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Modelling of yields and soil nitrogen dynamics for crop rotations by HERMES under different climate and soil conditions in the Czech Republic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2013

P. HLAVINKA ,
M. TRNKA ,
K. C. KERSEBAUM ,
P. ČERMÁK ,
E. POHANKOVÁ ,
M. ORSÁG ,
E. POKORNÝ ,
M. FISCHER ,
M. BRTNICKÝ  and
Z. ŽALUD
P. HLAVINKA*
Affiliation:
Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Global Change Research Centre AS CR, v.v.i., Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
M. TRNKA
Affiliation:
Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic Global Change Research Centre AS CR, v.v.i., Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
K. C. KERSEBAUM
Affiliation:
Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Landscape Systems Analysis, 14 Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
P. ČERMÁK
Affiliation:
Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic
E. POHANKOVÁ
Affiliation:
Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
M. ORSÁG
Affiliation:
Global Change Research Centre AS CR, v.v.i., Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
E. POKORNÝ
Affiliation:
Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
M. FISCHER
Affiliation:
Global Change Research Centre AS CR, v.v.i., Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
M. BRTNICKÝ
Affiliation:
Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Z. ŽALUD
Affiliation:
Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: [email protected]
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Summary

The crop growth model HERMES was used to model crop rotation cycles at 12 experimental sites in the Czech Republic. A wide range of crops (spring and winter barley, winter wheat, maize, potatoes, sugar beet, winter rape, oats, alfalfa and grass), cultivated between 1981 and 2009 under various soil and climatic conditions, were included. The model was able to estimate the yields of field crop rotations at a reasonable level, with an index of agreement (IA) ranging from 0·82 to 0·96 for the calibration database (the median coefficient of determination (R2) was 0·71), while IA for verification varied from 0·62 to 0·93 (median R2 was 0·78). Grass yields were also estimated at a reasonable level of accuracy. The estimates were less accurate for the above-ground biomass at harvest (the medians for IA were 0·76 and 0·72 for calibration and verification, respectively, and analogous medians of R2 were 0·50 and 0·49). The soil mineral nitrogen (N) content under the field crops was simulated with good precision, with the IA ranging from 0·49 to 0·74 for calibration and from 0·43 to 0·68 for verification. Generally, the soil mineral N was underestimated, and more accurate results were achieved at locations with intensive fertilization. Simulated yields, soil N, water and organic carbon (C) contents were compared with long-term field measurements at Němčice, located within the fertile Moravian lowland. At this station, all of the observed parameters were reproduced with a reasonable level of accuracy. In the case of the organic C content, HERMES reproduced a decrease ranging from c. 85 to 77 tonnes (t)/ha (for the 0–0·3 m soil layer) between the years 1980 and 2007. In spite of its relatively simple approach and restricted input data, HERMES was proven to be robust across various conditions, which is a precondition for its future use for both theoretical and practical purposes.

Type
Climate Change and Agriculture Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 152 , Issue 2 , April 2014 , pp. 188 - 204
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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