Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:12:21.072Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of temperature, water input and length of growing season on sugar beet yield in five locations in Greece

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2013

J. T. TSIALTAS  and
N. MASLARIS
J. T. TSIALTAS*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
N. MASLARIS
Affiliation:
Hellenic Sugar Industry SA, Agronomic Research Service, 574 00 Sindos, Greece
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

From 1999 to 2006, 36 field experiments were conducted in five sugar beet growing areas in Greece (Larissa, Plati, Serres, Xanthi and Orestiada) to monitor yield. Locations differed significantly regarding thermal variables during the growing season with Xanthi having the most favourable thermal conditions (Tmax, average daily maximum temperature; Tmean, average daily mean temperature; GDD, growing degree days) for sugar beet growth. From early June to the end of the harvesting campaign, successive harvests were conducted. Over the years, fresh root weight and sugar yield at the last harvest of the season (FRWLH, SYLH) did not differ significantly among locations. Also, there were no significant differences among locations regarding GDD for maximum FRW and SY (GDDMFRW, GDDMSY), with the means over location estimated at 2639·9 and 2792·5 °C, respectively. Days after seeding (DAS) necessary for maximum yield (DASMFRW, DASMSY, respectively) differed among locations, with the longest period (DASMFRW 206·4 days, DASMSY: 204·5 days) occurring in the northernmost location (Orestiada). Means for DASMFRW and DASMSY at the five locations were estimated at 190·4 and 188·9·days, respectively. Excluding Xanthi and combining the remaining locations, FRWLH and SYLH were negatively correlated with the average temperatures (Tmean, Tmax and Tmin, daily minimum temperature) over the growing season. The opposite was evident for Xanthi where sugar beet was grown under sub-optimal temperatures. The optimum mean Tmax of the five locations was estimated at 25·5 and 25·1 °C for FRWLH and SYLH, respectively. Elongation of the growing season, by means of early sowing, would increase yield by decreasing average temperatures (Tmean, Tmax) over the growing season in locations with the highest recorded temperatures (Larissa, Plati, Serres and Orestiada). In Xanthi, the projected temperature increase, as a result of climate change, is expected to have a positive effect on yields.

Type
Climate Change and Agriculture Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 152 , Issue 2 , April 2014 , pp. 177 - 187
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Analogides, D. A. (1993). Estimating sugar beet irrigation requirements on the basis of climatic parameters in Greece: results and conclusions from a six year experimental study (1980–1985). In Proceeding of IIRB Congress, Brussels, vol. 56, pp. 259–269.Google Scholar
Bakker, J. C. & Van Uffelen, J. A. M. (1988). The effects of diurnal temperature regimes on growth and yield of glasshouse sweet pepper. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 36, 201–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellin, D., Schulz, B., Soerensen, T. R., Salamini, F. & Schneider, K. (2007). Transcript profiles at different growth stages and tap-root zones identify correlated developmental and metabolic pathways of sugar beet. Journal of Experimental Botany 58, 699–715.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chloupek, O., Hrstkova, P. & Schweigert, P. (2004). Yield and its stability, crop diversity, adaptability and response to climate change, weather and fertilisation over 75 years in the Czech Republic in comparison to some European countries. Field Crops Research 85, 167–190.Google Scholar
D'ambrosio, N., Arena, C. & De Santo, A. V. (2006). Temperature response of photosynthesis, excitation energy dissipation and alternative electron sinks to carbon assimilation in Beta vulgaris L. Environmental and Experimental Botany 55, 248–257.Google Scholar
Donatelli, M., Tubiello, F. N., Peruch, U. & Rosenzweig, C. (2002). Impacts of climate change and elevated CO2 on sugar beet production in northern and central Italy. Italian Journal of Agronomy 6, 133–142.Google Scholar
Durrant, M. J., Mash, S. J. & Jaggard, K. W. (1993). Effects of seed advancement and sowing date on establishment, bolting and yield of sugarbeet. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 121, 333–341.Google Scholar
Estrella, N., Sparks, T. H. & Menzel, A. (2007). Trends and temperature response in the phenology of crops in Germany. Global Change Biology 13, 1737–1747.Google Scholar
FAO (2012). Crop Water Information. Sugarbeet. Rome: FAO. Available online at http://www.fao.org/nr/water/cropinfo_sugarbeet.html (accessed 4 November 2012).Google Scholar
Hergert, G. W. (2010). Sugar beet fertilization. Sugar Tech 12, 256–266.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, C. M., Huijbregts, T., Van Swaaij, N. & Jansen, R. (2009). Impact of different environments in Europe on yield and quality of sugar beet genotypes. European Journal of Agronomy 30, 17–26.Google Scholar
Jaggard, K. W. & Qi, A. (2006). Agronomy. In Sugar Beet (Ed. Draycott, A. P.), pp. 134–168. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.Google Scholar
Jaggard, K. W., Qi, A. & Semenov, M. A. (2007). The impact of climate change on sugar beet yield in the UK: 1976–2004. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 145, 367–375.Google Scholar
Jones, P. D., Lister, D. H., Jaggard, K. W. & Pidgeon, J. D. (2003). Future climate impact on the productivity of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in Europe. Climatic Change 58, 93–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaukoranta, T. & Hakala, K. (2008). Impact of spring warming on sowing times of cereal, potato and sugar beet in Finland. Agricultural and Food Science 17, 165–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenter, C., Hoffmann, C. M. & Märländer, B. (2006). Effects of weather variables on sugar beet yield development (Beta vulgaris L.). European Journal of Agronomy 24, 62–69.Google Scholar
Kincaid, D. C., Westermann, D. T. & Trout, T. J. (1993). Irrigation and soil temperature effects on Russet Burbank quality. American Journal of Potato Research 70, 711–723.Google Scholar
Klepper, B., Rickman, R. W., Zuzel, J. F. & Waldman, S. E. (1988). Use of growing degree days to project sample dates for cereal crops. Agronomy Journal 80, 850–852.Google Scholar
Launay, M., Graux, A.-I., Brisson, N. & Guerif, M. (2009). Carbohydrate remobilization from storage root to leaves after a stress release in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.): experimental and modelling approaches. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 147, 669–682.Google Scholar
Mahan, J. R., Mcmichael, B. L. & Wanjura, D. F. (1995). Methods for reducing the adverse effects of temperature stress on plants: a review. Environmental and Experimental Botany 35, 251–258.Google Scholar
Malnou, C. S., Jaggard, K. W. & Sparkes, D. L. (2008). Nitrogen fertilizer and the efficiency of the sugar beet crop in late summer. European Journal of Agronomy 28, 47–56.Google Scholar
Mamolos, A. P. (2006). Temporal differentiation in maximum biomass and nutrient accumulation rates in two coexisting annual plant species. Journal of Arid Environments 64, 377–389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Märländer, B., Hoffmann, C., Koch, H.-J., Ladewig, E., Merkes, R., Petersen, J. & Stockfisch, N. (2003). Environmental situation and yield performance of the sugar beet crop in Germany: heading for sustainable development. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 189, 201–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matzarakis, A., Ivanova, D., Balafoutis, C. & Makrogiannis, T. (2007). Climatology of growing degree days in Greece. Climate Research 34, 233–240.Google Scholar
Milford, G. F. J. & Thorne, G. N. (1973). The effect of light and temperature late in the season on the growth of sugar beet. Annals of Applied Biology 75, 419–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milford, G. F. J., Pocock, T. O. & Riley, J. (1985). An analysis of leaf growth in sugar beet. I. Leaf appearance and expansion in relation to temperature under controlled conditions. Annals of Applied Biology 106, 163–172.Google Scholar
Morillo-Velarde, R. & Ober, E. S. (2006). Water use and irrigation. In Sugar Beet (Ed. Draycott, P. A.), pp. 221–255. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niwa, K., Seino, N., Yokobori, J., Kikuchi, K. & Hongo, C. (2008). Effect of soil type on the time-course of changes in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) productivity in Tokachi District, Hokkaido, Japan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 54, 928–937.Google Scholar
Peltonen-Sainio, P., Jauhiainen, L. & Hakala, K. (2009). Are there indications of climate change induced increases in variability of major field crops in the northernmost European conditions? Agricultural and Food Science 18, 206–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, A. & Jaggard, K. W. (2006). Partitioning climatic drought into effects of water stress and hot temperature in the UK. Sugar Industry 131, 412–415.Google Scholar
Qi, A., Kenter, C., Hoffmann, C. & Jaggard, K. W. (2005). The Broom's Barn sugar beet growth model and its adaptation to soils with varied available water content. European Journal of Agronomy 23, 108–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, G. M., Jaggard, K. W. & Mitchell, R. A. C. (2001). Modelling radiation interception and radiation use efficiency for sugar beet under variable climatic stress. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 109, 13–25.Google Scholar
Richter, G. M., Qi, A., Semenov, M. A. & Jaggard, K. W. (2006). Modelling the variability of UK sugar beet yields under climate change and husbandry adaptations. Soil Use and Management 22, 39–47.Google Scholar
Rinaldi, M. & Vonella, A. V. (2006). The response of autumn and spring sown sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to irrigation in Southern Italy: water and radiation use efficiency. Field Crops Research 95, 103–114.Google Scholar
Scott, R. K., English, S. D., Wood, D. W. & Unsworth, M. H. (1973). The yield of sugar beet in relation to weather and length of growing season. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 81, 339–347.Google Scholar
Snedecor, G. W. & Cochran, W. G. (1989). Statistical Methods. 8th edn.Ames, IA: The Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Spitters, C. J. T., Kiewiet, B. & Schiphouwer, T. (1990). A weather-based yield-forecasting model for sugar beet. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 38, 731–735.Google Scholar
Swan, J. B., Schneider, E. C., Moncrief, J. F., Paulson, W. H. & Peterson, A. E. (1987). Estimating corn growth, yield, and grain moisture from air growing degree days and residue cover. Agronomy Journal 79, 53–60.Google Scholar
Tsialtas, J. T. & Maslaris, N. (2008). Seasonal trends and relationships of light, temperature and leaf physiological traits of sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.) grown under semi-arid, Mediterranean conditions. International Journal of Plant Production 2, 223–242.Google Scholar
Ulrich, A. (1955). Influence of night temperature and nitrogen nutrition on the growth, sucrose accumulation and leaf minerals of sugar beet plants. Plant Physiology 30, 250–257.Google Scholar
Yadollahi, A. & Asadiyeh, Z. S. (2009). Some physiological parameters and sugar concentration changing of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under controlled climatical conditions. Asian Journal of Crop Science 1, 49–57.Google Scholar
Zalom, F. G., Goodell, P. B., Wilson, L. T., Barnett, W. W. & Bentley, W. J. (1983). Degree-Days: the Calculation and Use of Heat Units in Pest Management. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Leaflet UC-DANR 21373. Davis, CA: University of California.Google Scholar