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Nitrogen turnover and loss during storage of slurry and composting of solid manure under typical Vietnamese farming conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2010

M. T. TRAN ,
T. K. V. VU ,
S. G. SOMMER  and
L. S. JENSEN
M. T. TRAN*
Affiliation:
Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute, Dong Ngac, Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensveij 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
T. K. V. VU
Affiliation:
National Institute of Animal Sciences, Thuy Phuong, Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam Institute of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
S. G. SOMMER
Affiliation:
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
L. S. JENSEN
Affiliation:
Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensveij 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: [email protected]
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Summary

A high proportion of plant nutrients present in animal feed are excreted and therefore animal manure can be an important source of nitrogen (N) for crop production if losses of plant nutrients to the environment during storage and processing are minimized. The present study examines gaseous N losses from stored pig slurry and during composting of solid manure as affected by protein and fibre content in the feed and manure management. Two slurry storage treatments (with and without cover) and three additives to solid manure composting (straw only, straw+lime and straw+superphosphate) were examined for three common types of pig feed in Vietnam (low-protein high-fibre, medium-protein medium-fibre and high-protein low-fibre).

Feed type was found to affect the N content in pig slurry or manure and thus potential N losses. The fraction of N loss caused by N emission from covered slurry storage was 0·25–0·30 of initial N content, while that from uncovered slurry was 0·60–0·70. After 90 days of storage, 1·15–1·20 times the initial ammonium-N (NH4-N) was found in the covered slurry and 0·40–0·50 in the uncovered. The fraction of N lost during composting with superphosphate was 0·25–0·35 of initial total N, while with lime or straw the total N loss was 0·45–0·55. With added superphosphate, 1·25–1·60 times the initial NH4-N in manure was found in the compost after 80 days compared with only 0·11–0·22 for lime and 0·22–0·36 for straw only. Covering stored slurry and addition of superphosphate when composting solid pig manure are thus important methods for Vietnamese farmers to minimize N losses and produce compost with a high content of plant-available N.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 149 , Issue 3 , June 2011 , pp. 285 - 296
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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