Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T13:47:14.244Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Soil quality indicators as influenced by 5-year diversified and monoculture cropping systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2020

H. Feng ,
G. O. Abagandura Open the ORCID record for G. O. Abagandura [Opens in a new window] ,
S. Senturklu ,
D. G. Landblom ,
L. Lai ,
K. Ringwall  and
S. Kumar
H. Feng
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 57007
G. O. Abagandura*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 57007
S. Senturklu
Affiliation:
Dickinson Research Extension Center, North Dakota State University, Dickinson, North Dakota, 58061 Department of Animal Science, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, BMYO, Çanakkale, Turkey
D. G. Landblom
Affiliation:
Dickinson Research Extension Center, North Dakota State University, Dickinson, North Dakota, 58061
L. Lai
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 57007 Department of Agronomy, Hetao College, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia015000, China
K. Ringwall
Affiliation:
Dickinson Research Extension Center, North Dakota State University, Dickinson, North Dakota, 58061 Livestock and Forage Centre of Excellence, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKS7N 5B4Canada
S. Kumar
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 57007
*
Author for correspondence: G. O. Abagandura, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Increasing crop diversity has been highly recommended because of its environmental and economic benefits. However, the impacts of crop diversity on soil properties are not well documented. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the impacts of crop diversity on selected soil quality indicators. The cropping systems investigated here included wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown continuously for 5 years as mono-cropping (MC), and a 5-year cropping sequence [(wheat–cover crop (CC)–corn (Zea mays L.)–pea (Pisum sativum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)–sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)]. Each crop was present every year. This study was conducted in the northern Great Plains of North America, and soil quality data were collected for 2016 and 2017. Selected soil quality indicators that include: soil pH, organic carbon (SOC), cold water-extractable C (CWC) and N (CWN), hot water-extractable C (HWC) and N (HWN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), bulk density (BD), water retention (SWR), wet soil aggregate stability (WAS), and urease and β-glucoside enzyme activity were measured after the completion of 5-year rotation cycle and the following year. Crop diversity did not affect soil pH, CWC, CWN, HWC, HWN and SWR. Cropping systems that contained CC increased SOC at shallow depths compared to the systems that did not have CC. Crop diversity increased WAS, MBC, and urease and β-glucoside enzyme activity compared with the MC. Comparison of electrical conductivity (EC) measured in this study to the baseline values at the research site prior to the establishment of treatments revealed that crop rotation decreased EC over time. Results indicate that crop diversity can improve soil quality, thus promoting sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

Enzyme activitymicrobial biomass carbonsoil bulk densitysoil organic carbonsoil quality
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 158 , Issue 7 , September 2020 , pp. 594 - 605
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abagandura, GO, Şentürklü, S, Singh, N, Kumar, S, Landblom, DG and Ringwall, K (2019) Impacts of crop rotational diversity and grazing under integrated crop-livestock system on soil surface greenhouse gas fluxes. PLoS ONE 14, e0217069.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acosta-Martínez, V, Zobeck, T, Gill, T and Kennedy, A (2003) Enzyme activities and microbial community structure in semiarid agricultural soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils 38, 216–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adetunji, AT, Lewu, FB, Mulidzi, R and Ncube, B (2017) The biological activities of β-glucosidase, phosphatase and urease as soil quality indicators: a review. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 17, 794–807.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ajwa, H, Dell, CJ and Rice, C (1999) Changes in enzyme activities and microbial biomass of tallgrass prairie soil as related to burning and nitrogen fertilization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 31, 769–777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Al-Kaisi, MM, Yin, X and Licht, MA (2005) Soil carbon and nitrogen changes as affected by tillage system and crop biomass in a corn–soybean rotation. Applied Soil Ecology 30, 174–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alhameid, A, Ibrahim, M, Kumar, S, Sexton, P and Schumacher, T (2017) Soil organic carbon changes impacted by crop rotational diversity under no-till farming in South Dakota, USA. Soil Science Society of America Journal 81, 868–877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aller, D, Mazur, R, Moore, K, Hintz, R, Laird, D and Horton, R (2017) Biochar age and crop rotation impacts on soil quality. Soil Science Society of America Journal 81, 1157–1167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balota, EL, Colozzi Filho, A, Andrade, DS and Dick, RP (2004 a) Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on microbial biomass and C and N mineralization in a Brazilian Oxisol. Soil and Tillage Research 77, 137–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balota, EL, Kanashiro, M, Colozzi Filho, A, Andrade, DS and Dick, RP (2004 b) Soil enzyme activities under long-term tillage and crop rotation systems in subtropical agro-ecosystems. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 35, 300–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bardgett, RD, Freeman, C and Ostle, NJ (2008) Microbial contributions to climate change through carbon cycle feedbacks. The ISME Journal 2, 805–814.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, T, Joergensen, R, Kandeler, E, Makeschin, F, Nuss, E, Oberholzer, H and Scheu, S (1997) An inter-laboratory comparison of ten different ways of measuring soil microbial biomass C. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 29, 1023–1032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhattacharyya, R, Prakash, V, Kundu, S, Srivastva, A and Gupta, H (2009) Soil aggregation and organic matter in a sandy clay loam soil of the Indian Himalayas under different tillage and crop regimes. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 132, 126–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bongiorno, G, Bünemann, EK, Oguejiofor, CU, Meier, J, Gort, G, Comans, R, Mäder, P, Brussaard, L and de Goede, R (2019) Sensitivity of labile carbon fractions to tillage and organic matter management and their potential as comprehensive soil quality indicators across pedoclimatic conditions in Europe. Ecological Indicators 99, 38–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brockett, BF, Prescott, CE and Grayston, SJ (2012) Soil moisture is the major factor influencing microbial community structure and enzyme activities across seven biogeoclimatic zones in western Canada. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 44, 9–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchanan, M and King, LD (1993) Carbon and phosphorus losses from decomposing crop residues in no-till and conventional till agroecosystems. Agronomy Journal 85, 631–638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calonego, JC and Rosolem, CA (2008) Soil aggregate stability after management with crop rotation and chiseling. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 32, 1399–1407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chateil, C, Goldringer, I, Tarallo, L, Kerbiriou, C, Le Viol, I, Ponge, J-F, Salmon, S, Gachet, S and Porcher, E (2013) Crop genetic diversity benefits farmland biodiversity in cultivated fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 171, 25–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, H, Hou, R, Gong, Y, Li, H, Fan, M and Kuzyakov, Y (2009) Effects of 11 years of conservation tillage on soil organic matter fractions in wheat monoculture in Loess Plateau of China. Soil and Tillage Research 106, 85–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, S, Richer-de-Forges, AC, Saby, NP, Martin, MP, Walter, C and Arrouays, D (2018) Building a pedotransfer function for soil bulk density on regional dataset and testing its validity over a larger area. Geoderma 312, 52–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chu, H, Lin, X, Fujii, T, Morimoto, S, Yagi, K, Hu, J and Zhang, J (2007) Soil microbial biomass, dehydrogenase activity, bacterial community structure in response to long-term fertilizer management. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 39, 2971–2976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ciampitti, IA, García, FO, Picone, LI and Rubio, G (2011) Soil carbon and phosphorus pools in field crop rotations in pampean soils of Argentina. Soil Science Society of America Journal 75, 616–625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Congreves, K, Hayes, A, Verhallen, E and Van Eerd, L (2015) Long-term impact of tillage and crop rotation on soil health at four temperate agroecosystems. Soil and Tillage Research 152, 17–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, E. (2017). Evaluating the Impact of two Contrasting Tillage Practices on Soil Properties in Central Kentucky.Google Scholar
Dabney, S, Delgado, J and Reeves, D (2001) Using winter cover crops to improve soil and water quality. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32, 1221–1250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Moraes Sá, JC, Carlos, J, Cerri, CC, Dick, WA, Lal, R, Solismar Filho, PV, Piccolo, MC and Feigl, BE (2001) Organic matter dynamics and carbon sequestration rates for a tillage chronosequence in a Brazilian Oxisol. Soil Science Society of America Journal 65, 1486–1499.Google Scholar
De Vos, B, Van Meirvenne, M, Quataert, P, Deckers, J and Muys, B (2005) Predictive quality of pedotransfer functions for estimating bulk density of forest soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 69, 500–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dharmakeerthi, R and Thenabadu, M (2013) Urease activity in soils: a review. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 24.Google Scholar
Dick, W (1984) Influence of long-term tillage and crop rotation combinations on soil enzyme activities 1. Soil Science Society of America Journal 48, 569–574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drinkwater, LE, Wagoner, P and Sarrantonio, M (1998) Legume-based cropping systems have reduced carbon and nitrogen losses. Nature 396, 262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drury, C, Yang, X, Reynolds, W and Tan, C (2004) Influence of crop rotation and aggregate size on carbon dioxide production and denitrification. Soil and Tillage Research 79, 87–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eivazi, F and Tabatabai, M (1988) Glucosidases and galactosidases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 20, 601–606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eivazi, F, Bayan, M and Schmidt, K (2003) Select soil enzyme activities in the historic Sanborn Field as affected by long-term cropping systems. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 34, 2259–2275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feng, G, Sharratt, B and Young, F (2011) Influence of long-term tillage and crop rotations on soil hydraulic properties in the US Pacific Northwest. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 66, 233–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finney, D, Buyer, J and Kaye, JP (2017) Living cover crops have immediate impacts on soil microbial community structure and function. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 72, 361–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frasier, I, Noellemeyer, E, Figuerola, E, Erijman, L, Permingeat, H and Quiroga, A (2016) High quality residues from cover crops favor changes in microbial community and enhance C and N sequestration. Global Ecology and Conservation 6, 242–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fu, X, Wang, J, Sainju, UM and Liu, W (2017) Soil carbon fractions in response to long-term crop rotations in the Loess Plateau of China. Soil Science Society of America Journal 81, 503–513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gál, A, Vyn, TJ, Michéli, E, Kladivko, EJ and McFee, WW (2007) Soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation with long-term no-till versus moldboard plowing overestimated with tilled-zone sampling depths. Soil and Tillage Research 96, 42–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garcia, RA, Li, Y and Rosolem, CA (2013) Soil organic matter and physical attributes affected by crop rotation under no-till. Soil Science Society of America Journal 77, 1724–1731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghani, A, Dexter, M and Perrott, K (2003) Hot-water extractable carbon in soils: a sensitive measurement for determining impacts of fertilisation, grazing and cultivation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 35, 1231–1243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Govaerts, B, Mezzalama, M, Unno, Y, Sayre, KD, Luna-Guido, M, Vanherck, K, Dendooven, L and Deckers, J (2007) Influence of tillage, residue management, and crop rotation on soil microbial biomass and catabolic diversity. Applied Soil Ecology 37, 18–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregorich, E, Beare, M, Stoklas, U and St-Georges, P (2003) Biodegradability of soluble organic matter in maize-cropped soils. Geoderma 113, 237–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guimarães, DV, Gonzaga, MIS, da Silva, TO, da Silva, TL, da Silva Dias, N and Matias, MIS (2013) Soil organic matter pools and carbon fractions in soil under different land uses. Soil and Tillage Research 126, 177–182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gura, I and Mnkeni, PNS (2019) Crop rotation and residue management effects under no till on the soil quality of a Haplic Cambisol in Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Geoderma 337, 927–934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holeplass, H, Singh, B and Lal, R (2004) Carbon sequestration in soil aggregates under different crop rotations and nitrogen fertilization in an inceptisol in southeastern Norway. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 70, 167–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoss, M, Behnke, GD, Davis, AS, Nafziger, ED and Villamil, MB (2018) Short corn rotations do not improve soil quality, compared with corn monocultures. Agronomy Journal 110, 1274–1288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Irmak, S, Sharma, V, Mohammed, AT and Djaman, K (2018) Impacts of cover crops on soil physical properties: field capacity, permanent wilting point, soil-water holding capacity, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and infiltration. Transactions of the ASABE 61, 1307–1321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jandl, R and Sollins, P (1997) Water-extractable soil carbon in relation to the belowground carbon cycle. Biology and Fertility of Soils 25, 196–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarecki, M, Grant, B, Smith, W, Deen, B, Drury, C, VanderZaag, A, Qian, B, Yang, J and Wagner-Riddle, C (2018) Long-term trends in corn yields and soil carbon under diversified crop rotations. Journal of Environmental Quality 47, 635–643.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Juan, L, Zhao, B-q, Li, X-y, Jiang, R-b and Bing, SH (2008) Effects of long-term combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers on microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and soil fertility. Agricultural Sciences in China 7, 336–343.Google Scholar
Kabir, Z and Koide, R (2002) Effect of autumn and winter mycorrhizal cover crops on soil properties, nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in Pennsylvania, USA. Plant and Soil 238, 205–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalra, YP (1995) Determination of pH of soils by different methods: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International 78, 310–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kandeler, E and Gerber, H (1988) Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium. Biology and Fertility of Soils 6, 68–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karlen, DL, Hurley, EG, Andrews, SS, Cambardella, CA, Meek, DW, Duffy, MD and Mallarino, AP (2006) Crop rotation effects on soil quality at three northern corn/soybean belt locations. Agronomy Journal 98, 484–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kazula, M, Lauer, J and Arriaga, F (2017) Crop rotation effect on selected physical and chemical properties of Wisconsin soils. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 72, 553–563.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kemper, W and Rosenau, R (1986) Aggregate stability and size distribution.Google Scholar
Khaledian, Y, Kiani, F, Ebrahimi, S, Brevik, EC and Aitkenhead-Peterson, J (2017) Assessment and monitoring of soil degradation during land use change using multivariate analysis. Land Degradation & Development 28, 128–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, AE and Blesh, J (2018) Crop rotations for increased soil carbon: perenniality as a guiding principle. Ecological Applications 28, 249–261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klose, S and Tabatabai, M (2000) Urease activity of microbial biomass in soils as affected by cropping systems. Biology and Fertility of Soils 31, 191–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, M, Kundu, D, Ghorai, A, Mitra, S and Singh, S (2018) Carbon and nitrogen mineralization kinetics as influenced by diversified cropping systems and residue incorporation in Inceptisols of eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain. Soil and Tillage Research 178, 108–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lal, R (2015) Restoring soil quality to mitigate soil degradation. Sustainability 7, 5875–5895.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, KL, Burke, JA, Keeling, WS, McCallister, DM, DeLaune, PB and Keeling, JW (2018) Soil benefits and yield limitations of cover crop use in Texas high plains cotton. Agronomy Journal 110, 1616–1623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, J, Wen, Y, Li, X, Li, Y, Yang, X, Lin, Z, Song, Z, Cooper, JM and Zhao, B (2018) Soil labile organic carbon fractions and soil organic carbon stocks as affected by long-term organic and mineral fertilization regimes in the North China Plain. Soil and Tillage Research 175, 281–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liang, Q, Chen, H, Gong, Y, Fan, M, Yang, H, Lal, R and Kuzyakov, Y (2012) Effects of 15 years of manure and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon fractions in a wheat-maize system in the North China Plain. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 92, 21–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liang, S, Grossman, J and Shi, W (2014) Soil microbial responses to winter legume cover crop management during organic transition. European Journal of Soil Biology 65, 15–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, E, Yan, C, Mei, X, Zhang, Y and Fan, T (2013) Long-term effect of manure and fertilizer on soil organic carbon pools in dryland farming in northwest China. PLoS ONE 8, e56536.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lloyd, A and Sheaffe, MJ (1973) Urease activity in soils. Plant and Soil 39, 71–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loeppmann, S, Blagodatskaya, E, Pausch, J and Kuzyakov, Y (2016) Substrate quality affects kinetics and catalytic efficiency of exo-enzymes in rhizosphere and detritusphere. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 92, 111–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mbuthia, LW, Acosta-Martínez, V, DeBruyn, J, Schaeffer, S, Tyler, D, Odoi, E, Mpheshea, M, Walker, F and Eash, N (2015) Long term tillage, cover crop, and fertilization effects on microbial community structure, activity: implications for soil quality. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 89, 24–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCauley, A, Jones, C and Olson-Rutz, K (2017) Soil pH and Organic Matter.Google Scholar
McDaniel, M, Tiemann, L and Grandy, A (2014) Does agricultural crop diversity enhance soil microbial biomass and organic matter dynamics? A meta-analysis. Ecological Applications 24, 560–570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McVay, K, Budde, J, Fabrizzi, K, Mikha, M, Rice, C, Schlegel, A, Peterson, D, Sweeney, D and Thompson, C (2006) Management effects on soil physical properties in long-term tillage studies in Kansas. Soil Science Society of America Journal 70, 434–438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mekonnen, M, Keesstra, SD, Stroosnijder, L, Baartman, JE and Maroulis, J (2015) Soil conservation through sediment trapping: a review. Land Degradation & Development 26, 544–556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melero, S, López-Bellido, RJ, López-Bellido, L, Muñoz-Romero, V, Moreno, F and Murillo, JM (2011) Long-term effect of tillage, rotation and nitrogen fertiliser on soil quality in a Mediterranean Vertisol. Soil and Tillage Research 114, 97–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, J, Klose, S and Tabatabai, M (2000) Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen as affected by cropping systems. Biology and fertility of soils 31, 200–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nascente, AS, Li, Y and Crusciol, CAC (2015) Soil aggregation, organic carbon concentration, and soil bulk density as affected by cover crop species in a no-tillage system. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, 871–879.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neugschwandtner, RW, Száková, J, Pachtrog, V, Tlustoš, P, Černý, J, Kulhánek, M, Kaul, H-P, Euteneuer, P, Moitzi, G and Wagentristl, H (2020). Basic soil chemical properties after 15 years in a long-term tillage and crop rotation experiment. International Agrophysics 34, 133–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nouwakpo, SK, Song, J and Gonzalez, JM (2018) Soil structural stability assessment with the fluidized bed, aggregate stability, and rainfall simulation on long-term tillage and crop rotation systems. Soil and Tillage Research 178, 65–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nunes, MR, van Es, HM, Schindelbeck, R, Ristow, AJ and Ryan, M (2018) No-till and cropping system diversification improve soil health and crop yield. Geoderma 328, 30–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldeman, LR, Hakkeling, R and Sombroek, WG (2017) World Map of the Status of Human-Induced Soil Degradation: An Explanatory Note. Wageningen, Netherlands: International Soil Reference and Information Centre.Google Scholar
O'Rourke, ME, Liebman, M and Rice, ME (2014) Ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in conventional and diversified crop rotation systems. Environmental Entomology 37, 121–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poeplau, C, Aronsson, H, Myrbeck, Å and Kätterer, T (2015) Effect of perennial ryegrass cover crop on soil organic carbon stocks in southern Sweden. Geoderma Regional 4, 126–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, Z, Helmers, MJ and Kaleita, AL (2011) Soil water dynamics under various agricultural land covers on a subsurface drained field in north-central Iowa, USA. Agricultural Water Management 98, 665–674.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qin, S, Yeboah, S, Cao, L, Zhang, J, Shi, S and Liu, Y (2017) Breaking continuous potato cropping with legumes improves soil microbial communities, enzyme activities and tuber yield. PLoS ONE 12, e0175934.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodríguez-Lado, L, Rial, M, Taboada, T and Cortizas, AM (2015) A pedotransfer function to map soil bulk density from limited data. Procedia Environmental Sciences 27, 45–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roldán, A, Caravaca, F, Hernández, M, Garcıa, C, Sánchez-Brito, C, Velásquez, M and Tiscareño, M (2003) No-tillage, crop residue additions, and legume cover cropping effects on soil quality characteristics under maize in Patzcuaro watershed (Mexico). Soil and Tillage Research 72, 65–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rorick, J and Kladivko, E (2017) Cereal rye cover crop effects on soil carbon and physical properties in southeastern Indiana. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 72, 260–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rusch, A, Bommarco, R, Jonsson, M, Smith, HG and Ekbom, B (2013) Flow and stability of natural pest control services depend on complexity and crop rotation at the landscape scale. Journal of Applied Ecology 50, 345–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sainju, UM and Singh, BP (1997) Winter cover crops for sustainable agricultural systems: influence on soil properties, water quality, and crop yields. HortScience 32, 21–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanaullah, M, Razavi, BS, Blagodatskaya, E and Kuzyakov, Y (2016) Spatial distribution and catalytic mechanisms of β-glucosidase activity at the root-soil interface. Biology and Fertility of Soils 52, 505–514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarrantonio, M and Gallandt, E (2003) The role of cover crops in North American cropping systems. Journal of Crop Production 8, 53–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saxton, KE and Rawls, WJ (2006) Soil water characteristic estimates by texture and organic matter for hydrologic solutions. Soil Science Society of America Journal 70, 1569–1578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schipanski, ME, Barbercheck, M, Douglas, MR, Finney, DM, Haider, K, Kaye, JP, Kemanian, AR, Mortensen, DA, Ryan, MR and Tooker, J (2014) A framework for evaluating ecosystem services provided by cover crops in agroecosystems. Agricultural Systems 125, 12–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumacher, BA (2002) Methods for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in soils and sediments.Google Scholar
Sharma, V, Irmak, S and Padhi, J (2018) Effects of cover crops on soil quality: part I. Soil chemical properties – organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, nitrate-nitrogen, and phosphorus. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 73, 637–651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shrestha, B, McConkey, B, Smith, W, Desjardins, R, Campbell, C, Grant, B and Miller, P (2013) Effects of crop rotation, crop type and tillage on soil organic carbon in a semiarid climate. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 93, 137–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sindelar, AJ, Schmer, MR, Gesch, RW, Forcella, F, Eberle, CA, Thom, MD and Archer, DW (2017) Winter oilseed production for biofuel in the US corn belt: opportunities and limitations. GCB Bioenergy 9, 508–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, RG, Gross, KL and Robertson, GP (2008) Effects of crop diversity on agroecosystem function: crop yield response. Ecosystems 11, 355–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soon, Y, Arshad, M, Haq, A and Lupwayi, N (2007) The influence of 12 years of tillage and crop rotation on total and labile organic carbon in a sandy loam soil. Soil and Tillage Research 95, 38–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanger, TF and Lauer, JG (2008) Corn grain yield response to crop rotation and nitrogen over 35 years. Agronomy Journal 100, 643–650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Studdert, GA (2000) Crop rotations and nitrogen fertilization to manage soil organic carbon dynamics. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, 1496–1503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiemann, L, Grandy, A, Atkinson, E, Marin-Spiotta, E and McDaniel, M (2015) Crop rotational diversity enhances belowground communities and functions in an agroecosystem. Ecology Letters 18, 761–771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uchida, Y, Nishimura, S and Akiyama, H (2012) The relationship of water-soluble carbon and hot-water-soluble carbon with soil respiration in agricultural fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 156, 116–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Eerd, LL, Congreves, KA, Hayes, A, Verhallen, A and Hooker, DC (2014) Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on soil quality, organic carbon, and total nitrogen. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, 303–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Q, Li, Y and Klassen, W (2007) Changes of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen with cover crops and irrigation in a tomato field. Journal of Plant Nutrition 30, 623–639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, R, Dorodnikov, M, Yang, S, Zhang, Y, Filley, TR, Turco, RF, Zhang, Y, Xu, Z, Li, H and Jiang, Y (2015) Responses of enzymatic activities within soil aggregates to 9-year nitrogen and water addition in a semi-arid grassland. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 81, 159–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, A, Kissel, D, Chen, F, West, L, Adkins, W, Rickman, D and Luvall, J (2004) Mapping soil pH buffering capacity of selected fields in the coastal plain. Soil Science Society of America Journal 68, 662–668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, JD, Reardon, CL, Wuest, SB and Long, DS (2018) Soil wet aggregate stability in dryland Pacific Northwest intensified crop rotations. Soil Science Society of America Journal 82, 455–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, S and Anderson, R (2000) Aggregate stability and glomalin in alternative crop rotations for the central Great Plains. Biology and Fertility of Soils 31, 249–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yadav, M, Parihar, C, Jat, S, Singh, A, Kumar, D, Pooniya, V, Parihar, M, Saveipune, D, Parmar, H and Jat, M (2016) Effect of long-term tillage and diversified crop rotations on nutrient uptake, profitability and energetics of maize (Zea mays) in north-western India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 86, 743–749.Google Scholar
Zhang, B, Li, Y, Ren, T, Tian, Z, Wang, G, He, X and Tian, C (2014) Short-term effect of tillage and crop rotation on microbial community structure and enzyme activities of a clay loam soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 50, 1077–1085.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, X, Han, X, Yu, W, Wang, P and Cheng, W (2017) Priming effects on labile and stable soil organic carbon decomposition: pulse dynamics over two years. PLoS ONE 12, e0184978.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhong, S, Huicai, Z and Zhiqiang, J (2015) Soil microbiological and biochemical properties as affected by different long-term banana-based rotations in the tropics. Pedosphere 25, 868–877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, Y, Berruti, F, Greenhalf, C and Henry, HA (2017) Combined effects of biochar amendment, leguminous cover crop addition and snow removal on nitrogen leaching losses and nitrogen retention over winter and subsequent yield of a test crop (Eruca sativa L.). Soil Biology and Biochemistry 114, 220–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuber, SM, Behnke, GD, Nafziger, ED and Villamil, MB (2015) Crop rotation and tillage effects on soil physical and chemical properties in Illinois. Agronomy Journal 107, 971–978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuber, S, Behnke, G, Nafziger, E and Villamil, M (2018) Carbon and nitrogen content of soil organic matter and microbial biomass under long-term crop rotation and tillage in Illinois, USA. Agriculture 8, 37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Feng et al. supplementary material

Tables S1-S3 and Figures S1-S2

Download Feng et al. supplementary material(File)
File 178.5 KB