Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T04:46:45.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of xylanase on the fermentation profile and chemical composition of sugarcane silage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2019

T. A. Del Valle Open the ORCID record for T. A. Del Valle [Opens in a new window] ,
G. Antonio ,
T. F. Zenatti ,
M. Campana ,
E. M. C. Zilio ,
L. G. Ghizzi ,
J. R. Gandra ,
J. A. C. Osório  and
J. P. G. de Morais
T. A. Del Valle*
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology Vegetal and Animal Production, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, Brazil Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
G. Antonio
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology Vegetal and Animal Production, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, Brazil
T. F. Zenatti
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology Vegetal and Animal Production, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, Brazil
M. Campana
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology Vegetal and Animal Production, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, Brazil
E. M. C. Zilio
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
L. G. Ghizzi
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
J. R. Gandra
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
J. A. C. Osório
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Maringá State University, Maringá, Brazil
J. P. G. de Morais
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology Vegetal and Animal Production, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: T. A. Del Valle, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The current study aims to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of xylanase enzyme (XYL) on sugarcane silage fermentation, fermentative losses, chemical composition, dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) degradation and aerobic stability. A completely randomized design trial was performed with five treatments and 50 experimental silos. Treatments were: 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg of XYL per kg of DM. XYL contained 10 000 U/g. There was a quadratic effect of XYL on silage pH and acetic acid concentration: lower pH and higher acetic acid concentrations were found at intermediary levels of the enzyme. XYL decreased lactic acid concentration linearly. Furthermore, the enzyme had a quadratic effect on effluent and total losses, with higher losses at intermediary XYL levels. There was a quadratic effect of XYL on organic matter (OM), non-fibre carbohydrates (NFC) and crude protein (CP) content. In addition, a quadratic effect of XYL was observed on NDF content and degradation. Intermediary levels of XYL showed higher concentration of OM and NFC. The addition of XYL had no effect on silage temperature and pH after aerobic exposure. Thus, intermediate levels of XYL increased acetic acid and decreased silage pH. Besides positive effects on silage composition, intermediary XYL levels decreased NDF degradation.

Keywords

Degradationensilingfibrenon-fibre carbohydrate
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 156 , Issue 9 , November 2018 , pp. 1123 - 1129
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis, 7th Edn. Arlington, VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Aroeira, RS, Lizieire, RS, Matos, LL and Figueira, DG (1993) Rumen degradability and rate of passage of sugar cane + urea based diets, supplemented with cottonseed or rice meals in Holstein×Zebu steers. Journal of Animal Science 71, 273.Google Scholar
Arriola, KG, Oliveira, AS, Ma, XZ, Lean, IJ, Giurcanu, MC and Adesogan, AT (2017) A meta-analysis on the effect of dietary application of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on the performance of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 4513–4527.Google Scholar
Ávila, CLS, Pinto, JC, Figueiredo, HCP and Schwan, RF (2009) Effects of an indigenous and a commercial Lactobacillus buchneri strain on quality of sugar cane silage. Grass and Forage Science 64, 384–394.Google Scholar
Beauchemin, KA, Rode, LM and Sewalt, VJH (1995) Fibrolytic enzymes increase fiber digestibility and growth rate of steers fed dry forages. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 75, 641–644.Google Scholar
Bowman, GR, Beauchemin, KA and Shelford, JA (2002) The proportion of the diet to which fibrolytic enzymes are added affects nutrient digestion by lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 85, 3420–3429.Google Scholar
Broderick, GA and Kang, JH (1980) Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino-acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 64–75.Google Scholar
Casali, AO, Detmann, E, Valadares Filho, SC, Pereira, JC, Henriques, LT, de Freitas, SG and Paulino, MF (2008) Influence of incubation time and particles size on indigestible compounds contents in cattle feeds and feces obtained by in situ procedures. Brazilian Journal of Animal Science 37, 335–342.Google Scholar
Cherney, JH and Cherney, DJR (2003) Assessing silage quality. In Buxton, DR, Muck, RE and Harrison, JH (eds), Silage Science and Technology. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, pp. 141–191.Google Scholar
Colombatto, D, Mould, FL, Bhat, MK, Phipps, RH and Owen, E (2004) In vitro evaluation of fibrolytic enzymes as additives for maize (Zea mays L.) silage. I. Effects of ensiling temperature, enzyme source and addition level. Animal Feed Science and Technology 111, 111–128.Google Scholar
Corrêa, CES, Pereira, MN, de Oliveira, SG and Ramos, MH (2003) Performance of Holstein cows fed sugarcane or corn silages of different grain textures. Scientia Agricola 60, 621–629.Google Scholar
Daniel, JLP, Checolli, M, Zwielehner, J, Junges, D, Fernandes, J and Nussio, LG (2015) The effects of Lactobacillus kefiri and L. brevis on the fermentation and aerobic stability of sugarcane silage. Animal Feed Science and Technology 205, 69–74.Google Scholar
Daniel, JLP, Queiroz, OCM, Arriola, KG, Staples, CR, Romero, JJ, Shin, JH, Paschoaloto, JR, Nussio, LG and Adesogan, AT (2016) Effects of maturity at ensiling of bermudagrass and fibrolytic enzyme application on the performance of early-lactation dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 9716–9723.Google Scholar
Danner, H, Holzer, M, Mayrhuber, E and Braun, R (2003) Acetic acid increases stability of silage under aerobic conditions. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, 562–567.Google Scholar
de Andrade, FL, Rodrigues, JPP, Detmann, E, Valadares Filho, SC, Castro, MMD, Trece, AS, Silva, TE, Fischer, V, Weiss, K and Marcondes, MI (2016) Nutritional and productive performance of dairy cows fed corn silage or sugarcane silage with or without additives. Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, 747–753.Google Scholar
Dean, DB, Adesogan, AT, Krueger, N and Littell, RC (2005) Effect of fibrolytic enzymes on the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and digestibility of bermudagrass silage. Journal of Dairy Science 88, 994–1003.Google Scholar
Dehghani, MR, Weisbjerg, MR, Hvelplund, T and Kristensen, NB (2012) Effect of enzyme addition to forage at ensiling on silage chemical composition and NDF degradation characteristics. Livestock Science 150, 51–58.Google Scholar
Desta, ST, Yuan, X, Li, J and Shao, T (2016) Ensiling characteristics, structural and nonstructural carbohydrate composition and enzymatic digestibility of Napier grass ensiled with additives. Bioresource Technology 221, 447–454.Google Scholar
Eun, JS and Beauchemin, KA (2008) Assessment of the potential of feed enzyme additives to enhance utilization of corn silage fibre by ruminants. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 88, 97–106.Google Scholar
Fred, EB, Peterson, WH and Davenport, A (1919) Acid fermentation of xylose. Journal of Biological Chemistry 39, 347–384.Google Scholar
Gandra, JR, Miranda, GA, Goes, RHTB, Takiya, CS, Del Valle, TA, Oliveira, ER, Freitas Junior, JE, Gandra, ERS, Araki, HMC and Santos, ALAV (2017) Fibrolytic enzyme supplementation through ruminal bolus on eating behavior, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in Jersey heifers fed corn either silage or sugarcane silage-based diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 231, 29–37.Google Scholar
Hall, MB (2000) Calculation of Non-Structural Carbohydrate Content of Feeds That Contain Non-Protein Nitrogen. Bulletin 339. Gainesville, FL, USA: University of Florida.Google Scholar
He, ZX, Yang, LY, Yang, WZ, Beauchemin, KA, Tang, SX, Huang, JY, Zhou, CS, Han, XF, Wang, M, Kang, JH, Odongo, NE and Tan, ZL (2015) Efficacy of exogenous xylanases for improving in vitro fermentation of forages. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 153, 538–553.Google Scholar
Jobim, CC, Nussio, LG, Reis, AR and Schmidt, P (2007) Methodological advances in evaluation of preserved forage quality. Brazilian Journal of Animal Science 36, 101–119.Google Scholar
Kenward, MG and Roger, JH (1997) Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood. Biometrics 53, 983–997.Google Scholar
Khota, W, Pholsen, S, Higgs, D and Cai, Y (2016) Natural lactic acid bacteria population of tropical grasses and their fermentation factor analysis of silage prepared with cellulase and inoculant. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 9768–9781.Google Scholar
Kung, L Jr, Cohen, MA, Rode, LM and Treacher, RJ (2002) The effect of fibrolytic enzymes sprayed onto forages and fed in a total mixed ratio to lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 85, 2396–2402.Google Scholar
Kung, L Jr, Schmidt, RJ, Ebling, TE and Hu, W (2007) The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on the fermentation and aerobic stability of ground and whole high-moisture corn. Journal of Dairy Science 90, 2309–2314.Google Scholar
Liu, Q, Li, X, Desta, TS, Zhang, J and Shao, T (2016) Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and fibrolytic enzyme on the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility of total mixed rations silage including rape straw. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 15, 2087–2096.Google Scholar
Mandebvu, P, West, JW, Froetschel, MA, Hatfield, RD, Gates, RN and Hill, GM (1999) Effect of enzyme or microbial treatment of bermudagrass forages before ensiling on cell wall composition, end products of silage fermentation and in situ digestion kinetics. Animal Feed Science and Technology 77, 317–329.Google Scholar
Maulfair, DD, Fustini, M and Heinrichs, AJ (2011) Effect of varying total mixed ration particle size on rumen digesta and fecal particle size and digestibility in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 94, 3527–3536.Google Scholar
McDonald, P, Henderson, AR and Heron, SJE (1991) The Biochemistry of Silage, 2nd Edn. Marlow, UK: Chalcombe Publications.Google Scholar
Morgavi, DP, Beauchemin, KA, Nsereko, VL, Rode, LM, McAllister, TA and Wang, Y (2004) Trichoderma enzymes promote Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 adhesion to, and degradation of, complex substrates but not pure cellulose. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 84, 1083–1090.Google Scholar
Nadeau, EMG, Russell, JR and Buxton, DR (2000) Intake, digestibility, and composition of orchardgrass and alfalfa silages treated with cellulase, inoculant and formic acid fed to lambs. Journal of Animal Science 78, 2980–2989.Google Scholar
NRC (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th rev. Edn. Washington, DC, USA: National Academic Press.Google Scholar
Nsereko, VL, Morgavi, DP, Rode, LM, Beauchemin, KA and McAllister, TA (2000) Effects of fungal enzyme preparations on hydrolysis and subsequent degradation of alfalfa hay fiber by mixed rumen microorganisms in vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology 88, 153–170.Google Scholar
Pedroso, AF, Nussio, LG, Paziani, SF, Loures, DRS, Igarasi, MS, Coelo, RM, Packer, IH, Horii, J and Gomes, LH (2005) Fermentation and epiphytic microflora dynamics in sugar cane silage. Scientia Agricola 62, 427–432.Google Scholar
Pryce, JDA (1969) Modification of the Barker-Summerson method for the determination of lactic acid. The Analyst 94, 1151–1152.Google Scholar
Ranjit, NK and Kung, L Jr (2000) The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum, or a chemical preservative on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage. Journal of Dairy Science 83, 526–535.Google Scholar
Sheperd, AC and Kung, L Jr (1996) An enzyme additive for corn silage: effects on silage composition and animal performance. Journal of Dairy Science 79, 1760–1766.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.Google Scholar
Xing, L, Chen, LJ and Han, LJ (2009) The effect of an inoculant and enzymes on fermentation and nutritive value of sorghum straw silages. Bioresource Technology 100, 488–491.Google Scholar
Yang, WZ, Beauchemin, KA and Rode, LM (1999) Effects of an enzyme feed additive on extent of digestion and milk production of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 82, 391–403.Google Scholar
Ying, HL, Borjigin, N and Zhu, Y (2017) Effect of inoculants and fibrolytic enzymes on the fermentation characteristics, in vitro digestibility and aflatoxins accumulation of whole-crop corn silage. Grassland Science 63, 69–78.Google Scholar