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China Expands Its Courtesy: Saying “Hello” to Strangers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2008

Mary S. Erbaugh
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Abstract

Courtesy reveals fundamental judgments about who merits respect. Traditional Chinese courtesy rests on lifelong hierarchical bonds that are too clear to require constant verbal reinforcement. But strangers, women, peasants, migrant workers, and others often do not merit face work because they lack status, fall outside the network of insiders, or are politically taboo. Until very recently, European-style equivalents of “hello,” “please,” “thanks,” “sorry,” or “goodbye” existed only in impersonal-sounding translations restricted to brief contacts with foreigners. As Beijing steps back from the socialist revolution, it is promoting these “five courteous phrases” (ni hao, qing, dui bu qi, xiexie, zai jian) to expand courtesy to universal, reciprocal greetings. Popular acceptance of this “verbal hygiene” is spreading via rapid, urban service encounters in which one's connections are unknown. In this way, China's self-identity as an “advanced civilization” is being retooled in international terms.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 67 , Issue 2 , May 2008 , pp. 621 - 652
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2008

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