Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T16:35:09.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A study on the salt and sodium tolerance of rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

M. S. Bajwa
M. S. Bajwa
Affiliation:
International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Although salt injury in plants is due to both osmotic and specific ion effects, little is known about the reaction of rice plants to salinity under increasing sodium adsorption ratios (SAR) in the growth medium. Therefore, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of four levels of salt concentration (20, 40, 60 and 80 m-equiv/1 with respect to the sum of Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and four levels of SAR (2, 25, 50 and 75) on growth and mineral composition of rice cvs IR 2153-26-3 and IR 26. The results show that as salt concentration increased, dry-matter yield and percentage water content of shoots decreased regardless of the variety. The rate of decline with salinity was most pronounced under low SAR and in the salt-sensitive variety IR 26. With increase in SAR, the yield, percentage water content and concentrations of Ca, Mg, and K in shoots and roots decreased, but the effects were more marked at the lowest salt concentration and in IR 26. Variety IR 2153-26-3 showed greater tolerance, maintaining a higher concentration of Ca and higher Ca/Na and K/Na ratios and a lower concentration of Na and Cl in the tops compared with IR 26.

The degree of salt injury in rice seems to depend not only on salt concentration but also on SAR in the growth medium whilst salt tolerance is associated with tolerance for both high salt concentration and high SAR. Therefore, in studies on screening rice varieties for salt and sodium tolerance, the interactive effects of SAR and salinity must be considered so as to ensure greater adaptability by the varieties recommended for salt-affected soils.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 98 , Issue 3 , June 1982 , pp. 475 - 482
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abrol, I. P., Dargan, K. S. & Bhumbla, D. R. (1973). Reclaiming alkali soils. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India. Bulletin 2, 1–58.Google Scholar
Bernstein, L. (1975). Effect of salinity and sodicity on plant growth. Annual Review of Phytopathology 13, 295–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bower, C. A. (1977). Physiological basis of salt tolerance in rice. A Terminal Report. 09–11 30, 1977. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.Google Scholar
Elzam, O. E. & Epstein, E. (1969). Salt relations of two grass species differing in salt tolerance. I. Growth and salt content at different salt concentrations. Agrochimica 13, 187–195.Google Scholar
Gates, C. T., Haydock, K. P. & Robins, M. F. (1970). Response to salinity in Glysine. IV. Salt concentration and the content of phosphorus, potassium, sodium and chloride in cultivars of G. Wightii (G. javanies). Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 10, 99–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenway, H. (1962). Plant response to saline substrate. I. Growth and ion uptake of several varieties of Hordeum during and after sodium chloride treatment. Australian Journal of Biological Science 15, 16–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyder, S. Z. & Greenway, H. (1965). Effect of Ca2+ on plant sensitivity to high NaCl concentrations. Plant and Soil 23, 258–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikehashi, H. & Ponnamperuma, F. N. (1978). Varietal tolerance of rice to adverse soils. Symposium Soils & Rice, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.Google Scholar
Janardhan, K. V. & Murty, K. S. (1972). Studies on salt tolerance in rice. III. Oryza 9, 24–34.Google Scholar
John, C. D., Limpinuntana, V. & Greenway, H. (1977). Interaction of salinity and anaerobiosis in barley and rice. Journal of Experimental Botany 28, 133–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaddah, M. T., Lehman, W. F. & Robinson, F. E. (1973). Tolerance of rice (Oryza salivaL.) to salt during boot, flowering, and grain-filling stages. Agronomy Journal 65, 845–847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lagerwerff, J. V. & Holland, J. P. (1960). Growth and mineral content of carrots and beans as related to varying osmotic and ionic composition effects in saline-sodic sand cultures. Agronomy Journal 52, 603–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Haye, P. A. & Epstein, E. (1969). Salt toleration by plants: enhancement with calcium. Science 166, 395–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laties, G. G. (1969). Dual mechanisms of salt uptake in relation to compartmentation and long-distance transport. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 20, 89–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mieri, A. & Poljakoff-Mayber, A. (1969). Effect of variations in substrate salinity on water balance and ionic composition of bean leaves. Israel Journal of Botany 18, 99–112.Google Scholar
Murty, K. S. & Rao, C. N. (1965). Studies on salt tolerance in rice. I. Oryza 2, 87–92.Google Scholar
O'Leary, J. W. (1969). The effect of salinity on the permeability of root to water. Israel Journal of Botany 18, 1–9.Google Scholar
Pearson, G. A., Ayers, A. D. & Eberhard, D. (1966). Relative salt tolerance of rice during germination and early seedling development. Soil Science 102, 151–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rains, D. W. (1972). Salt transport by plants in relation to salinity. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 23, 367–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wadleigh, C. H. & Bower, C. A. (1950). The influence of calcium ion activity in water cultures on the intake of cations by bean plants. Plant Physiology 25, 1–12.Google ScholarPubMed
Wyn Jones, R. G. & Lunt, O. R. (1967). The function of calcium in plants. Botanical Review 22, 407–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoshida, S., Forno, D. A., Cook, J. H. & Gomez, K. A. (1976). Laboratory Manual for Physiological Studies of Rice. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.Google Scholar