Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T20:42:43.374Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dai Li and the Liu Geqing Affair: Heroism in the Chinese Secret Service During the War of Resistance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

Wen-Hsin Yeh
Get access

Extract

The nationalist military intelligence service has long been a controversial topic in the history of the Chinese Republic (1912–49). This organization, known as the Military Bureau of Statistics and Investigation (Junshi Weiyuanhui Tongji Diaocha Ju, or Juntong), first impinged on civilian society in the 1930s, when it carried out violent deeds against urban-based intellectuals critical of the Nationalist party's rule. Newspaper writers and editors subsequently compared Juntong to the infamous Eastern Depot and Embroidered Guards of the despotic Ming emperors, denouncing the “feudal” and “fascist” nature of Nationalist rule in political tracts and assemblies. During the Pacific War the image of Juntong's chief, General Dai Li (1897–1946), was blackened when he was compared to the Nazi Heinrich Himmler by the Western press. In the bitter and protracted civil struggles between the Chinese Communist party (CCP) and the Guomindang (GMD) after 1941, the Communists focused sharply on the atrocities committed by Juntong and portrayed Dai Li as a monstrous instrument of Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorship.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , August 1989 , pp. 545 - 562
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Boorman, Howard L., ed. 1979. Biographical Dictionary of Republican China. 5 vols. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Boyle, John Hunter. 1972. China and Japan at War, 1937–1945: The Politics of Collaboration. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Chang, Maria Hsia. 1985. The Chinese Blue Shirt Society: Fascism and Developmental Nationalism. Berkeley: University of California, Berkeley, Institute of East Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Gongshu, Chen. 1981. Beiguo chujian: Yingxiong wuming diyibu [Weeding the evil in the North: Anonymous hero, part 1]. Taibei: Zhuanji Wenxue Chuban She.Google Scholar
Gongshu, Chen. 1984. Shanghai kangri dihou xingdong [Fighting the Japanese behind enemy lines in Shanghai]. Taibei: Zhuanji Wenxue Chuban She.Google Scholar
Wenyi, Deng. 1979. Congjun baoguo ji [Record of a military life in the service of the nation]. Taibei: Zhengzhong Shuju.Google Scholar
Yuanzhong, Deng. 1984. Sanmin zhuyi lixing she shi [History of the Vigorous Practice Society of the Three Principles of the People]. Taibei: Shijian Chuban She.Google Scholar
Dynqj, . See Guofang Bu Qingbao Ju, ed. 1979.Google Scholar
Eastman, Lloyd E. 1974. The Abortive Revolution: China under Nationalist Rule, 1927–1937. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Fitzgerald, John. 1986. “Continuity Within Discontinuity: The Case of Water Margin Mythology.” Modern China 12, no. 3: 361–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guoxun, Gan. 1979. “Guanyu suowei ‘Fuxing she’ de zhenshi qingkuang” [Some facts about the ‘Renaissance Society’]. Zhuanji wenxue 35, no. 3: 32–38; 35, no. 4:68–73; 35, no. 5:81–86.Google Scholar
Seng, Gu. 1975. Dai hi jiangjun yu kangri zhanzheng [General Dai Li and the anti-Japanese War of Resistance]. Taibei: Huaxin Chuban Youxian Gongsi.Google Scholar
Ju, Guofang Bu Qingbao, ed. 1970. Zhongmei hezuo suo zhi [History of Sino-American cooperative organization]. Taibei: Guofang Bu Qingbao Ju.Google Scholar
Ju, Guofang Bu Qingbao. 1979. Dai Yunong xiansheng quanji [The complete collection of Mr. Dai Yunong]. 2 vols. Taibei: Guofang Bu Qingbao Ju. Cited as DYNQJ.Google Scholar
Yoshitane, Haruke. 1983. “Wo suo zhidao de qishiliu hao.” [No. 76 as I knew it]. Shulin, no. 4:45–48.Google Scholar
Jiqing, Huang et al. N.d. Dai Li jiangjun ji qi shilue [General Dai Li and his enterprises]. Nanjing: Saodang Congkan She.Google Scholar
Meizhen, Huang and Yun, Zhang, eds. 1984. Wang Jingwei guomin zhengfu chengli [The founding of Wang Jingwei's Nationalist government]. 2 vols. Shanghai: Renmin Chuban She.Google Scholar
JGZJ. See Zhongguo Guomindang Zhongyang Weiyuan Hui, Dangshi Weiyuan Hui, ed. 1984.Google Scholar
Yongjing, Jiang, ed. 1981. Beifa shiqi de zhengzhi shiliao: Yijiuerqi nian de Zhongguo [Historical sources concerning political events during the Northern Expedition: China in 1927]. Taibei: Zhengzhong Shuju.Google Scholar
Xiongbai, Jin. 1965. Wang zhengquan shimo ji [Wang Jingwei regime from start to finish]. 2 vols. Hong Kong: Chunqiu Zazhi She.Google Scholar
Llangxlong, , ed. 1979. Dai Li zhuan [A biography of Dai Li]. 2 vols. Taibei: Dunhuang Shuju.Google Scholar
Link, Perry. 1981. Mandarin Ducks and Butterflies: Popular Fiction in Early Twentieth-Century Chinese Cities. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Linz, Juan J. 1987. “An Authoritarian Regime: Spain.” In Mass Politics: Studies in Political Sociology, ed. Eric, Allard and Stein, Rokkan. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Gong, Liu. 1962. “Wo suo zhidao de Zhongtong [The Bureau of Statistics and Investigation of the Nationalist Central Committee that I knew].” Wenshi ziliao xuanji, no. 36:59–117.Google Scholar
Peichu, Liu. 1968. Fusheng lueying ji [Fleeting images from a floating life]. Taibei: Zhengzhong Shuju.Google Scholar
Guangbin, Luo and Yiyan, Yang. 1961. Hongyan [Red crag]. Beijing: Renmin Chuban She.Google Scholar
Guanzhong, Luo. 1970. Sanguo yanyi [A romance of the three kingdoms]. Hong Kong: Zhonghua Shuju.Google Scholar
Dun, Mao. [1941] 1981. Fushi [Corrosion]. Chengdu: Sichuan Renmin Chuban She. First serialized in Dazhong shenghuo, May 17—September 27, Hong Kong.Google Scholar
Yasuichi, Masui. 1977. Kankan saiban shi [History of the trial of Chinese collaborators]. Tokyo: Misuzu Shobo.Google Scholar
Zhen, Meng. 1986. “Zhongtong diandi” [Bits and pieces about Zhongtong]. Jiushi niandai, July, pp. 87–88.Google Scholar
Sheng, Pingjiang Buxiao. 1923. Jianghu qixia zhuan [Legendary roving knights of the rivers and lakes]. Shanghai: Shijie Shuju.Google Scholar
Jiacai, Qiao. 1973. “Dai Li xiansheng de renqing wei” [The human touch of Dai Li]. Zhongwei zazhi 13, no. 1:13–23; no. 3:31–35.Google Scholar
Jiacai, Qiao. 1981a. Dai Li jiangjun he ta de tongzhi [General Dai Li and his comrades]. 2 vols. Taibei: Zhongwai Tushu Chuban She.Google Scholar
Jiacai, Qiao. 1981b. Haoran ji [The noble and imperishable]. 4 vols. Taibei: Zhongwai Tushu Chuban She.Google Scholar
Zui, Shen. 1980. “Wo suo zhidao de Dai Li” [The Dai Li that I know]. In Dai Li qiren [Dai Li, the man], ed. Zui, Shen and Qiang, Wen. Beijing: Wenshi Ziliao Chuban She.Google Scholar
Zui, Shen. 1983. Dalu shenghuo sanshi nian [Thirty years of living on the mainland]. 2 vols. Hong Kong: Jingbao Wenhua Qiye Youxian Gongsi.Google Scholar
Jiheng, Shu. 1984. “Guomindang Juntong ju zai Tianjin de huodong gaikuang [Nationalist Military Bureau of Statistics and Investigation's activities in Tianjin].” Tianjin wenshi ziliao xuanji, no. 26:169–76.Google Scholar
Qian, Sima. N.d. Shiji [Record of the historian]. Reprinted. Hong Kong: Zhonghua Shuju.Google Scholar
Juyin, Tao. 1979. Gudao jianwen: Kangri zhanzheng shiqi de Shanghai [Seeings and hearings on an isolated island: Shanghai during the War of Resistance]. Shanghai: Renmin Chuban She.Google Scholar
Daming, Wei. 1981a. “Pingshu Dai Yunong xiansheng de shigong” [Dai Li's career and accomplishment: Commentaries and accounts]. Part 1. Zhuanji wenxue 38, no. 2:40–45.Google Scholar
Daming, Wei. 1981b. “Pingshu Dai Yunong xiansheng de shigong” [Dai Li's career and accomplishment: Commentaries and accounts]. Part 2. Zhuanji wenxue 38, no. 3:47–54.Google Scholar
Qiang, Wen. 1980. “Dai Li qiren” [Dai Li, the man]. In Dai Li qiren [Dai Li, the man], ed. Zui, Shen and Qiang, Wen. Beijing: Wenshi Ziliao Chuban She.Google Scholar
Jungu, Zhang. 1969. “Dai Li de gushi” [Stories about Dai Li]. Zhuanji wenxue 14, no. 1:8–19.Google Scholar
Jiahong, Zheng, ed. N.d. Wangni tegong zongbu neimu [Inside the headquarters of the secret service of Wang Jingwei]. Guilin: Guofang Shudian.Google Scholar
Hui, Zhongguo Guomindang Zhongyang Weiyuan, Weiyuanhui, Dangshi, ed. 1984. Xian zongtong Jianggong sixiang yanlun zongji [Complete collection of the ideas, speeches, and writings of the late President Chiang Kai-shek]. Taibei: Zhongguo Guomindang Zhongyang Weiyuan Hui Dangshi Weiyuanhui. Cited as JGZJ.Google Scholar