1. Closing Statement, p. 19.Google Scholar

2. Anglican Communion Observer at the United Nations (hereinafter AOUN), ‘About the Office’, http://www.aco.org/un/aboutus.htm.

3. Interview of Taimalelagi Fagamalama Tuatagaloa-Leota by Donovan, Mary Sudman, 24 03 2006, p. 1Google Scholar. (All interviews listed in these footnotes were conducted by Mary Sudman Donovan.)

4. See IAWN reports for 2000–2004 listed at: http://www.iawn.org/sitemap.htm.

5. IAWN, Report to Anglican Consultative Council on Women 2000: Beijing+5, 02–03 2000 Meeting, at: http://www.iawn.org/beijing-1.htm.Google Scholar

6. Loweth had attended some of the 2002 UNCSW meeting, largely because of a chance meeting with Archdeacon Tai while in New York and was also convinced of the necessity of an Anglican presence (Interview with Loweth, E., 31 10 2006).Google Scholar

7. Christie, Marge, ‘A Perspective’, 1 05 2005, http://www.episcopal-life.org/26724_61521_ENG_Print.html.Google Scholar

8. The group first used the name Anglican Women's Network, then used several other names as recorded in the minutes of its meetings: Anglican Women's Working Group (September 2003), Anglican Working Group (October 2003), Anglican Observer's Commission on the UNCSW (November 2003), Anglican Planning Committee for the 40th UNCSW (April 2004), ACC UNCSW (July 2005), Anglican Women's Empowerment Task Force (September 2004), Anglican Women's Empowerment Task Team (October 2004), Anglican Women's Empowerment Team (December 2004), Anglican Women's Empowerment (May 2005).

9. The acronyms stand for: NGO–non-governmental organization; CEDAW–Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women; UNFPA–United Nations Population Fund; ECOSOC–Economic and Social Council; MDG–Millennium Development Goal.

10. Interview with Sisk, Karen, 19 05 2006.Google Scholar

11. Anglican Women's Working Group, Minutes, 11 September 2003. The statement was refined several times over the years. Its present form is available at http://www.episcopalchurch.org/documents/UNCSW_AWE_brochure2006.pdf.

12. Resolution 12/11, Anglican Consultative Council, 15–26 09 2002, http://www.aco.org/acc/meetings/acc12/resolutions.cfm.Google Scholar

13. Provincial representatives were: Canada: the Revd Sonia Hinds-Walters, Elizabeth Loweth, the Revd Alice Medcof; Uganda: Jolly Babirukamu, Sarah Kasule; Zimbabwe: Ruth Bakare; South Africa: the Revd Dr Beverly Haddad, the Revd Michelle Walker; Egypt: Clair Malik; Kenya: Nema Aluku, Maragret Auma Osadho; Papua New Guinea: Rita Semeni; North India: Jyotsna Rani Patro; Philippines: Soledad Longid; Aotearoa/New Zealand and Polynesia: Dr Jennifer Plane Te Paa; United States: Marge Christie, the Revd Emily Morales (AOUN, Report on the Participation of Anglicans at the 48th Session of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, 1–12 March 2004, Appendix C).

14. IAWN, Report to Joint Standing Committee, 2004, Appendix A, http://www.iawn.org/jscreport2003.htm.

15. The relationship with the Mothers' Union was complicated. Since most, but not all, Anglican provinces had Mothers' Unions, the Mothers' Union had developed a strong international organization of its own. But since it did not operate in all Anglican provinces, it was not accepted by the ACC as the representative voice of Anglican women. Indeed, it had no official standing with the ACC. As a large international organization of women, it had obtained NGO status but had generally sent only one or two staff members to the UNCSW consultations. The AWE planners recognized early on how important it was to have the Mothers' Union involved and worked hard to enlist their participation. Mothers' Union representatives were initially suspicious that their international prerogatives were being usurped but gradually recognized the wisdom of developing a more representative body (AWE, Notes, 5 November 2003, 3 December 2003; Mothers' Union, Social Policy Toolkit, Section 5.4, http://www.themothersunion.org/policy_diy.aspx).

16. At the 2004, 2005 and 2006 UNCSW meetings, a delegation of women from the US Episcopal Church attended along with the international Anglican delegation. The two groups sometimes met together and women from both groups generally attended the public functions planned to spotlight the work of the international visitors. Though the program followed by the US delegates was also extensive, I have regarded it as outside the purview of this paper and hence only mentioned it peripherally.

17. Interview with Griswold, Phoebe, p. 6.Google Scholar

18. Diss, Mary Beth, ‘Designed for Peacemaking: Jane Williams addresses Anglican Women in New York’, Episcopal News Service, 12 03 2004.Google Scholar

19. Population Services International and the International Center for Research on Women are private, non-profit agencies working worldwide to address problems of low-income and vulnerable populations. http://www.psi.org/, http://www.icrw.org/.

20. Interviews with Babirukamu, Jolly (Uganda), p. 1Google Scholar, Malik, Clair (Jerusalem and the Middle East), 28 02 2006, p. 1.Google Scholar

21. Interview with Malick, Clair, 27 02 2006, pp. 3–4.Google Scholar

22. Nunley, Jan, ‘Anglican Women Witness to Communion's Strength at UN Meeting’, Anglican/Episcopal World (Easter 2004), pp. 22–25Google Scholar; Statement from the Anglican Consultative Council delegates' gathering at the 48th Session of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, 16 March 2004, Anglican Communion News Service, 3801; AOUN Report, 2004, Appendix N and P.

23. Minutes from the Anglican Planning Committee for the 49th UNCSW, 14 April 2004, 12 May 2004.

24. AOUN, Report on the Participation of Anglicans at the 49th Session of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, 2005, Section 3.1.

25. AOUN, Report, 2005, Section 3.5.

26. AOUN, Report, 2005, Section 2.4, and Appendix 8; Anglican Women's Empowerment, 2005 Actual Income/Expense Spreadsheet.

27. Interviews with Clair Malik, Ann Skamp, and Phoebe Griswold; AOUN, Report, 2005, Section 8.1.

28. AOUN, Report, 2005, Section 4.1.1.

29. Interview of Skamp, Ann (Australia), 27 02 2006, p. 6.Google Scholar

30. Anglican Consultative Council's delegation to the 49th Session of the UNCSW, Closing Statement, 9 March 2005, AOUN, Report, 2005, Appendix S; Anglican/Episcopal World (Easter, 2005), pp. 14–17.Google Scholar

31. Interview of Amable, Philippa (Ghana), 1 03 2006.Google Scholar

32. The women at both meetings were: Jolly Babirukamu (Uganda), Joyce Ngoda (Tanzania), Pauline Sathiamurthy (South India), Wong Fung-Yi (Hong Kong), and Philippa Amable (West Africa). UNCSW Provincial Delegates Bios 2005, Appendix H, AOUN, Report 2005; List of Attendees, Anglican Consultative Council Nottingham Meeting, http://www.anglicancommunion.org/acc/meetings/acc13/participants.cfm.

33. ‘For Such a Time as Now’, DVD produced by Zipp, Jane, Greenwich Film Associates, 2005.Google Scholar

34. Resolution 13/31, ACC, 2005. The relevant passage from the resolution reads: The Anglican Consultative Council acknowledges the MDG goal for equal representation of women in decision making at all levels, and so requests: i) the Standing Committee to identify ways in which this goal may appropriately be adapted for incorporation into the structures of the Instruments of Unity, and other bodies to which the Anglican Consultative Council nominates or appoints, ii) all member churches to work towards the realisation of this goal in their own structures of governance, and in other bodies to which they nominate or appoint, and to report on progress to ACC-14. http://www.aco.org/acc/meetings/acc13/resolutions.cfm#s31.

35. Interview with Dowdle, Cynthia (England), 27 02 2006, p. 2.Google Scholar

36. Resolution 13/10, ACC 2005. Interview with Babirukamu, Jolly, 28 02 2006, p. 3.Google Scholar

37. Interview with Skamp, Ann, 27 02 2006, p. 2.Google Scholar

38. Interview with Suri, Ethel Mary Laufanua (Melanesia) 27 02 2006, p. 3.Google Scholar

39. Interview with Amable, Philippa (West Africa), 27 02 2006, p. 1.Google Scholar

40. Interview with Babirukamu, Jolly, 28 02 2006, p. 7.Google Scholar

41. The meeting was funded with grants from Anglican Global Relations, the Office of Women's Ministries of the Episcopal Church, and Episcopal Relief and Development. Interview with Babirukamu, Jolly, p. 7.Google Scholar

42. O'Neal, Yvonne, ‘Anglican Delegation to the UNCSW Empowering African Anglican women’, http://www.episcopalchurch.org/32862_60401_ENG_Print.html.Google Scholar

43. United Thank Offering, 2005 Grants, 06 2005.Google Scholar

44. The Sister Fund, Mission Statement, 2006. http://www.sisterfund.org/index.php.

45. List of ACC–UNCSW Delegates, AOUN, 03 2006.Google Scholar

46. Interview with Griswold, Phoebe, 15 03 2006, p. 1.Google Scholar

47. The number was reached by adding the women who attended the 2005 ACC Meeting in Nottingham and the women bishops at the Lambeth Conference in 1998. As of January 2007, there are 17 women bishops in the Anglican Church–13 in the United States, 3 in Canada and 1 in New Zealand–one of whom, Katharine Jefferts Schori, is now the US Primate. The ACC members are: Archdeacon Kay Goldsworthy (Australia), Miss Joyce Muhindo Tsongo (Congo), Canon Elizabeth Paver (England), Ms Fung Yi Wong (Hong Kong), Miss Kate Turner (Ireland), Jane Mutoni (Rwanda), Dr Pauline Sathiamurthy (South India), The Revd Janet Trisk (Southern Africa), Ms Nomfundo Walaza (Southern Africa), Mrs Joyce Ngoda (Tanzania), Mrs Jolly Babirukamu (Uganda), Miss Sylvia Scarf (Wales), Mrs Philippa Amable (West Africa), Ms Maria Cristina Borges Alvare (Cuba), Ms Candace Payne (West Indies), Bishop Susan Moxley (Canada), Ms Suzanne Lawson (Canada), Bishop Catherine S. Roskam (United States), Ms Josephine Hicks (United States). ACC networks, other than IAWN, include more women but still far from 50 percent. The numbers are: International Anglican Family Network–6 women and 6 men; Network for Inter Faith Concerns–2 women and 7 men; HIV/AIDS Network–2 women and 12 men; Peace and Justice Network–16 women and 25 men; and Colleges and Universities of the Anglican Communion–2 women and 9 men. See lists for each network on http://www.anglicancommunion.org/.

48. Interview with Breyer, Chloe (United States), p. 2Google Scholar; Interview with Sathiamurthy, Pauline (South India), p. 8, 27 02 2006.Google Scholar

49. Transcript of the panel is available at http://www.episcopalchurch.org/3577_72657_ENG_HTM.htm.

50. Phoebe Griswold's address at UNCSW forum, 5 March 2006. http://www.episcopalchurch.org/3577_72659_ENG_HTM.htm.

51. Angela King's address (read in her absence by Barbara O'Sullivan from Jamaica) at UNCSW Forum, http://www.episcopalchurch.org/32862_72660_ENG_Print.html.

52. ACC delegates to the UNCSW to Kearon, Kenneth, 1 03 2006.Google Scholar

53. Other members of the Provincial Committee are: Philippa Amable (West Africa), Lisbeth Barahona (Central America), Joyce Kariuki (Kenya), Clair Malik (Jerusalem and the Middle East), Pauline Sathiamurthy (South India), Marigold Seager-Berry (England). For a description of its operation, see Interview of Clair Malik by MSD, 27 02 2006, pp. 3–4.Google Scholar

54. Other members of the IAWN Steering Group are: Lisbeth Barahona (Central America), Eperanza Beleo (The Philippines), Joyce Kariuki (Kenya), Helena Mbele-Mbong (USA), Alice Medcof (Canada), Meagan Morrison (Australia), and Charmian Paterson (Mothers' Union), and ex-officio members: Jolly Babirukamu (ACC Standing Committee), Archdeacon Taimalelagi Fagamalama Tuatagaloa-Leota (Anglican UN Observer) and Margaret Rose (Director of Women's Ministries for the Episcopal Church, USA).

55. International Anglican Women's Network, Addendum to February 10 Statement to ACC Standing Committee, 03 2006. See website at http://www.iawn.org/AWN-CAN.htm.Google Scholar

56. Interview with Babirukamu, Jolly, 28 02 2006, p. 3.Google Scholar

57. Interview with Skamp, Ann, 27 02 2006, p. 5.Google Scholar

58. Report to Anglican Women's Empowerment from the Provincial Committee (working with AWE), 26 April 2006.

59. ‘Anglican Delegation to the UNCSW; AWE New York Convenes for Planning’, 9 05 2006, http://www.episcopalchurch.org/41685_74634_ENG_HTM.htm.Google Scholar

60. ‘Ugandan Woman Appointed Anglican Communion Observer at the United Nations’, 3 10 2006, http://www.aco.org/un/ugandan_woman.html.Google Scholar

61. I don't want to imply that the transformation of the IAWN was instantaneous; it had been moving in this direction ever since Alice Medcof became the Coordinator in 2003. Her vision of linking Anglican women worldwide through provincial pages on the IAWN website remains central to its work. But by taking control of the committees, the 2006 provincial delegates assumed responsibility to continue the work. See Medcof, Alice, ‘Report to Joint Standing Committee, 2004, at http://www.iawn.org/jscreport2003.htm.Google Scholar

62. Interview with Skamp, Ann, 27 02 2006, p. 2.Google Scholar

63. Interview with Wong, Fung Yi, 28 02 2006, p. 7.Google Scholar

64. Interview with Suri, Ethel Laufanua, 27 02 2006, p. 2.Google Scholar

65. Griswold, to Anglican delegates, 27 02 2006.Google Scholar

66. Interview with Skamp, Ann, 27 02 2006, p. 9.Google Scholar

67. AOUN, Report, 2005Google Scholar. Statements in Appendix Q and T. Similar statements appear in the 2004 report.

68. Interview with Malik, Clair, 27 02 2006, p. 2.Google Scholar

69. Interview with Sathiamurthy, Pauline, 27 02 2006, p. 3.Google Scholar

70. Anglican Women's Empowerment, Grant Proposal to the Sister Fund, 02 2006, p. 2.Google Scholar

71. Quoted in Griswold, Phoebe to Callaway, James Jr, 20 07 2005.Google Scholar

72. Sister Fund Proposal, p. 5, Appendix 5.Google Scholar

73. Griswold, to Callaway, , 20 07 2005.Google Scholar

74. Interview with Babirukamu, Jolly, 28 02, 2006, pp. 5, 10.Google Scholar

75. Interview with Sathiamurthy, Pauline, 27 02 2006, p. 5.Google Scholar

76. Interview with Kigeme, Claudette, 27 02 2006, p. 4.Google Scholar

77. Interview with Julie, Priscilla, 27 02 2006, p. 5.Google Scholar