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Ōe, Kenzaburō. 1982. Kaku no taika to ningen no koe [Nuclear holocaust and human voices]. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Peterson, Gwen Boardman. 1979. The Moon in the Water: Understanding Tanizaki, Kawabata, and Mishima. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sasaki, Yoshioka. 1976. “Aru hazu no nai zettai e” [Toward an absolute that cannot exist]. Eureka 8:170–74.Google Scholar
Shinohara, Shigeru. 1974. Ōe Kenzaburō ron [A discussion of Ōe Kenzaburō]. Tokyo: Tōhō.Google Scholar
Suleiman, Susan. 1983. Authoritarian Fictions: The Ideological Novel as a Literary Genre. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Tanaka, Miyoko. 1980. “Mishima bungaku no kenkyūshi” [A history of research on Mishima]. Kokubungaku [Japanese literature] 3:205–13.Google Scholar
Titus, David. 1980. “The Making of the Symbol Emperor System in Postwar Japan.” Modern Asian Studies 14:529–78.Google Scholar
Wakamori, Tarō. 1973. Tennōsei no rekishi shinri [The historical psychology of the emperor system]. Tokyo: Kōbundō.Google Scholar
Wilson, Michiko. 1986. The Marginal World of Ōe Kenzaburō. New York: M. E. Sharpe.Google Scholar
Yamada, YūSaku. 1983. “Dōjidai gēmu” [The game of contemporaneity]. Kokubungaku [Japanese literature] 6:111–14.Google Scholar
Yamaguchi, Masao and Naoki, Inose. 1987. Mikado to seikimatsu [The Mikado and the fin de siècle]. Tokyo: Heibonsha.Google Scholar
Yamanouchi, Hisaaki. 1980. The Search for Authenticity in Modern Japanese Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar