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Long-term fertilization strategies for improving productivity, profitability and water-use efficiency of soybean–wheat cropping systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2024

Suresh Chandra Panday ,
Manoj Parihar Open the ORCID record for Manoj Parihar [Opens in a new window] ,
Rajendra Prasad Meena ,
Mahipal Choudhary ,
Vijay Singh Meena ,
Tilak Mondal ,
Priyanka Khati ,
Ashish Kumar Singh ,
Jaideep Kumar Bisht  and
Lakshmi Kant
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Suresh Chandra Panday
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Manoj Parihar*
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Rajendra Prasad Meena
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Mahipal Choudhary
Affiliation:
ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342003, India
Vijay Singh Meena
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Samastipur, Bihar 848125, India
Tilak Mondal
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Priyanka Khati
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Ashish Kumar Singh
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Jaideep Kumar Bisht
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Lakshmi Kant
Affiliation:
ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Arunava Pattanayak
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834003, India
R. D. Singh
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
*
Corresponding author: Manoj Parihar; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

In order to recognize the best nutrient supply options for profitable and sustainable production systems, observations were recorded from 2001 to 2020 (20 years) in a long-term fertilizer experiment initiated in 1995–96 with soybean–wheat cropping systems (SWCSs) under irrigated conditions. The experiment comprised of seven treatments including control, organic, inorganic and their combinations. A combined use of 10 Mg farmyard manure (FYM)/ha (M) along with 120 kg N/ha provided statistically (P < 0.05) similar yield and economic benefits to the M + NPK and also provided a positive yield trend (30.0 and 16.2 kg/ha/year) and net return (14.7 and 5.81 US$/ha/year) over the year in both wheat and soybean, respectively. The combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers, provided 32–41% higher production efficiency than their individual use. In contrast, long-term chemical fertilization provided a negative yield trend in both the crops with the highest reduction in sole N-fertilized plots ranged from −39 to −42 kg/ha/year. Water-use efficiency ranged from 3.20 to 12.3 kg/ha/mm in soybean–wheat rotation and increased almost 1.74–3.15 times in wheat and 1.30–1.80 times in soybean due to fertilizer application. A similar trend was observed for water-expense efficiency and remain closely associated with fertilization practice. Long-term chemical fertilizers declined the yield potential of the studied crops while their conjoint application with FYM in the winter season considered as an input efficient approach to sustain the overall productivity and profitability of SWCSs.

Keywords

Indian Himalayan regionnitrogenorganic manuresustainabilitytrend analysis
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 162 , Issue 5 , October 2024 , pp. 444 - 457
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

Present address: ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342003, India.

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