Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T05:57:42.579Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Intensive beef production from sorghum grain and sorghum stubble: Effects of methods of processing the grain and the stubble, vitamins A, E and K and selenium supplementation and anthelmintic treatment on rate and efficiency of body weight gain and carcass composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

J. G. Morris  and
Patricia M. Pepper
J. G. Morris
Affiliation:
Animal Research Institute, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Yeerongpilly, Brisbane
Patricia M. Pepper
Affiliation:
Animal Research Institute, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Yeerongpilly, Brisbane
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The intensive finishing of steers on simple rations of 10% sorghum stubble and 90% sorghum grain plus urea was investigated. Fine grinding of the grain resulted in a lower mean daily intake, but a significantly greater efficiency of conversion of feed to carcass weight gain (P < 0·01) than coarse grinding the grain. Coarse chaffing of the stubble significantly reduced the intake of the stubble in comparison with hammer milling, but had no significant effect on rate of body weight gain, total feed intake or efficiency of feed conversion.

The addition to the ration of either 1 mg of selenium, or 200 mg vitamin E, 200 mg vitamin E and 100 mg vitamin K per day had no significant effect on rate or efficiency of body or carcass weight gain. Seven out of 32 steers which were not injected with 3 million i.u. of vitamin A at the start of the experiment exhibited nyctalopia. None of the 32 steers which received the vitamin A injection had hepatic vitamin A concentrations less than 33 μg/g. Vitamin A injection did not have a significant effect on the rate of body weight gain (mean ±S.E. 1·3 ± 0·03 kg per day), efficiency of feed conversion (10·4 ± 0·16 kg D.M. per kg carcass weight gain), or time to attain slaughter weight (133 ± 3 days). Drenching twice with thiabendazole had no significant effect on rate of body weight gain.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 73 , Issue 1 , August 1969 , pp. 41 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1969

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

A.O.A.C. (1960). Official Methods of Analysis. 9th edn.Washington: Association of Official Agricultural Chemists.Google Scholar
Baker, F. H., Smith, E. F., Cox, R. F. & Richardson, D. (1955). A comparison of rolled, coarsely ground, and finely ground milo grain for fattening yearling heifers, 1954. Circ. Kans. agric. Exp. Stn, no. 320, pp. 45–6.Google Scholar
Beeson, W. M., Perry, T. W., Smith, W. H. & Mohler, M. T. (1965). The effect of vitamins A, E and K and dehydrated alfalfa on the performance of steers. Annual Indiana Cattle Feeders Day, April 23, 1965. Purdue agric. Exp. Stn.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. & Brown, F. (1952). Vitamin E in the nutrition of farm animals. Nutr. Abstr. Rev. 22, 1–21.Google ScholarPubMed
Burroughs, W., Kohlmeier, R., Barringer, R., Kawashima, R. & Trenkle, A. (1963). Selenium and vitamin E and K additions to a no-hay finishing cattle ration. J. Anim. Sci. 22, 929–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butterfield, R. M. (1965). The relationship of carcass measurements and dissection data to beef carcass composition. Res. vet. Sci. 6, 24–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, R. F. & Smith, E. F. (1951). A comparison of rolled, coarse ground and fine ground milo grain for fattening steer calves, 1950–51. Circ. Kans. agric. Exp. Stn, no. 273, pp. 25–6.Google Scholar
Cox, R. F. & Smith, E. F. (1952). A comparison of rolled, coarsely ground, and fine ground milo grain for fattening steer calves. Circ. Kans. agric. Exp. Stn, no. 283, pp. 52–3.Google Scholar
Dam, H. & Søndergaard, E. (1964). In Nutrition. A Comprehensive Treatise, vol. II, p. 52. Ed. Beaton, G. H. and McHenry, E. W.. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hausheer, W., Nobile, S., Wagner, H. & Moor, H. (1964). Schweizerisches Lebensmittelbuch, vol. 1, 5th ed., p. 664. Berne: Eidg. Drucksachen und Materialzentrale.Google Scholar
Hinds, F. C., Hatfield, E. E., Cmarik, G. F., Lamb, P. E., Almendinger, R., McKibben, G. E. & Garrigus, U. S. (1967). Studies on the influence of vitamin E on the vitamin A nutrition of beef cattle. Univ. Ill. Beef Cattle Day 12 30, 1967, pp. 34–8.Google Scholar
Jensen, R. & Mackey, D. R. (1965). Diseases of Feedlot Cattle, p. 253. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, D. H. & Parbery, D. B. (1966). Grain and forage sorghums in the Ord River Valley. Sorghum Symposium, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Warwick, 05, 1966.Google Scholar
Miller, E. C. (1938). Plant Physiology, p. 502. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc.Google Scholar
Morris, J. G. (1966). Finishing steers on sorghum grain and sorghum silage. Effects of grain-to-roughage ratio, urea supplementation and hexoestrol implantation on rate of body-weight gain, feed efficiency and carcass compositions. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 67, 191–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, J. G. & Gartner, R. J. W. (1967). Finishing steers on high-grain rations. Effects of the type of silage, level of urea, vitamin A and cobalt supplementation on body-weight gain, feed efficiency and carcass composition. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 68, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, J. G. & O'Bryan, M. S. (1965). Finishing cattle on sorghum grain and sorghum silage. Effects of hormone implantation and urea. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 64, 343–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parbery, D. B. (1966). Multiple harvesting of irrigated sorghum in Northern Australia. J. Aust. Inst. agric. Sci. 32, 44–6.Google Scholar
National Research Council (1963). Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. National Academy of Sciences. Publs natn. Res. Coun. (Wash.), no. 1137.Google Scholar
Nobile, S. (1963). The determination of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E in pharmaceutical products. Australas. J. Pliarm. 44, 26–36.Google Scholar
Smith, E. F. & Parrish, D. B. (1952). Digestibility of finely ground, cracked and rolled milo grain, 1951. Circ. Kans. agric. Exp. Stn, no. 283, pp. 53–4.Google Scholar
Smith, E. F. & Parrish, D. B. (1953). A comparison of rolled, coarsely ground and finely ground milo grain for fattening yearling steers, 1952. Circ. Kans. agric. Exp. Stn, no. 297, pp. 49–50.Google Scholar
Smith, E. F., Parrish, D. B. & Picket, A. G. (1949). Effect of grinding on the nutritive value of grain sorghum for fattening steer calves. Circ. Kans. agric. Exp. Stn, no. 250, pp. 37–9.Google Scholar
Totusek, R., Stephens, D. & Walters, L. (1964). Improving the utilization of milo for fattening calves. Value of fine grinding and supplemental vitamin A. Misc. Publs Okla. agric. Exp. Stn, MP-74, pp. 63–8.Google Scholar