Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T05:31:16.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Energy utilization in the laying hen in relation to ambient temperature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

R. H. Davis ,
O. E. M. Hassan  and
A. H. Sykes
R. H. Davis
Affiliation:
Wye College (University of London), Wye, Ashford, Kent
A. H. Sykes
Affiliation:
Wye College (University of London), Wye, Ashford, Kent
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Energy balances have been determined, using the comparative slaughter procedure, over 3-week periods on groups of laying hens kept at ambient temperatures of 7·2, 15·6, 23·9, 29·4 and 35 °C.

Energy intake declined as the environment became warmer (kcal ME/kg¾/day = 203· 1·13°C); heat production, as measured by the difference between energy intake and energy retention, also declined with increasing ambient temperature (kcal/kg¾/day = 151 – 1·11°C). There was a linear relationship between heat production and ambient temperature with no thermoneutral zone or critical temperature.

The energy available for egg production remained almost constant at 50 kcal/kg¾/day equivalent to a rate of egg production of 82% at each ambient temperature.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 81 , Issue 1 , August 1973 , pp. 173 - 177
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barrott, H. G. & Pringle, E. M. (1946). Energy and gaseous metabolism of the chicken from hatch to maturity as affected by temperature. J. Nutr. 31, 35–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benedict, F. G., Landauer, W. & Fox, E. L. (1932). The physiology of normal and frizzle fowl with special reference to basal metabolism. Bull. Storrs agric. Exp. Stn no. 177.Google Scholar
Burlacu, G. & Baltac, M. (1971). Efficiency of the utilization of the energy of food in laying hens. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 77, 405–11.Google Scholar
Byerly, T. C. (1941). Feed and other costs of producing market eggs. Bull. Univ. Md Agric. Exp. Stn no. A1.Google Scholar
Davidson, J., Hepburn, W. R., Mathieson, J. & Pullar, J. D. (1968). Comparisons of heat loss from young cockerels by direct measurement and by indirect assessment involving body analysis. Br. Poult. Sci. 9, 93–109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, E. A. (1955). Seasonal changes in energy balance of English sparrows. Auk 72, 385–41.Google Scholar
Davis, R. H., Hassan, O. E. M. & Sykes, A. H. (1970). Energy intake and energy utilization in the laying hen in relation to ambient temperature. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 29, 39A.Google Scholar
Davis, R. H., Hassan, O. E. M. & Sykes, A. H. (1972). The adaptation of energy utilization in the laying hen to warm and cool ambient temperatures. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 79, 363–9.Google Scholar
Dawson, W. R. & Hudson, J. W. (1971). Birds, Ch. 6. In Comparative Physiology of Temperature Regulation I (ed. Whittow, G. C.). London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Grimbergen, A. H. M. (1970). The energy requirement for maintenance and production of laying hens. Neth. J. agric. Sci. 18, 195–206.Google Scholar
Kendeigh, S. C. (1969). Energy responses of birds to their thermal environments. Wilson Bull. 81, 441–9.Google Scholar
Mitchell, H. H. & Haines, W. T. (1927). The critical temperature of the chicken. J. agric. Res. 34, 549–57.Google Scholar
Mowbray, R. M. & Sykes, A. H. (1971). Egg production in warm environmental temperatures. Br. Poult. Sci. 12, 25–29.Google Scholar
Payne, C. G. (1966). Environmental temperature and egg production. In The Physiology of the Domestic Fowl, pp. 235–241 (ed. Horton-Smith, C. and Amoroso, E. C.). Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Romijn, C. (1950). Stofwisselingsonderzoeck bij de kip. Tijdschr. Diergeneesk. 75, 719–46.Google Scholar
Romijn, C. & Lokhorst, W. (1961). Climate and poultry. Heat regulation in the fowl. Tijdschr. Diergeneesk. 86, 153–72.Google Scholar
Romijn, C. & Vreugdenhil, E. L. (1969). Energy balance and heat regulation in the White Leghorn fowl. Neth. J. vet. Sci. 2, 32–58.Google Scholar
Van Es, A. J. H., Vik-Mo, L., Janssen, H., Bosch, A., Spreeuwenberg, W., Vogt, J. E. & Nijkamp, H. J. (1970). Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, pp. 201–4. E.A.A.P. Publ. 13. Zurich: Druck.Google Scholar
Waring, J. J. & Brown, W. O. (1965). A respiration chamber for the study of energy utilization for maintenance and production in the laying hen. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 65, 139–46.Google Scholar
Waring, J. J. & Brown, W. O. (1967). Calorimetric studies on the utilization of dietary energy by the laying White Leghorn hen in relation to plane of nutrition and environmental temperature. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 68, 149–55.Google Scholar