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A short-term comparison of organic v. conventional agriculture in a silty loam soil using two organic amendments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2008

J. F. HERENCIA ,
J. C. RUIZ ,
S. MELERO ,
P. A. GARCIA GALAVÍS  and
C. MAQUEDA
J. F. HERENCIA
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria ‘Las Torres-Tomejil’ (CIFA), P.C. 41200, Alcalá del Río (Sevilla), Spain
J. C. RUIZ
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria ‘Las Torres-Tomejil’ (CIFA), P.C. 41200, Alcalá del Río (Sevilla), Spain
S. MELERO
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria ‘Las Torres-Tomejil’ (CIFA), P.C. 41200, Alcalá del Río (Sevilla), Spain
P. A. GARCIA GALAVÍS
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria ‘Las Torres-Tomejil’ (CIFA), P.C. 41200, Alcalá del Río (Sevilla), Spain
C. MAQUEDA*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (CSIC), Apdo 1052, P.C. 41080, Sevilla, Spain
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: [email protected]
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Summary

The transition from conventional to organic farming is accompanied by changes in soil chemical properties and processes that could affect soil fertility. The organic system is very complex and the present work carries out a short-term comparison of the effects of organic and conventional agriculture on the chemical properties of a silty loam soil (Xerofluvent) located in the Guadalquivir River Valley, Seville, Spain, through a succession of five crop cycles over a 3-year period. Crop rotation and varieties were compared in a conventional system using inorganic fertilizer and two organic systems using either plant compost or manure. At the end of the study, organic farming management resulted in higher soil organic carbon (OC), N and available P, K, Fe and Zn. The available Mn and especially Cu values did not show significant differences. In general, treatment with manure resulted in more rapid increases in soil nutrient values than did plant compost, which had an effect on several crop cycles later. The present study demonstrated that the use of organic composts results in an increase in OC and the storage of nutrients, which can provide long-term fertility benefits. Nevertheless, at least 2–3 years of organic management are necessary, depending on compost characteristics, to observe significant differences. Average crop yields were 23% lower in organic crops. Nevertheless, only two crops showed statistically significant differences.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 146 , Issue 6 , December 2008 , pp. 677 - 687
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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