Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-05T14:21:11.595Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Productivity and physiological response of lactating Holstein cows to sugarcane supplementation and evaporative cooling under heat-stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2018

F. P. Campos Open the ORCID record for F. P. Campos [Opens in a new window] ,
M. R. G. Conceição ,
P. Sarmento ,
D. R. O. Nicácio ,
C. G. Lima  and
S. V. Matarazzo
F. P. Campos*
Affiliation:
Institute of Zootechny, IZ/APTA/SAA, Nova Odessa, SP 13380-011, Brazil
M. R. G. Conceição
Affiliation:
Postgraduate program, Sustainable Animal Production, Institute of Zootechny, IZ/APTA/SAA, Nova Odessa, SP 13380-011, Brazil
P. Sarmento
Affiliation:
Institute of Zootechny, IZ/APTA/SAA, Nova Odessa, SP 13380-011, Brazil
D. R. O. Nicácio
Affiliation:
Postgraduate program, Sustainable Animal Production, Institute of Zootechny, IZ/APTA/SAA, Nova Odessa, SP 13380-011, Brazil
C. G. Lima
Affiliation:
Department of Basic Science, University of Sao Paulo, FZEA, Pirassununga, SP 13635.900, Brazil
S. V. Matarazzo
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University Santa Cruz, UESC, km 16, Rodovia Ilheus - Itabuna, Ilheus, Ba 13635.900, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: F. P. Campos, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of sugarcane and maize silage mixture v. maize silage in diets of Holstein cows and investigate performance under two environmental conditions. The cows were placed in freestalls, with individuals and stalls assigned to one of four treatments according to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 20-day periods divided into 11 days of adaptation (wash-out period) and 9 days of collection. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design: total diets (maize silage (MS-based diet), the roughage mixture (RM-based diet, sugarcane : maize silage, 500 : 500 g/kg DM) plus concentrate); environmental conditions (with (W) and without (Wo) fan and nebulizers); and measurement times (09.40 and 14.00 h). The temperature and relative humidity was higher at 14.00 h and contributed to increased temperature-humidity index (76.6, W v. 75.9, Wo). Feed dry matter intake (DMI) was similar between diets (20.2 kg/day), but milk production and feed efficiency were lower with RM. Under W conditions, higher fat content and total solids of milk were observed with the RM-based diet, while crude protein and lactose were higher with MS. The Wo conditions increased body surface temperature (BS) in cows fed MS. The rectal temperature (RT) was higher with RM. The BS, RT and respiratory rate were higher at 14.00 h (34.9, 38.6 °C and 58.2 breaths/min) than at 09.40 h. The RM-based diet maintained DMI and milk composition, but not milk production. The use of the cooling system led to higher DMI and feed N efficiency use.

Keywords

Dietenvironmental conditionsmaize silageproduction and quality of milkroughage mixture
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 156 , Issue 7 , September 2018 , pp. 900 - 913
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alvares, CA, Stape, J, Sentelhas, PC, Gonçalves, JLM and Sparovek, G (2014) Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift 22, 711–728.Google Scholar
Andrade, FL, Rodrigues, JPP, Detman, E, Valadares Filho, SC, Castro, MMD, Trece, AS, Silva, TE, Fischer, V, Weiss, K and Marcondes, MI (2016) Nutritional and productive performance of dairy cows fed corn silage or sugarcane silage with or without additives. Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, 747–753.Google Scholar
AOAC (1990) Official Methods of Analysis, 15th edn. Arlington, VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Armstrong, DV (1994) Heat stress interaction with shade and cooling. Journal of Dairy Science 77, 2044–2050.Google Scholar
Avendaño-Reyes, L (2012) Heat stress management for milk production in arid zones. In Chaiyabutr, N (ed.), Milk Production – An Up-to-Date Overview of Animal Nutrition, Management and Health. London, UK: InTech, pp. 165–184. Availableat: http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/39481/InTech-Heat_stress_management_for_milk_production_in_arid_zones.pdf. Open Access. doi: 10.5772/51299 (Accessed 4 September 2018).Google Scholar
Baumgard, LH and Rhoads, RP (2012) Ruminant nutrition symposium: ruminant production and metabolic responses to heat stress. Journal of Animal Science 90, 1855–1865.Google Scholar
Bentley Instruments (1995 a). Bentley 2000: Operator's Manual. Chaska, MN, USA: Bentley Instruments.Google Scholar
Bentley Instruments (1995 b). Somacount 300: Operator's Manual. Chaska, MN, USA: Bentley Instruments.Google Scholar
Bentley Instruments (1998). ChemSpeck 150: User's Guide. Chaska, MN, USA: Bentley Instruments.Google Scholar
Bernabucci, U, Lacetera, N, Baumgard, LH, Rhoads, RP, Ronchi, B and Nardone, A (2010) Metabolic and hormonal acclimation to heart stress in domesticated ruminants. Animal: An International Journal of Animal Bioscience 4, 1167–1183.Google Scholar
Botaro, BG, Cortinhas, CS, Dibbern, AG, Prada e Silva, LF, Benites, NR and dos Santos, MV (2015) Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection affects milk yield and SCC of dairy cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production 47, 61–66.Google Scholar
Broderick, GA and Clayton, MK (1997) A statistical evaluation of animal and nutritional factors influencing concentrations of milk urea nitrogen. Journal of Dairy Science 80, 2964–2971.Google Scholar
Broderick, GA, Stevenson, MJ and Patton, RA (2009) Effect of dietary protein concentration and degradability on response to rumen-protected methionine in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 92, 2719–2728.Google Scholar
Campos, FP, Sampaio, AAM, Vieira, PF and Bose, MLV (2001) Evaluation of the in vitro/gas digestibility of several mixtures of roughages by digestion residue of dry matter and gas production. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 30, 1579–1589. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
Campos, FP, Sampaio, AAM, Vieira, PF, Bose, MLV and Sarmento, P (2002) Ruminal parameters analyzed in remaining digestion residue of roughages in the in vitro/gas system. Scientia Agricola 29, 573–579.Google Scholar
CEPAGRI, Centro de Pesquisa Metereológica e Climáticas Aplicadas a Agricultura – UNICAMP/Universidade de Campinas (2016) Clima dos Municípios Paulistas. Campinas, SP, Brazil: CEPAGRI. Available at: http://www.cpa.unicamp.br/outras-informacoes/clima_muni_379.html (Accessed 4 September 2018).Google Scholar
Chaiyabutr, N, Chanpongsang, S and Suadsong, S (2008) Effects of evaporative cooling on the regulation of body water and milk production in crossbred Holstein cattle in a tropical environment. International Journal of Biometereology 52, 575–585.Google Scholar
Chizzotti, ML, Valadares Filho, SC, Valadares, RFD, Chizzotti, FHM, Marcondes, ML and Fonseca, MA (2007) Intake, digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in Holstein cows with different milk production levels. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 36, 138–146. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
Coldebella, A, Machado, PF, Demétrio, CGB, RibeiroJúnior, PJ, Meyer, PM, Corassin, CH and Cassoli, LD (2004) Somatic cells count and milk yield in confined Holstein cows. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 33, 623–634. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
FAO (2016) FAOSTAT – Countries by Commodity – Sugarcane, 2014. Rome, Italy: FAO. Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (Accessed 4 September 2018).Google Scholar
França MM, Del Valle TA, Campana, M, Veronesse, LP, Nascimento, G and Morais, JPG (2017) Mastitis causative agents and SCC relationship with milk yield and composition in dairy cows. Archivos de Zootecnia 66, 45–49.Google Scholar
Gomes, RS, de Oliveira, TS, Pereira, JC, Vieira, RAM, Henrique, DS, Fernandes, AM and Leonel, FP (2016) Performance and metabolite profile of dairy cows fed tropical grasses and concentrates containing crude protein with low or high degradability. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 45, 572–580.Google Scholar
Gonzalez, LA, Manteca, X, Calsamiglia, S, Schwartzkopf-Genswein, KS and Ferret, A (2012) Ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle: interplay between feed ingredients, rumen function and feeding behavior (a review). Animal Feed Science and Technology 172, 66–79.Google Scholar
Henao-Velásquez, AF, Múnera-Bedoya, OD, Herrera, AC, Agudelo-Trujillo, JH and Cerón-Muñoz, MF (2014) Lactose and milk urea nitrogen: fluctuations during lactation in Holstein cows. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 43, 479–484.Google Scholar
Hiitiö, H, Vakkamäki, J, Simojoki, H, Autio, T, Junnila, J, Pelkonen, S and Pyörälä, S (2017) Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in Finnish dairy cows: changes during recent decades and impact of cow and herd factors. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 59, article n° 22, 1–14. doi: 10.1186/s13028-017-0288-x.Google Scholar
Igono, MO, Bjotvedt, G and Sanford-Crane, HT (1992) Environmental profile and critical temperature effects on milk production of Holstein cows in desert climate. International Journal of Biometeorology 36, 77–87.Google Scholar
Johnson, HD (1980) Environmental management of cattle to minimize the stress of climate changes. International Journal of Biometrics 24 (Suppl. 7, Part 2), 65–78.Google Scholar
Kadzere, CT, Murphy, MR, Silanikove, N and Maltz, E (2002) Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: a review. Livestock Production Science 77, 59–91.Google Scholar
Kawashima, T, Sumamal, W, Pholsen, P, Chaithiang, R and Boonpakdee, W (2002) The use of sugarcane stalk for feeding lactating cows. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 15, 205–208.Google Scholar
Lima, MLM, Carvalho, ER, Mattos, WRS, Nussio, LG, Castro, FGF and Amaral, AG (2012) Comparison of the neutral detergent fiber of forage: ingestive behavior and ruminal kinetics. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias 7, 535–542. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
Magalhães, ALR, Campos, JMS, Cabral, LS, Mello, R, Freitas, JA, Torres, RA, Valadares Filho, SC and Assis, AJ (2006) Effects of replacing corn silage with sugarcane on production and ruminal metabolism of lactating dairy cows. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 35, 591–599. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
Migliano, MEDA, Silano, C, Martins, CMMR, Arcari, MA and Santos, MV (2016) Effect of dietary nitrogen source and crude protein content on nitrogen balance and lactating performance of dairy cows. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research in Animal Science 53, 72–87.Google Scholar
NRC National Research Council (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th edn. Washington, D.C., USA: National Academies Press.Google Scholar
Pate, FM, Alvarez, J, Phillips, JD and Eiland, BR (2002) Sugarcane as Cattle Feed: Production and Utilization. Bulletin 844. Gainesville, FL, USA: University of Florida – Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.Google Scholar
Pires, AV, Susin, I, Simas, JMC, Oliveira Júnior, RC, Fernandes, JJR, Araújo, RC and Mendes, CQ (2010) Replacement of corn silage by chopped sugar cane and whole cottonseed on the performance of lactating Holstein cows. Ciência Animal Brasileira 11, 251–257. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
Pithan-Silva, RO (2017) Sobre a nova instrução normativa n.7 para qualidade do leite. Análises e Indicadores do Agronegócio 11, 1–5. Available at: http://www.iea.sp.gov.br/ftpiea/AIA/AIA-46-2016.pdf (Accessed 5 September 2018).Google Scholar
Renaudeau, D, Collin, A, Yahav, S, de Basilio, V, Gourdine, JL and Collier, RJ (2012) Adaptation to hot climate and strategies to alleviate heat stress in livestock production. Animal: An International Journal of Animal Bioscience 6, 707–728.Google Scholar
Rhoads, ML, Rhoads, RP, Van Baale, MJ, Collier, RJ, Sanders, SR, Weber, WJ, Crooker, BA and Baumgard, LH (2009) Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows: I. Production, metabolism, and aspects of circulating somatotropin. Journal of Dairy Science 92, 1986–1997.Google Scholar
Robertson, JB and Van Soest, PJ (1981) The detergent system of analysis. In James, WPT and Theander, O (eds), The Analysis of Dietary Fiber in Food. New York, USA: Marcel Dekker, pp. 123–158.Google Scholar
Santiago, AMF, Campos, JMS, Oliveira, AS, Valadares Filho, SC, Santos, SA, Souza, SM and Santiago, IF (2013) Urea in sugarcane-based diets for dairy cows. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 42, 456–462.Google Scholar
SAS Institute, Inc. (2003) SAS/STAT. User'sGuide, Version 9.1. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Sklan, D, Ashkenazi, R, Braun, A, Devorin, A and Tabori, K (1992) Fatty acids, calcium soaps of fatty acids, and cottonseeds fed to high yielding cows. Journal of Dairy Science 75, 2463–2472.Google Scholar
Sniffen, CJ, O'Connor, JD, Van Soest, PJ, Fox, DG and Russell, JB (1992) A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science 70, 3562–3577.Google Scholar
Sota, RL (1996). Fisiología ambiental: mecanismos de respuestas del animal al estress calórico. In Jornada de Manejo Del Estress Calórico, 1. La Plata, Argentina: EDULP, pp. 1–43.Google Scholar
Souza, JM, Sousa, DO, Mesquita, BS, Mesquita, LG and Silva, LFP (2017) Effect of sugarcane fiber digestibility, conservation method and concentrate level on the ruminal ecosystem of beef cattle. AMB Express 7, 55 (doi: 10.1186/s13568-017-0356-7).Google Scholar
Suksombat, W and Mernkrathoke, P (2005) Feeding of whole sugarcane to dairy cattle during the dry season. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 18, 345–349.Google Scholar
Summer, A, Malacarne, M, Sandri, S, Formaggioni, P, Mariani, P and Franceschi, P (2012) Effects of somatic cell count on the gross composition protein fractions and mineral content of individual ewe's milk. African Journal of Biotechnology 11, 16377–16381.Google Scholar
Titto, CG, Negrão, JA, Titto, EAL, Canaes, TS, Titto, RM and Pereira, AMF (2013) Effects of an evaporative cooling system on plasma cortisol, IGF-I, and milk production in dairy cows in tropical environment. International Journal of Biometeorology 57, 299–306.Google Scholar
Titto, CG, Negrão, JA, Canaes, TS, Titto, RM, Leme-dos-Santos, TMC, Henrique, FL, Calviello, RF, Pereira, AMF and Titto, EAL (2017) Heat stress and ACTH administration on cortisol and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in lactating Holstein cows. Journal of Applied Animal Research 45, 1–7.Google Scholar
van der Weijde, T, Alvim Kamei, CL, Torres, AF, Vermerris, W, Dolstra, O, Visser, RGF and Trindade, LM (2013) The potential of C4 grasses for cellulosic biofuel production. Frontiers in Plant Science 4, 107 (doi:10.3389/fpls.2013.00107).Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.Google Scholar
Vilela, RA, Leme, TMC, Titto, CG, Neto, PF, Pereira, AMF, Balieiro, JCC and Titto, EAL (2013) Physiological and behavioral responses of Holstein cows housed under cooling system. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, 1379–1384. (Eng. Abstr.).Google Scholar
West, JW (1999) Nutritional strategies for managing the heat-stressed dairy cow. Journal of Animal Science 77, 21–35.Google Scholar
Wheelock, JB, Rhoads, RP, Van Baale, MJ, Sanders, SR and Baumgard, LH (2010) Effects of heat stress on energetic metabolism in lactating Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 93, 644–655.Google Scholar
Wiles, PG, Gray, IK and Kissling, RC (1998) Routine analysis of protein by Kjeldahl and Dumas methods: review and interlaboratory study using dairy products. Journal of AOAC International 81, 620–632.Google Scholar
Zhang, L, Ying, SJ, An, WJ, Lian, H, Zhou, GB and Han, ZY (2014) Effects of dietary betaine supplementation subjected to heat stress on milk performances and physiology indices in dairy cow. Genetics and Molecular Research 13, 7577–7586.Google Scholar
Zimbelman, RB and Collier, RJ (2011) Feeding strategies for high-producing dairy cows during periods of elevated heat and humidity. In Proceedings of the 20th Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference, April 19 and 20, 2011, Fort Wayne, IN, USA: Purdue University Press, pp. 111–126. Available at https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/36a444_897cf90bf3674416b50348b39adb672d.pdf (accessed 5 September 2018).Google Scholar