Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T04:53:52.229Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of dietary lipids and roughage level on dairy goat performance, milk physicochemical composition, apparent transfer efficiency and biohydrogenation rate of milk fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2020

S. Büyükkılıç Beyzi Open the ORCID record for S. Büyükkılıç Beyzi [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Gorgulu ,
H. R. Kutlu  and
Y. Konca
S. Büyükkılıç Beyzi*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
M. Gorgulu
Affiliation:
Retired Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
H. R. Kutlu
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
Y. Konca
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
*
Author for correspondence: S. Büyükkılıç Beyzi, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of fish or palm oil diets with different roughage levels on dairy performance, milk physicochemical composition and apparent transfer efficiency of fatty acids (FA) in goat milk. The experiment was conducted with 40 Aleppo goats with a mean parity of 2.53 ± 0.8 (multiparous), mean initial body weight of 47.23 kg and 25 ± 5 days in milk which were allocated to four (2 × 2) experimental diets with two oil sources (fish or palm oil) at 25.6 g/kg of dietary dry matter and forage levels (400 or 600 g/kg). The experimental data were analysed by repeated measures analysis, using the MIXED procedure. The concentrations of saturated FA decreased with high forage level and fish oil diets; however, the fish oil diets caused an increase in C14 saturated FA. Fish oil diets with high roughage levels more efficiently increased conjugated linoleic acid, n-6 (18 : 2), and n-3 (20 : 5). The apparent transfer efficiency of 18 : 1, 18 : 2, 18 : 3 and 20 : 5 decreased and the transfer efficiency of 22 : 6 increased with the use of fish oil in the diet. The roughage level did not affect the apparent transfer efficiency of 18 : 1 and 18 : 2, but the low roughage level increased the apparent transfer efficiency of 20 : 5. High roughage diets improved milk quality parameters through increasing eicosapentaenoic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA/saturated FA and atherogenicity index, thus it was concluded that dietary roughage level could be considered as an important designator of milk quality when a supplement of fish oil and palm oil was supplied to goats.

Keywords

Atherogenicity indexconjugated linoleic acidfish oilgoat milkpalm oil
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 158 , Issue 4 , May 2020 , pp. 288 - 296
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

AOAC (1990) Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 15th Edn. Arlington, VA, USA: AOAC International.Google Scholar
Belury, MA, Mahon, A and Banni, S (2003) The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer, t10c12–CLA, is inversely associated with changes in body weight and serum leptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Nutrition 133, 257–260.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bernard, L, Shingfield, KJ, Rouel, J, Ferlay, A and Chilliard, Y (2009) Effect of plant oils in the diet on performance and milk fatty acid composition in goats fed diets based on grass hay or maize silage. British Journal of Nutrition 101, 213–224.10.1017/S0007114508006533CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bernard, L, Mouriot, J, Rouel, J, Glasser, F, Capitan, P, Pujos-Guillot, E, Chardigny, JM and Chilliard, Y (2010) Effects of fish oil and starch added to a diet containing sunflower-seed oil on dairy goat performance, milk fatty acid composition and in vivo Δ9-desaturation of [13C] vaccenic acid. British Journal of Nutrition 104, 346–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernard, L, Toral, P, Rouel, J and Chilliard, Y (2016) Effects of extruded linseed and level and type of starchy concentrate in a diet containing fish oil on dairy goat performance and milk fatty acid composition. Animal Feed Science and Technology 222, 31–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Capper, JL, Wilkinson, RG, Mackenzie, AM and Sinclair, LA (2007) The effect of fish oil supplementation of pregnant and lactating ewes on milk production and lamb performance. Animal: An International Journal of Animal Bioscience 1, 889–898.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y and Ferlay, A (2004) Dietary lipids and forages interactions on cow and goat milk fatty acid composition and sensory properties. Reproduction Nutrition Development 44, 467–492.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y, Ferlay, A, Rouel, J and Lamberett, G (2003) A review of nutritional and physiological factors affecting goat milk lipid synthesis and lipolysis. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 1751–1770.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y, Rouel, J and Guillouet, P (2013) Goat alpha-s1 casein genotype interacts with the effect of extruded linseed feeding on milk fat yield, fatty acid composition, and post-milking lipolysis. Animal Feed Science and Technology 185, 140–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chornobai, CA, Damasceno, JC, Visentainer, JV, De Souza, NE and Matsushita, M (1999) Physical-chemical composition of in natura goat milk from cross Saanen throughout lactation period. Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición 49, 283–286.Google ScholarPubMed
Devery, R, Miller, A and Stanton, C (2001) Conjugated linoleic acid and oxidative behaviour in cancer cells. Biochemical Society Transactions 29, 341–345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donovan, DC, Schingoethe, DJ, Baer, RJ, Ryali, J, Hippen, AR and Franklin, ST (2000) Influence of dietary fish oil on conjugated linoleic acid and other fatty acids in milk fat from lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 83, 2620–2628.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M and Chilliard, Y (1997) Digestion and metabolism of dietary fat in farm animals. British Journal of Nutrition 78, 15–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M and Ferlay, A (1994) Digestion and utilization of fatty acids by ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 45, 379–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eknæs, M, Chilliard, Y, Hove, K, Inglingstad, RA, Bernard, L and Volden, H (2017) Feeding of palm oil fatty acids or rapeseed oil throughout lactation: effects on energy status, body composition, and milk production in Norwegian dairy goats. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 7588–7601.10.3168/jds.2017-12768CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franklin, ST, Martin, KR, Baer, RJ, Schingoethe, DJ and Hippen, AR (1999) Dietary marine algae (Schizochytrium sp.) increases concentrations of conjugated linoleic, docosahexaenoic and transvaccenic acids in milk of dairy cows. Journal of Nutrition 129, 2048–2054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gama, MAS, Garnsworthy, PC, Griinari, JM, Leme, PR, Rodrigues, PHM, Souza, LWO and Lanna, DPD (2008) Diet-induced milk fat depression: association with changes in milk fatty acid composition and fluidity of milk fat. Livestock Science 115, 319–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glasser, F, Ferlay, A, Doreau, M, Schmidely, P, Sauvant, D and Chilliard, Y (2008) Long-chain fatty acid metabolism in dairy cows: a meta-analysis of milk fatty acid yield in relation to duodenal flows and de novo synthesis. Journal of Dairy Science 91, 2771–2785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griinari, JM and Bauman, DE (1999) Biosynthesis of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and its Incorporation Into Meat and Milk in Ruminants. Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research. Champaign, IL: AOCS Press, pp. 180–200.Google Scholar
Griinari, JM, Dwyer, DA, McGuire, MA, Bauman, DE, Palmquist, DL and Nurmela, KVV (1998) Trans-octadecenoic acids and milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 81, 1251–1261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harfoot, CG and Hazlewood, GP. (1997) Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In Hobson, PN and Hobson, CS (eds). The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 285–426.Google Scholar
Hawke, JC (1973) Lipids. In Butler, GW, Bailey, RW (eds), Chemistry and Biochemistry of Herbage. New York: Academic Press, pp. 213–263.Google Scholar
Ip, C, Briggs, SP, Haegele, AD, Thompson, HJ, Storkson, J and Scimeca, JA (1996) The efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid in mammary cancer prevention is independent of level or type of fat in the diet. Carcinogenesis 17, 1045–1050.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jenness, R (1980) Composition and characteristics of goat milk: review 1968−1979. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 1605–1630.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)83125-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keady, TW, Mayne, CS and Fitzpatrick, DA (2000) Effects of supplementation of dairy cattle with fish oil on silage intake, milk yield, and milk composition. Journal of Dairy Research 67, 137–153.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kitessa, SM, Gulati, SK, Ashes, JR, Fleck, E, Scott, TW and Nichols, PD (2001) Utilization of fish oil in ruminants – II. Transfer of fish oil fatty acids into goats' milk. Animal Feed Science and Technology 89, 201–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klusmeyer, TH and Clark, JH (1991) Effects of dietary fat and protein on fatty acid flow to the duodenum and in milk produced by dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3055–3067.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lock, AL and Bauman, DE (2004) Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health. Lipids 39, 1197–1206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lock, AL and Shingfield, KJ (2004) Optimising milk composition. BSAP Occasional Publication 29, 107–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loor, JJ, Ueda, K, Ferlay, A, Chilliard, Y and Doreau, M (2005) Intestinal flow and digestibility of trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet supplemented with fish oil, linseed oil, or sunflower oil. Animal Feed Science and Technology 119, 203–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macdonald, HB (2000) Conjugated linoleic acid and disease prevention: a review of current knowledge. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 19, 111–118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martínez Marín, AL, Gómez-Cortés, P, Gómez Castro, AG, Juárez, M, Pérez Alba, LM, Pérez Hernández, M and de la Fuente, MA (2011) Animal performance and milk fatty acid profile of dairy goats fed diets with different unsaturated plant oils. Journal of Dairy Science 94, 5359–5368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mele, M, Buccioni, A, Petacchi, F, Serra, A, Banni, S, Antongiovanni, M and Secchiari, P (2006) Effect of forage/concentrate ratio and soybean oil supplementation on milk yield, and composition from Sarda ewes. Animal Research 55, 273–285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mir, Z, Goonewardene, LA, Okine, E, Jaegar, S and Sceer, HD (1999) Effect of feeding canola oil on constituents, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and long chain fatty acids in goat milk. Small Ruminant Research: The Journal of the International Goat Association 33, 137–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morin, DE, Constable, PD, Maunsell, FP and McCoy, GC (2001) Factors associated with colostral specific gravity in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 84, 937–943.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mosley, SA, Mosley, EE, Hatch, B, Szasz, JI, Corato, A, Zacharias, N and McGuire, MA (2007) Effect of varying levels of fatty acids from palm oil on feed intake and milk production in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 90, 987–993.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murphy, M, Uden, P, Palmquist, DL and Wiktorsson, H (1987) Rumen and total diet digestibilities in lactating cows fed diets containing full-fat rapeseed. Journal of Dairy Science 70, 1572–1582.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Otaru, SM, Adamu, AM, Ehoche, OW and Makun, HJ (2011) Effects of varying the level of palm oil on feed intake, milk yield and composition and postpartum weight changes of Red Sokoto goats. Small Ruminant Research 96, 25–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palmquist, DL, Beaulieu, AD and Barbano, DM (1993) Feed and animal factors influencing milk fat composition. Journal of Dairy Science 76, 1753–1771.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pariza, MW, Park, Y and Cook, ME (1999) Conjugated linoleic acid and the control of cancer and obesity. Toxicological Sciences 52, 107–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piperova, LS, Sampugna, J, Teter, BB, Kalscheur, KF, Yurawecz, MP, Ku, Y and Erdman, RA (2002) Duodenal and milk trans octadecenoic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers indicate that post absorptive synthesis is the predominant source of cis-9-containing CLA in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Nutrition 132, 1235–1241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pirondini, M, Colombini, S, Mele, M, Malagutti, L, Rapetti, L, Galassi, G and Crovetto, GM (2015) Effect of dietary starch concentration and fish oil supplementation on milk yield and composition, diet digestibility, and methane emissions in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 357–372.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ritzenthaler, KL, McGuire, MK, Falen, R, Shultz, TD, Dasgupta, N and McGuire, MA (2001) Estimation of conjugated linoleic acid intake by written dietary assessment methodologies underestimates actual intake evaluated by food duplicate methodology. Journal of Nutrition 131, 1548–1554.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanz Sampelayo, MR, Chilliard, Y, Schmidely, P and Boza, J (2007) Influence of type of diet on the fat constituents of goat and sheep milk. Small Ruminant Research: The Journal of the International Goat Association 68, 42–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidely, P and Andrade, PVD (2011) Dairy performance and milk fatty acid composition of dairy goats fed high or low concentrate diet in combination with soybeans or canola seed supplementation. Small Ruminant Research 99, 135–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shingfield, KJ, Ahvenjärvi, S, Toivonen, V, Äröla, A, Nurmela, KVV, Huhtanen, P and Griinari, JM (2003) Effect of dietary fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Animal Science 77, 165–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shingfield, KJ, Reynolds, CK, Lupoli, B, Toivonen, V, Yurawecz, MP, Delmonte, P, Griinari, JM, Grandison, AS and Beever, DE (2005) Effect of forage type and proportion of concentrate in the diet on milk fatty acid composition in cows given sunflower oil and fish oil. Animal Science 80, 225–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simopoulos, AP (2008) The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Experimental Biology and Medicine 233, 674–688.10.3181/0711-MR-311CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sutton, JD (1989) Altering milk composition by feeding. Journal of Dairy Science 72, 2801–2814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toral, PG, Frutos, P, Hervás, G, Gómez-Cortés, P, Juárez, M and de la Fuente, MA (2010) Changes in milk fatty acid profile and animal performance in response to fish oil supplementation, alone or in combination with sunflower oil, in dairy ewes. Journal of Dairy Science 93, 1604–1615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Toral, PG, Rouel, J, Bernard, L and Chilliard, Y (2014) Interaction between fish oil and plant oils or starchy concentrates in the diet: effects on dairy performance and milk fatty acid composition in goats. Animal Feed Science and Technology 198, 67–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tudisco, R, Grossi, M, Addi, L, Musco, N, Cutrignelli, MI, Calabrò, S and Infascelli, F (2014) Fatty Acid Profile and CLA Content of Goat Milk: Influence of Feeding System. J Food Res 3, 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ulbricht, TLV and Southgate, DAT (1991) Coronary heart disease: seven dietary factors. Lancet (London, England) 338, 985–992.10.1016/0140-6736(91)91846-MCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weimer, P, Stevenson, D and Mertens, D (2010) Shifts in bacterial community composition in the rumen of lactating dairy cows under milk fat-depressing conditions. Journal of Dairy Science 93, 265–278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wright, TC, Holub, BJ and McBride, BW (1999) Apparent transfer efficiency of docosahexaenoic acid from diet to milk in dairy cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, 565–568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, Z and Huber, JT (1994) Relationship between dietary fat supplementation and milk protein concentration in lactating cows: a review. Livestock Production Science 39, 141–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar