Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2xdlg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-05T02:46:19.979Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A comparison of ryegrass populations from intensively managed permanent pastures and leys

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. H. Charles
A. H. Charles
Affiliation:
Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Aberystwyth
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Ryegrass populations collected from intensively used swards, both leys and permanent pastures, were compared under spaced plant and sward conditions.

On average, the bred ryegrasses were higher yielding, more resistant to crown rust, and more persistent under intensive conditions than the permanent pasture populations, but there was no significant difference in cold-resistance between these two groups.

The potential yield of dry matter of the best of the permanent pasture populations was similar to that of the highest-yielding leys. Several of even the most intensively used pastures were, however, dominated by ryegrass that was not nearly as high yielding as the best of the bred varieties. In addition to differences in yield of dry matter, there was a wide range in persistency, resistance to low temperature and crown rust (Puccinia coronata), as well as in mean date and variance of inflorescence emergence and in yield of digestible organic matter in dry matter (DOMD). Thus, no one type of ryegrass could be associated with permanent pastures, even when the sample was restricted to a narrow range of managements associated with intensive use.

Some of the highest-yielding swards were based on complex mixtures of ryegrass cultivars; this might give rise to difficulty in relating management to stage of maturity and in predicting the composition of the sward established.

A comparison of survivor material derived from S·23 leys revealed no difference in yield of dry matter or DOMD under sward conditions. Other data, however, showed that the populations differed in yield as spaced plants, rust resistance, cold-hardiness, persistency and date and variance of inflorescence emergence.

There was no indication of ryegrass yield decreasing with the age of the ley from which the plants were derived.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 81 , Issue 1 , August 1973 , pp. 99 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Breese, E. L. & Charles, A. H. (1962). Population studies in ryegrass. Rep. Welsh PL Breed. Sin for 1961, pp. 30–34.Google Scholar
Charles, A. H. & Crampton, C. B. (1963). Selection pressures operating on grass populations. In Soil Moisture. Welsh Soils Disc. Group Rep. no. 4, pp. 89–96.Google Scholar
Charles, A. H. (1966). Variation in grass and clover population in response to agronomic selection pressures. Proc. Xth Int. Grassld Congr., Helsinki, pp. 625–9.Google Scholar
Charles, A. H. (1970). Ryegrass populations from intensively managed leys. I. Seedling and spaced plant characters. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 75, 103–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charles, A. H. (1972). Ryegrass populations from intensively managed leys. III. Reaction to management, nitrogen application and Poa trivialisL. in field trials. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 79, 205–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, J. P. (1970). Biological potential of an established sward. Rep. Welsh PI. Breed. Stn for 1919–1969, pp. 160–3.Google Scholar
Davies, W. & Williams, T. E. (1948). Animal production from leys and permanent grass. Jl R. agric. Soc., 109, 148–65.Google Scholar
Davies, W. & Williams, T. E. (1954). Cattle fattening on permanent grass and leys. Jl R. agric. Soc. 115, 98–111.Google Scholar
Davies, W. E. (1954). Shift in a late-flowering strain of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Proc. Eur. Grassld Congr., O. E. E. C., Paris, pp. 102–6.Google Scholar
Lorenzetti, F., Tyler, B. F., Cooper, J. P. & Breese, E. L. (1971). Cold tolerance and winter hardiness in Lolium perenne. 1. Development of screening techniques for cold tolerance and survey of geographical variation. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 76, 199–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mudd, C. H. & Meadowcroft, S. C. (1964). Comparison between the improvement of pastures by the use of fertilizers and by reseeding. Expl Husb. 10, 66–84.Google Scholar
Rhodes, I. (1969). The yield, canopy structure and light interception of two ryegrass varieties in mixed culture and monoculture. J. Br. Grassld Soc. 24, 123–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilley, J. M. A. & Terry, R. A. (1963). A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. J. Br. Grassld Soc. 18, 104–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar