Hostname: page-component-669899f699-swprf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-25T06:03:07.216Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Phosphorus fertilizing potential of bagasse ash and rice husk ash in wheat–rice system on alkaline loamy sand soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2016

H. S. THIND ,
YADVINDER-SINGH ,
SANDEEP SHARMA ,
VARINDERPAL-SINGH ,
H. S. SRAN  and
BIJAY-SINGH
H. S. THIND*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
YADVINDER-SINGH
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
SANDEEP SHARMA
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
VARINDERPAL-SINGH
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
H. S. SRAN
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
BIJAY-SINGH
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Bagasse and rice husk are two important agro-industrial by-products that are used as fuel in the sugar and rice mill industries, thus producing large quantities of bagasse ash (BA; 0·05 of bagasse) and rice husk ash (0·20 of rice husk) as waste material. Applying BA and rice husk ash (RHA) to agricultural land improves yield, nutrient uptake and chemical fertility of soil, particularly with special reference to available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The present field experiment was conducted for 3 years to evaluate the P fertilizer value of these agro-industrial waste materials in a wheat–rice system (WRS). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with RHA and BA applied at 10 t/ha and including a no-amendment control as the main plot treatments and three levels of fertilizer P (0, 13 and 26 kg P/ha; designated P0, P13 and P26, respectively) as sub-plot treatments to wheat in WRS. Application of fertilizer P increased the wheat grain yield up to P26 in the un-amended control treatment. However, a significant response of wheat to fertilizer P was also observed up to P13 in the presence of BA and RHA, thereby saving 50% of fertilizer P. Both RHA and BA increased wheat productivity by 12 and 16%, respectively, over the un-amended control. The subsequent rice crop also produced 14% higher paddy yield when the two ashes were applied along with P13 to the previous wheat crop. The increases in grain yield were accompanied by significant increases in the uptake of P and K, and P content (Olsen P) in the soil. The application of recommended P (P26) in un-amended plots resulted in a negative P balance of 9·3 kg P/ha/year. On the other hand, the application of BA alone and RHA along with P13 resulted in neutral/slightly positive P balance. A strong linear relationship (R2 = 0·98) was observed between P balance and Olsen-P build up in the soil. It may be concluded that application of BA and RHA has the potential to increase system productivity and reduce the cost of inputs in terms of reduced application of fertilizer P to wheat and rice.

Type
Crops and Soils Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 155 , Issue 3 , April 2017 , pp. 465 - 474
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

Aulakh, M. S., Garg, A. K. & Kabba, B. S. (2007). Phosphorus accumulation, leaching and residual effects on crop yields from long-term applications in the subtropics. Soil Use and Management 23, 417–427.Google Scholar
Benbi, D. K. & Brar, J. S. (2009). A 25-year record of carbon sequestration and soil properties in intensive agriculture. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29, 257–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demeyer, A., Nkana, J. C. V. & Verloo, M. G. (2001). Characteristics of wood ash and influence on soil properties and nutrient uptake: an overview. Bioresource Technology 77, 287–295.Google Scholar
FAO (2002). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Rome: FAO. Available from: http://apps.fao.org Google Scholar
Gathala, M. K., Ladha, J. K., Kumar, V., Saharawat, Y. S., Kumar, V., Sharma, P. K., Sharma, S. & Pathak, H. (2011). Tillage and crop establishment affects sustainability of South Asian rice-wheat system. Agronomy Journal 103, 961–971.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hobbs, P. R., Sayre, K. & Gupta, R. (2008). The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 363, 543–555.Google Scholar
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) (2000). IRRISTAT for Windows (CD-ROM) version 4.02b. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Jenkins, B. M., Baxter, L. L., Miles, T. R. Jr. & Miles, T. R. (1998). Combustion properties of biomass. Fuel Processing Technology 54, 17–46.Google Scholar
Kapur, P. C. (1985). Production of reactive bio-silica from the combustion of rice husk in a tube-in-basket (TiB) burner. Powder Technology 44, 63–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knudsen, D., Peterson, G. A. & Pratt, P. F. (1982). Lithium, sodium and potassium. In Methods of Soil Analysis Part2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (Eds Page, A. L., Miller, R. H. & Keeney, D. R.), pp. 225–246. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America.Google Scholar
Ladha, J. K., Dawe, D., Pathak, H., Padre, A. T., Yadav, R. L., Singh, B., Singh, Y., Singh, Y., Singh, P., Kundu, A. L., Sakal, R., Ram, N., Regmi, A. P., Gami, S. K., Bhandari, A. L., Amin, K., Yadav, C. R., Bhattarai, E. M., Das, S., Aggarwal, H. P., Gupta, R. K. & Hobbs, P. R. (2003). How extensive are yield declines in long-term rice-wheat experiments in Asia? Field Crops Research 81, 159–180.Google Scholar
Miller, R. O. (1998). Nitric-perchloric acid wet digestion in an open vessel. In Handbook of Reference Methods for Plant Analysis (Ed. Kalra, Y. P.), pp. 57–62. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Mozaffari, M., Russelle, M. P., Rosen, C. J. & Nater, E. A. (2002). Nutrient supply and neutralizing value of alfalfa stem gasification ash. Soil Science Society of America Journal 66, 171–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NAAS (2008). Sustainable Energy for Rural India. Policy Paper 41. New Delhi: National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Google Scholar
Natarajan, E., Nordin, A. & Rao, A. N. (1998). Overview of combustion and gasification of rice husk in fluidized bed reactors. Biomass and Bioenergy 14, 533–546.Google Scholar
Nelson, D. W. & Sommers, L. E. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3: Chemical Methods (Eds Sparks, D. L., Page, A. L., Helmke, P. A., Loeppert, R. H., Soltanpour, P. N., Tabatabai, M. A., Johnston, C. T. & Sumner, M. E.), pp. 961–1010. SSSA Book Series: no. 5. Madison, WI: SSSA.Google Scholar
Neset, T.-S. S. & Cordell, D. (2012). Global phosphorus scarcity: identifying synergies for a sustainable future. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 92, 2–6.Google Scholar
Neset, T.-S. S., Drangert, J-O., Bader, H-P.& Scheidegger, R. (2010). Recycling of phosphorus in urban Sweden: a historical overview to guide a strategy for the future. Water Policy 12, 611–624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oborn, I., Edwards, A. C., Witter, E., Oenema, O., Ivarsson, K., Withers, P. J. A., Nilson, S. I. & Stinzing, A. R. (2003). Elemental balances as a tool for sustainable nutrient management: a critical appraisal of their merits and limitations within an agronomic and environmental context. European Journal of Agronomy 20, 211–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsen, S. R., Cole, C. V., Watanabe, F. S. & Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate. USDA. Circular 939. Washington, D.C.: USDA.Google Scholar
Patterson, S. J., Acharya, S. N., Thomas, J. E., Bertschi, A. B. & Rothwell, R. L. (2004). Barley biomass and grain yield and canola seed yield response to land application of wood ash. Agronomy Journal 96, 971–977.Google Scholar
Prakash, N. B., Nagaraj, H., Guruswamy, K. T., Vishwanatha, B. N., Narayanswamy, C., Gowda, N. A. J., Vasuki, N. & Siddaramappa, R. (2007). Rice hull ash as a source of silicon and phosphatic fertilizers: effect on growth and yield of rice in coastal Karnataka, India. International Rice Research Notes 32, 34–36.Google Scholar
Raj-Kumar, , Sharma, B. D. & Sidhu, P. S. (2000). Soils of Punjab Agricultural University Research Farm, Ludhiana. Research Bulletin No. 1/2000. Ludhiana, India: Department of Soil Science, PAU.Google Scholar
Saarsalmi, A., Malkonen, E. & Piirainen, S. (2001). Effects of wood ash fertilization on forest soil chemical properties. Silva Fennica 35, 355–368.Google Scholar
Schiemenz, K. & Eichler-Lobermann, B. (2010). Biomass ash and their phosphorus fertilizing effect on different crops. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 87, 471–482.Google Scholar
Sims, J. T., Edwards, A. C., Schoumans, O. F. & Simard, R. R. (2000). Integrating soil phosphorus testing into environmentally based agricultural management practices. Journal of Environmental Quality 29, 60–71.Google Scholar
Talashilkar, S. C. & Chavan, A. S. (1996). Effect of rice hull ash on yield and uptake of silicon and phosphorus by rice cultivars at different growth stages. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 44, 340–342.Google Scholar
Thind, H. S., Yadvinder-Singh, , Bijay-Singh, , Varinderpal-Singh, , Sharma, S., Vashistha, M. & Singh, G. (2012). Land application of rice husk ash, bagasse ash and coal fly ash: effects on crop productivity and nutrient uptake in rice-wheat system on an alkaline loamy sand. Field Crops Research 135, 137–144.Google Scholar
Vance, E. D. (1996). Land application of wood-fired and combination boiler ash: an overview. Journal of Environmental Quality 25, 937–944.Google Scholar
Van Vuuren, D. P., Bouwman, A. F. & Beusen, A. H. W. (2010). Phosphorus demand for the 1970–2100 period: a scenario analysis of resource depletion. Global Environmental Change 20, 428–439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walkley, A. & Black, T. A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37, 29–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Westerman, R. L. (1990). Soil Testing and Plant Analysis, 3rd edn. Madison, WI: SSSA.Google Scholar
Yadvinder-Singh, & Bijay-Singh, (2001). Efficient management of primary nutrients in the rice-wheat system. Journal of Crop Production 4, 23–85.Google Scholar
Yadvinder-Singh, , Bijay-Singh, , Ladha, J. K., Khind, C. S., Gupta, R. K., Meelu, O. P. & Pasuquin, E. (2004). Long-term effects of organic inputs on yield and soil fertility in the rice–wheat rotation. Soil Science Society of America Journal 68, 845–853.Google Scholar
Yadvinder-Singh, , Doberman, A., Bijay-Singh, , Bronson, K. F. & Khind, C. S. (2000). Optimal phosphorus management strategies for wheat–rice cropping on a loamy sand. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, 1413–1422.Google Scholar
Yadvinder-Singh, , Gupta, R. K., Thind, H. S., Bijay-Singh, , Varinderpal-Singh, , Gurpreet-Singh, , Jagmohan-Singh, & Ladha, J. K. (2009). Poultry litter as a nitrogen and phosphorus source for the rice–wheat cropping system. Biology and Fertility of Soils 45, 701–710.Google Scholar