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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 January 2009
The legal Opinion of eminent English Counsel on the legal nexus of the Australian Anglican colonial dioceses to their Mother Church in England was delivered on 20 June 1911. It provoked a decade of debate in diocesan, provincial and national synods that revealed how leading Australian Anglicans identified themselves before and after World War One. Great diversity appears among the responses of bishops, clergy and laity. Both enthusiasm for change and wariness of it were confined to no one region or diocese. Lay understandings and participation in these debates, along with churchmanship anxieties and long traditions of colonial diocesan independence, were among important factors that governed the Australian Anglicans' long march towards constitutional autonomy in 1962. Lambeth archives, printed Synod Reports, Australian secular and religious press reports are quarried to reconstruct these images of a diverse and uncertain pre-1921 Australian Anglican identity.
1. These debates have been examined in broader context by Davis, John, Australian Anglicans and their Constitution (Canberra: Acorn Press, 1993)Google Scholar, especially in ch. 2. Ruth Frappell's ‘Imperial Fervour and Anglican Loyalty, 1901–29’, ch. 4 in Kaye, B. (ed.), Anglicanism in Australia (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2002), summarizes it (pp. 89–90)Google Scholar. More helpful to this article was ch. 13 of Kidd, A.P.'s unpublished PhD University of Queensland dissertation on ‘The Brisbane Episcopate of St Clair Donaldson, 1904–1921’Google Scholar, which excellently delineates Donaldson's role and its ecclesial context. This article will examine more fully what these debates reveal about Australian Anglicanism.
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12. Undated MSS notes, Davidson Papers, Vol. 236, pp. 165–67.Google Scholar
13. Dated 15 April 1912. The two eminent Australian counsel were Adrian Knox and J. Musgrave Harvey. Texts of the Case and the two Opinions were published in General Synod Report 1916, Appendix 1, pp. 57–86.Google Scholar
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26. These Brisbane Diocesan Synod debates are reported in the Brisbane Courier, 5 06 1912, pp. 5–6Google Scholar; 6 June, pp. 7–8; and 7 June, pp. 7–8.
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34. The Presidential Address was reported in The Age, 1 10 1912, p. 8.Google Scholar
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37. Reported in The Church Standard, 27 09 1912, p. 11.Google Scholar
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41. Their debate on the Nexus is reported in The Church Standard, 13 09 1912, p. 12.Google Scholar
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47. Those who met in General Synod in October 1915 considered themselves ‘only a fragment of the whole synod’ and effectively transacted no major business. General Synod Report 1915, pp. 14–15.Google Scholar
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50. St Clair Donaldson, however, though born in London, was the third son of Sir Stuart Alexander Donaldson, who had been NSW Premier; and his mother had been born Amelia Cowper.
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54. Brisbane Anglican Church Congress Report 1913, pp. 126–36Google Scholar. R.J. Lucas was a politician and member of the Tasmanian Synod.
55. See, for example, Davidson, to Donaldson, , 5 08 1912Google Scholar, Davidson Papers, Vol. 176, pp. 98–09.Google Scholar
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