Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T10:33:14.415Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The responses of winter cultivars of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt to agronomic factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2019

W. S. Budzyński ,
K. Bepirszcz ,
K. J. Jankowski ,
B. Dubis ,
A. Hłasko-Nasalska ,
M. M. Sokólski ,
J. Olszewski  and
D. Załuski
W. S. Budzyński
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
K. Bepirszcz
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
K. J. Jankowski*
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
B. Dubis
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
A. Hłasko-Nasalska
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
M. M. Sokólski
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
J. Olszewski
Affiliation:
Experimental Education Unit, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
D. Załuski
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
*
Author for correspondence: K. J. Jankowski, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A field experiment with the 35–1 fractional factorial design and five factors (k = 5) at three levels (s = 3) was performed in 2007–2010 at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny, north-eastern (NE) Poland. The results of the experiment carried out under the agro-ecological conditions of NE Poland confirmed the high yield potential of common wheat and satisfactory yield potential of spelt and durum wheat. On average, durum wheat and spelt yields were 2.14 and 2.55 t/ha lower, respectively, than common wheat yields. Sowing date was not correlated with the yields of analysed Triticum species. Seed rate (350, 450 and 550 seeds/m2) had no significant influence on the grain yield of winter cultivars of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt. Common wheat cv. Oliwin and durum wheat cv. Komnata were characterized by the highest yields in response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates calculated based on the Nmin content of soil. An increase in the spring fertilizer rate by 40 kg N/ha in excess of the balanced N rate was not justified because it did not induce a further increase in the grain yield of common wheat and durum wheat. The grain yield of spelt cv. Schwabenkorn continued to increase in response to the highest rate of N fertilizer in spring (40 kg N/ha higher than the optimal rate). Intensified fungicide treatments improved grain yield in all Triticum species.

Keywords

Disease controlfactorial designnitrogenseed ratesowing date
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 156 , Issue 10 , December 2018 , pp. 1163 - 1174
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adeyeye, EI and Aye, PA (2005) Chemical composition and the effect of salts on the food properties of Triticum durum whole meal flour. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 4, 187–196.Google Scholar
Ali, M, Ali, L, Sattar, M and Ali, MA (2010) Improvement in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield by manipulating seed rate and row spacing in Vehari zone. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 20, 225–230.Google Scholar
Andrews, CJ, Pomeroy, MK, Seaman, WL, Butler, G, Bonn, PC and Hoekstra, G (1997) Relationships between planting date, winter survival and stress tolerances of soft white winter wheat in eastern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77, 507–513.Google Scholar
Arduini, I, Masoni, A, Ercoli, L and Mariotti, M (2006) Grain yield, and dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and remobilization in durum wheat as affected by variety and seeding rate. European Journal of Agronomy 25, 309–318.Google Scholar
Baloch, MS, Shah, ITH, Nadim, MA, Khan, MI and Khakwani, AA (2010) Effect of seeding density and planting time on growth and yield attributes of wheat. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 20, 239–240.Google Scholar
Basso, B, Cammarano, D, Fiorentino, C and Ritchie, JT (2013) Wheat yield response to spatially variable nitrogen fertilizer in Mediterranean environment. European Journal of Agronomy 51, 65–70.Google Scholar
Bavec, M, Bavec, F, Varga, B and Kovacevic, V (2002) Relationships among yield, it's quality and yield components in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars affected by seeding rates. Die Bodenkultur 53, 143–151.Google Scholar
Briggs, KG (1988) Spring wheat: rate of seeding × row spacing. In Intensive Culture of Wheat in Canada, Third Annual Report 1987–1989. Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Canada Grain Council, pp. A23–A29.Google Scholar
Budzyński, W (2012) Common Wheat, Spelt and Durum Wheat. Cultivation and Application (in Polish) Poznań, Poland: Polskie Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne.Google Scholar
Castagna, R, Minoia, C, Porfiri, O and Rocchetti, G (1996) Nitrogen level and seeding rate effects on the performance of hulled wheats Triticum monococcum L., T. dicoccum schubler and T. spelta l. evaluated in contrasting agronomic environments. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 176, 173–181.Google Scholar
Cerón, MMC and Martel, IS (2003) Effects of a fungicide treatment on yield and quality parameters of new varieties of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Western Andalusia (Spain). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 1, 19–26.Google Scholar
Cyrkler-Degulis, M and Bulińska-Radomska, Z (2006) Yielding and healthiness of cultivars and populations of four winter wheat species under organic agriculture conditions. Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering 51, 17–21.Google Scholar
Dai, X, Wang, Y, Dong, X, Qian, T, Yin, L, Dong, S, Chu, J and He, M (2017) Delayed sowing can increase lodging resistance while maintaining grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat. The Crop Journal 5, 541–552.Google Scholar
Dell Inc (2016) Dell Statistica (Data Analysis Software System), version 13. Round Rock, TX, USA: Dell Inc.Google Scholar
Dubis, B and Budzyński, W (2006) Response of winter wheat to the date and density of sowing (in Polish). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Agricultura 5, 15–24.Google Scholar
Ehdaie, B and Waines, JG (2001) Sowing date and nitrogen rate effects on dry matter and nitrogen partitioning in bread and durum wheat. Field Crops Research 73, 47–61.Google Scholar
Ercoli, L, Masoni, A, Pampana, S, Mariotti, M and Arduini, I (2013) As durum wheat productivity is affected by nitrogen fertilisation management in Central Italy. European Journal of Agronomy 44, 38–45.Google Scholar
Fageria, NK, Baligar, VC and Li, YC (2008) The role of nutrient efficient plants in improving crop yields in the twenty first century. Journal of Plant Nutrition 31, 1121–1157.Google Scholar
FAO (2017) FAOSTAT. Rome, Italy: FAO. Available at http://www.apps.fao.org. (Accessed 15 December 2017).Google Scholar
Haidukowski, M, Visconti, A, Perrone, G, Vanadia, S, Pancaldi, D, Covarelli, L, Balestrazzi, R and Pascale, M (2012) Effect of prothioconazole-based fungicides on Fusarium head blight, grain yield and deoxynivalenol accumulation in wheat under field conditions. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 51, 236–246.Google Scholar
Harasim, E, Wesołowski, M, Kwiatkowski, C, Harasim, P, Staniak, M and Feledyn-Szewczyk, B (2016) The contribution of yield components in determining the productivity of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Acta Agrobotanica 69, 1675. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1675.Google Scholar
Hösel, W (1989) Production area, utilization, production technology and profitability of spelt cultivation in southern Germany (in German). Bayer Landwirtschaft Jahrbuch 4, 501–507.Google Scholar
Houba, VJG, van der Lee, JJ and Novozinsky, I (1995) Soil Analysis Procedures: Other Procedures. Volume 5B: Soil and Plant Analysis. Wageningen, the Netherlands: Wageningen Agricultural University.Google Scholar
IUSS Working Group WRB (2006) World reference base for soil resources. 2nd Edn. International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 103. Rome, Italy: FAO.Google Scholar
Jablonskytė-Raščė, D, Maikštėnienė, S and Mankevičienė, A (2013) Evaluation of productivity and quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and spelt (Triticum spelta L.) in relation to nutrition conditions. Zemdirbyste 100, 45–56.Google Scholar
Koutroubas, SD, Fotiadis, S and Damalas, CA (2012) Biomass and nitrogen accumulation and translocation in spelt (Triticum spelta) grown in a Mediterranean area. Field Crops Research 127, 1–8.Google Scholar
Koutroubas, SD, Fotiadis, S, Damalas, CA and Papageorgiou, M (2014) Grain-filling patterns and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spelt (Triticum spelta) under Mediterranean conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 152, 716–730.Google Scholar
Kulik, T and Pszczółkowska, A (2011) Multilocus sequence analysis of Fusarium poae. Journal of Plant Pathology 93, 119–126.Google Scholar
Lacko-Bartošová, M and Otepka, MP (2001) Evaluation of chosen yield components of spelt wheat cultivars. Journal of Central European Agriculture 2, 279–284.Google Scholar
Lancashire, PD, Bleiholder, H, Langeluddecke, P, Stauss, R, van den Boom, T, Weber, E and Witzen-Berger, A (1991) A uniform decimal code for growth stages of crops and weeds. Annals of Applied Biology 119, 561–601.Google Scholar
Legge, WG, Fowler, DB and Gusta, LV (1983) The cold hardiness of winter wheat tillers acclimated under field conditions. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63, 879–888.Google Scholar
Łopaciuk, W (2017) Cereal Market – Current Situation and Prospects (in Polish) Warszawa: Instytut Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej -Państwowy Instytut Badawczy.Google Scholar
López-Bellido, L, López-Bellido, RJ and López-Bellido, FJ (2006) Fertilizer nitrogen efficiency in durum wheat under rainfed Mediterranean conditions: effect of split application. Agronomy Journal 98, 55–62.Google Scholar
Mikos, M (2012) Options for modifying the yield and quality of spelt grain (in Polish) Wieś Jutra 3–4, 27–28.Google Scholar
Olesen, JE, Jørgensen, LN, Petersen, J and Mortensen, JV (2003) Effects of rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat. 1. Grain yield and foliar disease control. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 140, 1–13.Google Scholar
Olszewski, J, Makowska, M, Pszczółkowska, A, Okorski, A and Bieniaszewski, T (2014) The effect of nitrogen fertilization on flag leaf and ear photosynthesis and grain yield of spring wheat. Plant Soil and Environment 60, 531–536.Google Scholar
Pląskowska, E and Chrzanowska-Drożdż, B (2010) The health status of winter durum wheat grain in relation to fungicide treatment. Phytopathologia 54, 23–32.Google Scholar
Podolska, G (2008) The effect of Amistar fungicide on grain yield and protein compositions in winter wheat. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 95, 259–265.Google Scholar
Podolska, G and Wyzińska, M (2011) The responses of new winter wheat cultivars to seeding rate and seeding date (in Polish). Polish Journal of Agronomy 6, 44–51.Google Scholar
Pospišil, A, Pospišil, M, Svečnjak, Z and Matotan, S (2011) Influence of crop management upon the agronomic traits of spelt (Triticum spelta L.). Plant, Soil and Environment 57, 435–440.Google Scholar
Pospišil, A, Pospišil, M and Brčić, M (2016) Influence of seeding rate and nitrogen topdressing upon the agronomic traits of spelt (Triticum spelta L.). Romanian Agricultural Research 33, 1–6.Google Scholar
Probst, G (1997) Field crops (in Polish). In Siebeneiher, GE (ed). Organic Farming Handbook for Various Production Systems, Translated by Ostrowska, D.. Warszawa, Poland: Polskie Wydawnictwo Naukowe, pp. 136–229.Google Scholar
Pużynski, S, Stańkowski, S, Pużyńska, K, Iwański, R, Wianecki, M and Biel, W (2015) Impact of weed control method and sowing density on yielding of selected winter spelt (Triticum spelta L.) cultivars. Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica 322, 103–112.Google Scholar
Ranieri, R (2015) Geography of the durum wheat crop. Pastaria International 6, 24–36.Google Scholar
Rimle, R, Ruegger, A, Schmid, J and Stamp, P (1995) Comparison of wheat, spelt and their F1 hybrids (in German). Agrarforschung 2, 512–515.Google Scholar
Rozbicki, J, Ceglińska, A, Gozdowski, D, Jakubczak, M, Cacak-Pietrzak, G, Mądry, W, Golba, J, Piechociński, M, Sobczyński, G, Studnicki, M and Drzazga, T (2015) Influence of the cultivar, environment and management on the grain yield and bread-making quality in winter wheat. Journal of Cereal Science 61, 126–132.Google Scholar
Rüegger, A and Winzeler, H (1993) Performance of spelt (Triticum spelta L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at two different seeding rates and nitrogen levels under contrasting environmental conditions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 170, 289–295.Google Scholar
Ruibal-Mendieta, NL, Delacroix, DL, Mignolet, E, Pycke, JM, Marques, C, Rozenberg, R, Petitjean, G, Habib-Jiwan, JL, Meurens, M, Quetin-Leclercq, J, Delzenne, NM and Larondelle, Y (2005) Spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) as a source of breadmaking flours and bran naturally enriched in oleic acid and minerals but not phytic acid. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53, 2751–2759.Google Scholar
Rutkowska, A and Fotyma, M (2011) Mineral nitrogen as a universal soil test to predict plant N requirements and ground water pollution – case study for Poland. In Ozkaraova, BE (ed). Principles, Application and Assessment in Soil Science. London, UK: InTech, pp. 333–350. Available at http://www.intechopen.com/books/principles-application-and-assessment-in-soil-science/mineral-nitrogen-as-a-universal-soil-test-to-predict-plant-n-requirements-and-ground-water-pollution (Accessed 16 November 2018).Google Scholar
Sadras, VO and Slafer, GA (2012) Environmental modulation on yield components in cereals: heritabilities reveal a hierarchy of phenotypic plasticities. Field Crops Research 127, 215–224.Google Scholar
Saint Pierre, C, Peterson, CJ, Ross, AS, Ohm, JB, Verhoeven, MC, Larson, M and Hoefer, B (2008) White wheat grain quality changes with genotype, nitrogen fertilization, and water stress. Agronomy Journal 100, 414–420.Google Scholar
Scarpino, V, Reyneri, A, Sulyok, M, Krska, R and Blandino, M (2015) Effect of fungicide application to control Fusarium head blight and 20 Fusarium and alternaria mycotoxins in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). World Mycotoxin Journal 8, 499–510.Google Scholar
Shekoofa, A and Emam, Y (2008) Effects of nitrogen fertilization and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Shiraz. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 10, 101–108.Google Scholar
Sieling, K, Stahl, C, Winkelmann, C and Christen, O (2005) Growth and yield of winter wheat in the first 3 years of a monoculture under varying N fertilization in NW Germany. European Journal of Agronomy 22, 71–84.Google Scholar
Slafer, GA, Savin, R and Sadras, VO (2014) Coarse and fine regulation of wheat yield components in response to genotype and environment. Field Crops Research 157, 71–83.Google Scholar
Suchowilska, E and Wiwart, M (2006) Multivariate analysis of image descriptors of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) and spelt (T. spelta) grain infected by Fusarium culmorum. International Agrophysics 20, 345–351.Google Scholar
Sulewska, H (2006) The influence of precipitation on spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta l.) yields in the region of Wielkopolska (in Polish). Roczniki Akademii Rolniczej w Poznaniu 66, 339–346.Google Scholar
Sulewska, H, Koziara, W, Panasiewicz, K and Ptaszyńska, G (2008) Yielding of two spelt varieties depending on sowing date and sowing rate in central Wielkopolska conditions. Journal of Research and Applications Agricultural Engineering 53, 85–91.Google Scholar
Sun, H, Zhang, X, Chen, S, Pei, D and Liu, C (2007) Effects of harvest and sowing time on the performance of the rotation of winter wheat–summer maize in the North China Plain. Industrial Crops and Products 25, 239–247.Google Scholar
Szumiło, G and Rachoń, L (2008) The responses of selected winter wheat species to seeding date (in Polish). Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio E, Agricultura 63, 78–86.Google Scholar
Troccoli, A and Codianni, P (2005) Appropriate seeding rate for einkorn, emmer, and spelt grown under rainfed condition in southern Italy. European Journal of Agronomy 22, 293–300.Google Scholar
Vašák, J and Budzyński, W (2009) Main trends in global crop production (in Czech). Agricultura – Scientia – Prosperita, Czech Republic, Prague. 5.11. 2009.Google Scholar
Weber, E and Bleiholder, H (1990) BBCH-scales identifying the development stages of maize, rapeseed, faba bean, sunflower and pea–with illustrations (in German). Gesunde Pflanzen 42, 308–321.Google Scholar
Wiwart, M, Perkowski, J, Jackowiak, H, Packa, D, Borusiewicz, A and Buśko, M (2004) Response of some cultivars of spring spelt (Triticum spelta) to Fusarium culmorum infection. Die Bodenkultur 55, 103–111.Google Scholar
Załuski, D and Gołaszewski, J (2006) Efficiency of 35−p fractional factorial designs determined using additional information on the spatial variability of the experimental field. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 192, 303–309.Google Scholar
Załuski, D, Dubis, B, Budzyński, W and Jankowski, K (2016) Applicability of the 35–2 fractional factorial design in determining the effects of cultivation factors on hulless oat. Agronomy Journal 108, 205–218.Google Scholar