Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T16:42:07.913Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Another “People of India” Project: Colonial and National Anthropology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2010

Get access

Extract

In a bookstore in delhi, a salesman, apprised of my interest in lower-caste politics, handed me a tome about the officially listed Dalit, or untouchable, groups, The Scheduled Castes (Singh 1995). The first thing to strike me was the cover, a glossy photograph of a presumably Scheduled Caste woman with her back against a tall stone wall, surrounded by her four grubby kids. She is beaming. The second thing to strike me was the title of this new series, of which this was the second volume. The series, by the central government's Anthropological Survey of India, was called the People of India, a name that had been used for several rather notorious colonial ethnographic projects. Intrigued, I began to examine this most recent avatar of the People of India.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Aijazuddin, Ahmad. 1995. National Capital Territory of Delhi. Vol. 3 of Muslims in India: Their Educational, Demographic, and Socio-Economic Status with Comparative Indicators for Hindus, Sikhs, Christians, and Other Communities, Based on a Singular and Systematic Field Survey, 1990–1993. New Delhi: Inter-India Publications.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. D. {1913} 1982. The Peoples of India. Delhi: Bimla Publishing House.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. 1993. “Number in the Colonial Imagination.” In Orientalism and the Post-Colonial Predicament, Edited by Breckenridge, Carol A. and Veer, Peter van der. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Basu, Mahade B Prasad. 1990. “A Short Note on the Portrait Building System.” Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India 39(1):113–16.Google Scholar
Bates, Crispin. 1995. “Race, Caste, and Tribe in Central India: The Early Origins of Indian Anthropometry.” In The Concept of Race in South Asia, Edited by Robb, Peter. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bayly, Susan. 1995. “Caste and ‘Race’ in the Colonial Ethnography of India.” In The Concept of Race in South Asia, Edited by Robb, Peter. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bayly, Susan. 1999. Caste, Society, and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). 1998. “Manifesto: Our Cultural Identity.” Accessed 16 September 2003 at bjp.org/manifes/chap2.htm.Google Scholar
Buxton, Leonar D Halford Dudley. 1925. The Peoples of Asia. London: K. Paul, Trench, and Trubner; New York: A. A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Caroll, Lucy. 1978. “Colonial Perceptions of Indian Society and the Emergence of Caste(s) Associations.” Journal of Asian Studies 37(2):233–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Anthon Y P. 1994. Self Consciousness: An Alternative Anthropology of Identity. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cohn, Bernard. 1987. An Anthropologist Among the Historians. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cohn, Bernard. 1996. Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Dalit Voice. 1996. Bangalore.Google Scholar
Debnath, Biswanath. 1999Crisis of Indian Anthropology.” Economic and Political Weekly 34(44):3110–14.Google Scholar
Deccan Herald. 1996. Bangalore.Google Scholar
chene, Des, mary. 1999. “Military Ethnology in British India.” South Asia Research 19(2):121–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dirks, Nicholas. 1992. “Castes of Mind.” Representations 37(winter):5678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dirks, Nicholas. 1997. “The Policing of Tradition: Colonialism and Anthropology in Southern India.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 39(1):182212.Google Scholar
fernandez-Armesto, Felipe. 1995. Millennium: A History of Our Last Thousand Years. London: Black Swan.Google Scholar
Galanter, Marc. 1984. Competing Equalities: Law and the Backward Classes in India Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gladney, Dru. 1996. Muslim Chinese: Ethnic Nationalism in the Peopleapos;s Republic Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Government Of India, Planning Commission. 19972002. “Ninth Five-Year Plan.” Vol. 2. New Delhi. Accessed 14 September 2003 at planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/index9.html.Google Scholar
Guha, Sumit. 1998. “Lower Strata, Older Races, and Aboriginal Peoples: Racial Anthropology and Mythical History Past and Present.” Journal of Asian Studies 57(2):423–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guha, Sumit. 1999 Environment and Ethnicity in India, 1200–1991 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inden, Ronald. 1990. Imagining India. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
India Missions Association. 1995. Let My People Go: Scheduled Caste People Profiles. Madras: India Missions Association.Google Scholar
Indian Express. 1990. New Delhi.Google Scholar
Irschick, Eugene. 1994. Dialogue and History: Constructing South India, 1795–1895 Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaffrelot, Christophe. 2000. “The Rise of Other Backward Classes in the Hindi Belt.” Journal of Asian Studies 59(1):86108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jalali, Rita. 1993. “Preferential Policies and the Movement of the Disadvantaged: The Case of the Scheduled Castes in India.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 16(1):95120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, Laura Dudley. 1998. “Preferential Policies for Disadvantaged Ethnic Groups: Employment and Education.” In Ethnic Diversity and Public Policy: A Comparative Inquiry, Edited by Young, M. Crawford. London: Macmillan Press.Google Scholar
Jenkins, Laura Dudley. 1999. “Competing Inequalities: The Struggle Over Reserved Legislative Seats for Women in India.” International Review of Social History 44: 5375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, Laura Dudley. 2001. “Becoming Backward: Preferential Policies and Religious Minorities in India.” Commonwealth and Comparative Politics 39(2):3250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, Laura Dudley. 2003. Identity and Identification in India: Defining the Disadvantaged. London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keyes, Charles. 2002. “Presidential Address: ‘The Peoples of Asia’-Science and Politics in the Classification of Ethnic Groups in Thailand, China, and Vietnam.” Journal of Asian Studies 61(4): 11631203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khilnani, Sunil. 1997. The Idea of India. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
Knott, Kim. 1998. Hinduism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kothari, Rajni. 1968. “The Tasks Within.” Seminar 112: 1419.Google Scholar
Lee, Sharo N M. 1993. “Racial Classification in the U.S. Census: 1890–1990.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 16(1):7494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Major, Andrew. 1999. “State and Criminal Tribes in Colonial Punjab: Surveillance, Control, and Reclamation of the ‘Dangerous Classes.’” Modern Asian Studies 33(3):657–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mandal Commission. 1991. Reservations for Backward Classes: Mandal Commission Report of the Backward Classes Commission, 1980, along with Introduction. Delhi: Akalank Publications.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Thomas R. 1995. Ideologies of the Raj. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minor, David. 1982. “Anthropology as Administrative Tool: The Use of Anthropology by the War Relocation Authority.” Master's thesis, North Texas State University.Google Scholar
Moerman, Michael. 1965. “Ethnic Identification in a Complex Civilization: Who are the Lue?American Anthropologist 67(5):1215–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Coordination Committee For Sc Christians. 1995. “Cobbler Constitution Confusion.” Pamphlet.Google Scholar
Oriental And India Office Collections. British Library, London.Google Scholar
Pandey, Gyanendra. 1992. The Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pant, Rashmi. 1987. “The Cognitive Status of Caste in Colonial Ethnography: A Review of Some Literature on the North West Provinces and Oudh.” Indian Economic and Social History Review 24(2): 145–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parikh, Sunita. 1997. The Politics of Preference: Democratic Institutions and Affirmative Action in the United States and India. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parikh, Sunita. 1998. “Religion, Reservations, and Riots: The Politics of Ethnic Violence in India.” In Community Conflict and the State in India, Edited by Basu, Amrita, and Kohli, Atul. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pels, Peter, and Salemink, Oscar, eds. 1999. Colonial Subjects: Essays on the Practical History of Anthropology. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinney, Christopher. 1994. “Castes of Thousands.” Times Higher Education Supplement, 2 September, 22.Google Scholar
Prakash, Gyan. 1992. “Science ‘Gone Native’ in Colonial India.” Representations 40(fall):153–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pratt, Mary Louise. 1992. Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 1866. April.Google Scholar
Quigley, Declan. 1993. The Interpretation of Caste. Oxford: Clarendon.Google Scholar
Raheja, G. G. 1996. “Caste, Colonialism, and the Speech of the Colonized: Entextualization and Disciplinary Control in India.” American Ethnologist 23(3):494513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Randall, Vicky, and Theobald, Robin. 1998. Political Change and Underdevelopment. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, Anupama. 2000. “Note on Nomenclature.” Typescript.Google Scholar
Rao, Narasimha. 1993. “The Prime Ministerapos;s Remarks on the Occasion of the Release of the Book, People ofIndia: An Introduction, Published by Anthropological Survey of India, at 9:30 a.m. on 22 September, 1992 at Prime Ministerapos;s Residence, New Delhi.” Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India 42:17Google Scholar
Risley, Sir Herbert. 1915. The People of India. Calcutta, Simla, and London: Thacker and Spink.Google Scholar
Risley, Sir Herbert. 1969. The People of India. Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation.Google Scholar
Roy, Beth. 1994. Some Trouble with Cows. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, Srirupa. 1999. “Instituting Diversity: Official Nationalism in Post-Independence India.” South Asia 22(1):79100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, Lloyd I., and Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber. 1967. The Modernity of Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Sarkar, R. M. 1992. Review of People of India: An Introduction, by K. S. Singh. Man in India 72(3):365–70.Google Scholar
Scott, James C. 1998. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Searle-Chatterjee, Mary. 1996. Review of The Scheduled Castes, vol. 2 of People of India: National Series, by K. S. Singh. Ethnic and Racial Studies 19(3):733–34.Google Scholar
Searle-Chatterjee, Mary, and Sharma, U., eds. 1994. Contextualizing Caste: Post-Dumontian Approaches. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Shourie, Arun. 1999- “Body-counts Have Become Big, Compelling Business.” India Connect. Accessed 7 September 2003 at www.ofbjp.org/news/0399/ 0034.html.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1985. Tribal Society in India. New Delhi: Manohar.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1987. “The People of India: A National Project: Its Perspectives and Prospects.” Man in India 63(3):232–49.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1990. “A Report on the Release of Quantitative Data on People of India by Honorable Minister of Human Resource Development Shri Arjun Singh on 24 December 1991.“ Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India 39: 100108.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1992. An Introduction. Vol. 1 of People of India: National Series. Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1994. The Scheduled Tribes. Vol. 3 of People of India: National Series. Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India; Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1995. The Scheduled Castes. Vol. 2 of People of India: National Series. 2d ed.Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India; Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 1998. Indiaapos;s Communities. Vols. 4–6 of People of India: National Series. Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India; Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 2000. “A Perspective on the ASI.” Seminar 495: 4044.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S. 2002. Introduction. Vol. 1 of People of India: National Series. Rev. ed.Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India; New Delhi, Oxford, and New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, K. S., Bhalla, V. and Kaul, V.. 1994. The Biological Variations in Indian Populations. Vol. 10 of People of India: National Series. Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India; Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Singh, Yogendra. 1968. “Sociological Issues.” Seminar 112:2529.Google Scholar
“Social Sciences.” 1972. Seminar 157.Google Scholar
Srivastava, Vinay Kumar. 1999The Future of Anthropology.” Economic and Political Weekly 34(9): 545–52.Google Scholar
Statesman. 1990. Calcutta.Google Scholar
Stocking, George W. 1982. Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Sundar, Nandini, Deshpande, Satish and Uberoi, Patricia. 2000. “Indian Anthropology and Sociology: Towards a History.” Economic and Political Weekly 35(24):19982002.Google Scholar
Tapp, Nicholas. 2002. “In Defence of the Archaic: A Reconsideration of the 1950s Ethnic Classification Project in China.” Asian Ethnicity 3(1):6284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uberoi, Patricia. 2000. “Deja Vu?” Seminar 495:1419.Google Scholar
“Usha Abhil Asha: An Exhibition of Folk, Tribal, and Traditional Paintings and Sculptures.” 1996. Organized by the Department of Culture, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, and the Zonal Cultural Centers. On exhibit 24 March-7 April, at Lalit Kala Academi Gallery, Rabindra Bhavan, Copernicus Marg, New Delhi. Program.Google Scholar
Van Bremen, JAN, and Shimizu, Akitoshi, eds. 1999. Anthropology and Colonialism in Asia and Oceania. London: Curzon.Google Scholar
Watson, Joh N Forbes, and Kaye, John William. 18681875. The People ofIndia: A Series of Photographic Illustrations. 8 vols. London: India Office Library.Google Scholar
“Why North India?” 1997. AD2000 and Beyond Movement website. Accessed 16 September 2003 at www.ad2000.org/uters2.htmGoogle Scholar
Young, Crawford. 1985. “Ethnicity and the Colonial and Post-Colonial State in Africa.” In Ethnic Groups and the State, Edited by Brass, Paul. London: Croom Helm.Google Scholar
Young, Crawford. 1994a. The African Colonial State in Comparative Perspective. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Young, Crawford. 1994b. “In Search of Civil Society.” In Civil Society and the State in Africa, Edited by Harbeson, John, , Donald Rothchild, and Chazan, Naomi. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Reinner.Google Scholar
Zelliot, Eleanor. 1996. From Untouchable to Dalit. New Delhi: Manohar.Google Scholar