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The combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer and sowing season on response to water-limited stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2021

S. Bardehji ,
H. R. Eshghizadeh Open the ORCID record for H. R. Eshghizadeh [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Zahedi ,
M. R. Sabzalian  and
M. Gheisari
S. Bardehji
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
H. R. Eshghizadeh*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
M. Zahedi
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
M. R. Sabzalian
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
M. Gheisari
Affiliation:
Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
*
Author for correspondence: H. R. Eshghizadeh, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

A field experiment was carried out for over two seasons (autumn and spring) as a split–split plot scheme based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots included two irrigation levels of the maximum available water depletion (maximum allowable depletion (MAD)) of 55 and 85% as non-stress and drought-stress environments, respectively, and the subplot accommodated two levels of nitrogen (0 and 62.5 kg N/ha, urea fertilizer); also, 20 barley genotypes were assigned to the sub-subplots. The biplot analysis of both sowing seasons showed that grain yield (GY) had a high positive correlation with total biomass (TB), whereas it had a high negative correlation with proline and total soluble carbohydrate as drought-tolerance-determinant characteristics. The genotypes which had the lowest and highest GY ranked significantly (P ≤ 0.01) different with changing the sowing season under each irrigation level, indicating a larger plant interaction and non-stability in response to the season change (about two-fold), as compared to the change in the irrigation conditions. It could also be concluded that barley genotypes might experience a higher decrease in GY and sensitivity to water deficit in the autumn sowing season, as compared to the spring planting season, which was also intensified by nitrogen application. However, the response to nitrogen application depends on the plant genotype.

Keywords

Droughtfood securitygenetic diversityproline contentstress tolerance index
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 159 , Issue 1-2 , January 2021 , pp. 31 - 49
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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