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The Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway Loan of 1908

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

E-tu Zen Sun
E-tu Zen Sun
Affiliation:
Goucher College
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Extract

Among the railway concessions obtained by Britain from the Chinese government during the battle for concessions in 1898 was one covering a line that would branch off from the Shanghai-Nanking Railway (another British concession) at Soochow, run southwestward to Hangchow, at the head of the Ch'ien-t'ang estuary, and turn southeastward to terminate at the treaty port of Ningpo. Traversing the coastal areas of Kiangsu and Chekiang provinces, a fertile and well-populated region, the economic possibilities of this railway had been long recognized by the British. After an unsuccessful attempt to make it an Anglo-German enterprise in 1897-98, the concession was granted to the British and Chinese Corporation, a British syndicate formed that year by the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation and Jardine, Matheson and Company for the furtherance of British railway interest in China. The line was to be financed and constructed by the corporation under the nominal ownership of the Chinese Imperial Railway Administration.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 10 , Issue 2 , February 1951 , pp. 136 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1951

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References

1 Ch'ing-chi wai-chiao shih-liao (hereafter CCWCSL; Documents on the history of foreign relations in late Ch'ing dynasty)a (Peiping, 1932-33), Kuang-hsü, chüan 189:24, Foreign Ministry quoting Sir Ernest Satow; London times, Oct. 20, 1898, carries news of the agreement, but no exact date of signature is given.

2 Hsüan-huai, Sheng, ts'unkao, Yü-chai (The collected papers of Sheng Hsiian-huai)b, n.p., cir. 1930, “Telegrams,” chüan 10:5, Sheng to Bureau of Railways and Mines, Sept. 20, 1898.Google Scholar

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5 MacMurray, 1:404, article 25.

6 CCWCSL, KH, 126:25, Governor Liao of Chekiang to Tsungli Yamen, July 26, 1897.

7 Ibid., ch. 196, Sheng's memorial on the history of the negotiations for the Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway, March 20, 1906.

8 Sheng, “Telegrams,” 43:5, Board of Commerce to Sheng, Sept. 8, 1904.

9 Ibid., 43:6, Sheng to Board of Commerce, Sept. 10, 1904.

10 Tung-hua hsü-lu (hereafter THHL; Tung-hua documents continued).e (Shanghai, 1909), 201:4, memorial, Board of Commerce, July 4, 1906; Ta-ch'ing li-ch'ao shih-lu (hereafter TCLCSL; Records of the reigns of the Ch'ing dynasty)f (Tokyo, 1937), Kuang-hsü, 547:13.

11 THHL, 203:19, memorial of Governor Chang Tsengt'ig of Chekiang, Jan. 10, 1907.

12 12 TCLCSL, KH, 548:16; CCWCSL, KH, 196:6, quoted in Sheng's memorial, March 20, 1906.

13 Sheng, “Telegrams,” 45:26, Sheng to Governor Nieh Chi-kueih of Chekiang, Oct. 5, 1905.

14 Ibid., 45:27, Sheng to the Foreign Ministry and Board of Commerce, Oct. 8, 1905.

15 THHL, 210:4, Memorial, Foreign Ministry, Oct. 20, 1907.

16 For the three following paragraphs: CCWCSL, KH, 196:6-8 and Sheng's memorial of March 20, 1906.

17 THHL, 210:4-5, memorial, Foreign Ministry, Oct. 20, 1907; Parliamentary debates, 4th scr., 163:863-64, Sir Edward Grey's answer to question, Oct. 30, 1906.

18 THHL, 201:4, memorial, Board of Commerce, July 4, 1906.

19 Ibid., 205:11-12, memorial, Board of Posts, April 30, 1907.

20 Ibid., 208:7-8, memorial, Board of Posts, Aug. 21, 1907.

21 E. S. Little, “Trend in Chinese policy,” North China herald (March 2, 1906), 474-76; MSS. The Rockhill papers, Harvard University, Satow to Rockhill, Nov. 4, 1905; Sir John N. Jordan, “Some Chinese I have known,” The nineteenth century (Dec. 1920), 947.

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23 This fact comes out frequently in memorials of government boards, e.g., THHL, 201:4, memorial, Board of Commerce, July 4, 1906; see also note 30.

24 As told in THHL, 211:11-12, memorial, Foreign Ministry, Nov. 29, 1907.

25 Ibid., 210:4-5, memorial, Foreign Ministry, Oct. 20, 1907.

26 Ibid., 210:5.

27 Ibid., edict to the grand councilors, Oct. 20, 1907.

28 Ibid.,

29 CCWCSL, KH, 206:13-15, letter of Oct. 24, 1907.

30 TCLCSL, KH, 580:9, memorials, Chu Fu-hsien, scholar of National Academy, and Hsü Ting-chao, provincial censor, Nov. 2, 1907; 581:15, memorials, Chu Fu-hsien, Nov. 29, 1907; 581:7, memorial, ex-grand councilor Wang Wen-shao, Dec. 12, 1907; THHL, 211:3, memorial, Hsü Ting-chao, Nov. 9, 1907.

31 Li Chien-nung, Chung-kuo chin-painien cheng-chih shih (Political history of China in the past 100 years)l (Shanghai. 1947). 1:265.

32 THHL, 211:1, edict to the grand councilors, Nov. 7, 1907.

33 THHL, 211:10-11, memorial, Foreign Ministry in answer to the Chekiang officials, Nov. 29, 1907.

34 Ibid., 211:11.

35 Ibid., 211:11-12.

36 TCLCSL, KH, 582:6, edict to grand councilors, Dec. 11, 1907.

37 Sheng, “Memorials,” 14:6-7, Dec. 1907.

38 Ibid., 14:7, imperial rescript, Dec. 15, 1907.

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40 Ibid., 50:4, Tuan-fang to Sheng, Jan. 10, 1908.

41 Ibid., 50:6, Tuan-fang to Sheng, Jan. 16, 1908.

42 Ibid., 50:4, 6, Tuan-fang's telegram of Jan. 10.

43 CCWCSL, KH, 211:4, memorial, Foreign Ministry, March 6, 1908.

44 Ibid., 211:11; MacMurray, 1:707; THHL, 214:11, imperial rescript, March 6, 1908.

45 MacMurray, 1:706, article 14; CCWCSL, KH, 211:5.

46 MacMurray, 1:705, article 13.

47 Ibid., 1:704, article 9; A. G. Coons, The foreign public debt of China (Philadelphia, 1930), 32.

48 MacMurray, 1:707, article 18.

49 Ibid., 1:702, article 2.

50 Sheng, “Memorials,” ch. 16, memorial in conjunction with Vice-President Wu Yu-sheng of the Board of Posts on the condition of government railways, Feb. 1911.

51 MacMurray, 1:711-16, note to #1908/3.

52 Parl. deb., 4th ser., 185:1304, Sir Edward Grey's answer to question from Mitchell Thomson, March 10, 1908.

53 Ibid., new ser., 10:2132, McKinnon Wood's answer to question from Grinnell, Sept. 15, 1909.

54 Pelcovits, Nathan, Old China hands and the Foreign Office (New York, 1948), chap. 9, esp. 282–94.Google Scholar

55 Ibid., 288.

56 Gooch, G. P. and Temperley, H., British documents on the origins of the war, 4:114, no. 105 and 115, no. 106.Google Scholar

57 Pelcovits, 293.

58 THHL, 211:11-12, quoted in Foreign Ministry's memorial, Nov. 29, 1907.

59 Lin, Cheng, Chinese railways past and present (Shanghai, 1937), 47–48Google Scholar 90, 111; Yung-seen, Chao, Les chemins de fer chinois; (Paris, 1938Google Scholar), 48; Chia-ao, Chang, China's struggle for railway development (New York, 1943), 40, 98.Google Scholar