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Chance, Time and Silence: the New American Verse

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2009

Jonathan Raban
Affiliation:
University of East Anglia

Extract

The post-Pound, post-Carlos Williams movement in American verse, represented by such poets as Charles Olson, Robert Creeley, Robert Duncan and Ed Dorn, has for the most part been received with a deadly critical hush, particularly in England. Apart from the timely special issue of Ian Hamilton's Review in 1964 on Black Mountain Poetry, together with some discreet championing by Eric Mottram and Donald Davie, attention to the New Verse has been largely confined to the off-campus underground scene. The Black Mountaineers are generally thought to be the exclusive province of the Fulcrum Press, Calder and Boyars, the International Times and a tiny circulating broadsheet published from Cambridge called The English Intelligencer. But this critical neglect is, I think, a symptom of a genuine distress in literature departments of universities about the nature of contemporary verse. On the one hand, we have acquired a sophisticated terminology for discussing most of the verbal objects we have learned to call poems: this terminology entails certain assumptions about the working of language itself–that, for instance, the semantic value of an utterance is housed entirely in the words that compose that utterance, that language is a collection of multiply-suggestive symbols, that the operation of language is rational, logical and continuous. On the other hand, we have been recently confronted with a body of verse which either defies, or comes off very badly from, our conventional terminology. Its most striking features have been a metrical, syntactical and logical discontinuity; an insistence that language works, not symbologically, but phenomenologically, as a happening in time and space; that the silence in which a poem occurs has as great a semantic value as the words which are imposed on that silence. Given this battery of opposed assumptions, it is hardly surprising that the case of the New American Poetry offers the unengaging spectacle of criticism and poetics confronting one another with at best a dubious silence, at worst, bared teeth.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1969

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References

page 89 note 1 These sentences were written in May 1968. The situation has changed since then: Alasdair Clayre's B.B.C. programme, ‘Black Mountain’, the reviews of Maximus Poems IV, V, VI and Robert Duncan's English tour in the summer of 1968 have helped to alter the prevailing climate of critical opinion.

page 90 note 1 Williams, William Carlos, Paterson, Books I-V (London: MacGibbon and Kee, 1964), pp. 157–9Google Scholar.

page 92 note 1 Williams, op cit. pp. 185–6.

page 94 note 1 Creeley, Robert, Poems 1950–1965 (London: Calder and Boyars, 1966), p. 181Google Scholar.

page 95 note 1 Duncan, Robert, ‘Notes on poetics regarding Olson's maximus’, Black Mountain Review, no. 6, 1956Google Scholar, and quoted by Robert Creeley in ‘Olson and others: some orts for the sports’, reprinted in The New American Poetry, Allen, Donald M., ed. (New York and London: Evergreen, 1960), p. 411Google Scholar.

page 95 note 2 See Allen (ed.), op cit. pp. 8–11.

page 97 note 1 Allen (ed.), op cit. p. 98.

page 98 note 1 Dorn, Edward, The North Atlantic Turbine (London: Fulcrum, 1967), p. 24Google Scholar.

page 98 note 2 Dorn, op. cit. p. 25.

page 99 note 1 Dorn, op. cit. p. 44.

page 99 note 2 Dorn, op. cit. p. 53.

page 100 note 1 Dorn, op. cit. p. 58.

page 101 note 1 Allen (ed.), op. cit. p. 390.