Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T00:42:43.678Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of certain feedingstuffs on rumen ciliate protozoa in vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

T. Michalowski
T. Michalowski
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology Zoological Institute, Warsaw University, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02·089 Warszawa, Poland
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Meadow hay and mixed food containing 13·3 or 26·9% of concentrates were used for culturing ciliates taken from the rumen of water buffalo. The culture medium was the sterilized rumen fluid or a solution of mineral salts. The cultures were mixed every 24h and one-half of the contents of each culture flask was transferred to an equal volume of fresh medium containing the appropriate food.

Anoplodinium denticulatum and seven species of Entodinium were the only protozoa which survived until the end of the experiment, but to maintain them on food containing 26·9% of concentrates an alkaline or neutral medium was required. Using rumen fluid and mineral medium the total number of protozoa was on average, respectively: 2·7 x 103 and 2·2 x 103/ml in cultures on hay only; 9·4 x 103 and 17·5 x 103/ml in cultures on food containing 26·9% of concentrates; and 14·0 x 103 and 17·;8 x 103/ml in cultures on food containing 13·3% of concentrates. Entodinium formed 66·6 and 72·5%; 95·5 and 91·8%; and 96·1 and 97·7% of the total counts. In cultures on hay alone there were 33·4 and 27·5% of Anoplodinium denticulatum, while they formed only 4·5 and 8·2% and 3·9 and 2·3% in cultures on food containing 26·9 and 13·3% of concentrates respectively.

The relation between number of ciliates and composition of food only partly agreed with the relation found previously under natural conditions. Changes in pH of the medium would appear to be the chief cause.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 85 , Issue 1 , August 1975 , pp. 151 - 158
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1975

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bryant, M. P. & Small, N. (1960). Observation on the nominal microorganisms of isolated and inoculated calves. Journal of Dairy Science 43, 654–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ciemochowska-Mazik, J. (1956). The ability of Entodinium longinucleatum Dog. to exploit starch. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 4, 147–62.Google Scholar
Clarke, T. T. J. (1963). The cultivation of some rumen oligotrich protozoa. Journal of General Microbiology 33, 401–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clarke, R. T. J. & Hungate, R. E. (1966). Culture of the rumen holotrich ciliate Dasytricha ruminantium Schuberg. Applied Microbiology 14, 340–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coleman, G. S. (1958). Maintenance of oligotrieh protozoa from the sheep rumen in vitro. Nature, London 182, 1104–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coleman, G. S. (1960). The cultivation of sheep rumen oligotrich protozoa in vitro. Journal of General Microbiology 22, 555–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coleman, G. S. (1964). The metabolism of Escherichia coli and other bacteria by Entodinium caudatum. Journal of General Microbiology 37, 209–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coleman, G. S. (1969). The cultivation of the rumen ciliate Entodinium simplex. Journal of General Microbiology 57, 81–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coleman, G. S., Davies, J. I. & Cash, M. A. (1972). The cultivation of rumen oiliates Epidinium ecaudatum and Polyplastron multivesiculatum in vitro. Journal of General Microbiology 73, 509–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eadie, J. M. (1962). The development of rumen microbial populations in lambs and calves under various conditions of management. Journal of General Microbiology 29, 563–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Einszporn, T. (1961). Effect of protein on population size of Entodinium longinucleatum Dogiel in cultures. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 9, 193–209.Google Scholar
Grądzka-Majewska, I. (1961). The ability of Anoplodinium denticulatum Dogiel to utilize some plants. Ada Parasitologica Polonica 9, 169–91.Google Scholar
Gutierrez, J. (1958). Observations on the bacterial feeding by the rumen ciliate Isotricha prostoma. Journal of Protozoology 5, 122–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutierrez, J. & Davies, R. E. (1962). Culture and metabolism of the rumen ciliate Epidinium ecaudatum Crawley. Applied Microbiology 10, 305–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hungate, R. E. (1942). The culture of Eudiplodinium neglectum, with experiments on the digestion of cellulose. Biological Bulletin 83, 303–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mah, R. A. (1964). Factors influencing the in vitro culture of the rumen ciliate Ophryoscolex purkynei Stain. Journal of Protozoology 11, 546–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michalowski, T. (1975). Effect of different diets on the diurnal concentrations of ciliate protozoa in the rumen of water buffalo. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 85, 145–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oxford, A. E. (1955). The rumen ciliate protozoa: their chemical composition, metabolism, requirements for maintenance and culture, and physiological significance for the host. Experimental Parasitology 4, 569–605.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Purser, D. B. & Moir, R. J. (1959). Ruminal flora studies in the sheep. IX. The effect of the pH on the ciliates population of the rumen in vivo. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 10, 555–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purser, D. B. & Weiser, H. H. (1963). Influence of time of addition of antibiotic on the life of rumen holotrich protozoa in vitro. Nature, London 200, 290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Quinn, L. Y., Burroughs, W. & Christiansen, W. C. (1962). Continuous culture of ruminal microorganisms in chemically denned medium. Applied Microbiology 10, 583–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sugden, B. & Oxford, A. E. (1952). Some cultural studies with holotrich ciliate protozoa of sheep's rumen. Journal of General Microbiology 7, 145–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed