Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T11:12:08.272Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for wheat and barley in a semi-arid region

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

V. D. Krentos  and
P. I. Orphanos
V. D. Krentos
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
P. I. Orphanos
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Nineteen NP experiments were carried out with wheat and barley mostly in the Mesaoria plain of Cyprus over the period 1968–78. The fields were fallowed over the season preceding the experiments. Rainfall ranged from 68 to 405 mm. Kyperounda, a tall durum wheat, Pitic 62, a semi-dwarf aestivum wheat, and Athenais barley were the test varieties. No yield was obtained when rainfall was below 100 mm. Athenais barley consistently outyielded the wheat varieties, particularly Kyperounda, by up to 200% presumably because of earlier heading, which helpedthe crop to escape drought to a certain extent.

Kyperounda wheat and Athenais barley mostly responded to 35 kg N/ha but Pitic 62 benefited from up to 70 kg N/ha. Fertilizer N not taken up in a year of extremely low rainfall remained in the soil and was available to the following crop.

Response to P was more marked when rainfall was below 250 mm being linear over the rates tested (highest rate 26 kg P/ha). Athenais barley responded to P more than the other varieties. Bicarbonate-soluble soil P was between 1 and 10 mg/kg.

Since rainfall is unpredictable it is recommended that 20–40 kg N/ha be applied atseeding together with 13–26 kg P/ha. A similar amount of N should be top dressed in late January. The higher amount refers to the semi-dwarf Pitic 62 wheat and could be increased further if the December-January rainfall, which normally constitutes 40% of the total, is high. These rates refer to crops grown after fallow. For continuous growing the rates would probably have to be increased.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 93 , Issue 3 , December 1979 , pp. 711 - 717
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blanohet, R., Boso, M. & Maertens, C. (1978). The effect of soil moisture status on the phosphorus nutrition of plants. Phosphorus in Agriculture 32 (72), 1–10.Google Scholar
Briggle, L. W. & Vooel, O. A. (1968). Breeding short statured disease resistant wheats in the United States. Euphytica Supplement1, no. 1, 143–151.Google Scholar
Day, A. D. & Thompson, R. K. (1975). Effectof soil moisture regimes on the growth of barley. Agronomy Journal 67, 430–433.Google Scholar
Day, W., Leqg, B. J., French, B. K., Johnston, A. E., Lawxoe, D. W. & Jeffers, W. De C. (1978). A drought experiment using mobile shelters: the effeot of drought on barley yield, water use and nutrient uptake. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 91, 599–623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Della, A. & Hadjichristodotjlotj, A. (1976). Genetic variability in uptake of nitrogen at various growth stages of barley and wheat under dryland conditions. In Evaluation of Seed Protein Alterations by Mutation Breeding. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.Google Scholar
Engle, C. F., Koehler, F. E., Morrison, K. J. & Halvobson, A. R. (1975). Dryland wheat nitrogen needs for eastern Washington. Washington Cooperative Extension Service Fertilizer Guide, no. 34. (cited by C. M. Smith (1977). Interpreting inorganic nitrogen soil tests: sample depth, soil water, climate, and crops. In Soil Testing and Interpreting the Analytical Results. ASA Special Publication 29, pp. 85–98. Madison, Wisconsin).Google Scholar
Fao/Unesco (1974). Soil Map of the World, 1:5000000, vol. I. Legend. Paris: Fao/Unesco.Google Scholar
Hadjichristodoulou, A. (1973). Production of forage from cereals, legumes and their mixtures under rainfed conditions in Cyprus. Technical Bulletin, no. 14. Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus.Google Scholar
Hadjichristodoulou, A. (1974). Comparative study of yield and quality of grain cereals under rainfed conditions. Technical Bulletin, no. 15. Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus.Google Scholar
Hadjichristodoulou, A. (1976a). Effect of harvesting stage on cereal and legume forage production in low rainfall regions. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 86, 155–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hadjichristodoulou, A. (1976b). Effect of genotype and rainfall on yield and quality of forage barley and wheat varieties in a semi-arid region. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 87, 489–497.Google Scholar
Hadjichristodoulou, A., Della, A. & Joseehides, C. (1977). A new durum wheat variety, Aronas. Technical Bulletin, no. 22. Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus.Google Scholar
Htjssain, I., May, L. H. & Aspinall, D. (1968). The effects of soil moisture stress on growth of barley. IV. The response to presowing treatment. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 19, 213–220.Google Scholar
Kbentos, V. D. & Obphanos, P.I. (1979). Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for potatoes in Cyprus. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92, 645–661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Littlejohn, L. (1946). Some aspects of soil fertility in Cyprus. Empire Journal of Experimental Agriculture 14, 123–134.Google Scholar
Loizides, P. A. (1958). Fertilizer experiments in Cyprus. II. Cereals. Empire Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, 25–33.Google Scholar
E., Matap. A. (1977). Yields and response of cereal crops to phosphorus fertilization under changing rainfall conditions. Agronomy Journal 69, 879–881.Google Scholar
Metoohis, Chr. (1979). The agroclimatology of Athalassa Farm. Technical Paper, no. 17. Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus.Google Scholar
Power, J. F., Brown, P. L., Army, T. J. & Klaoes, M. G. (1961). Phosphorus responses by dryland spring wheat as influenced by moisture supplies. Agronomy Journal 53, 106–108.Google Scholar
Serohiott, C. S. (1975). Control of Syringopais temperatella in Cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology 68, 491–494.Google Scholar
Taylor, A. C., Storbieb, R. R. & Gilmotjb, A. R. (1978). Nitrogen needs of wheat. 2. Grain yield response to nitrogenous fertilizer. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 18, 118–128.Google Scholar
Warder, F. G., Lehane, J. J., Hestman, W. C. & Staple, W. J. (1963). The effect of fertilizer on growth, nutrient uptake and moisture use of wheat on two soils in southwestern Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 43, 107–116.Google Scholar