Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T16:40:08.229Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of dazomet and nitrogen fertilizer on successive crops of maize (Zea mays L.) grown for either grain or forage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. J. Barnard  and
D. Hornby
A. J. Barnard
Affiliation:
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts.
D. Hornby
Affiliation:
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Maize was grown for grain or forage on the same site at Woburn for 7 consecutive years. Yields were satisfactory and there were no serious pest or disease problems, provided the small plots were netted until young plants were established. Different rates of nitrogen fertilizer were tested with and without annual applications of a soil sterilant, dazomet. Average yields of grain (85% dry matter) and forage (dry matter) were respectively 4·5 and 8·8 t/ha with 50 kg N/ha and 5·0 and 9·5 t/ha with 100 kg N/ha. Without dazomet there was a further increase with 150 kg N/ha. Weather influenced the response to nitrogen, and the response to a split dressing of the highest rate was variable. Except for plots receiving the split dressing of N in 1973 and 1974 dazomet always increased yields: grain yields were increased on average by 1 t/ha and forage by 1·6 t/ha. Dazomet-treated plots had taller and heavier plants with more stems, leaves and nodal roots, but fewer seminal roots than untreated plots. Dazomet-treated plots also had fewer migratory nematodes and smaller and less varied root myoofloras. Most of these differences were greatest in the young crop and possible reasons for this ‘early boost’ are discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 98 , Issue 1 , February 1982 , pp. 7 - 15
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anon. (1972). Maize Development Association Bulletin 38, 5.Google Scholar
Anon. (1973). Maize Development Association Bulletin 57, 10–13.Google Scholar
Anon. (1977). Maize production for silage and grain. Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food. Short term leaflet 93 revised 1977, p. 6.Google Scholar
Audus, L. J. (1970). The action of herbicides and pesticides on the microflora. Mededelingen – Faculteil Landbouvnoetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Qent 35, 465–492.Google Scholar
Bollen, W. B. (1961). Interactions between pesticides and soil micro-organisms. Annual Review of Microbiology 15, 69–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catt, J. A., Kino, D. W. & Weir, A. H. (1975). The soils of Wobum Experimental Farm. I. Great Hill, Road Piece and Butt Close. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1974, part 2, pp. 5–28.Google Scholar
Chandra, P. & Bollen, W. B. (1961). Effects of nabam and mylone on nitrification, soil respiration, and microbial numbers in four Oregon soils. Soil Science 92, 387–393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbett, D. C. M. & Webb, R. M. (1975). Root-lesion nematodes. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1974, part 1, p. 182.Google Scholar
Cordkn, M. E. & Young, R. A. (1965). Changes in the soil microflora following fungicide treatments. Soil Science 99, 272–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebbels, D. L. (1968). The effects of soil sterilants on agricultural crops. Ph.D. thesis, University of Reading.Google Scholar
Eissa, M. F. M. (1971). The effect of partial soil sterilization on plant parasitic nematodes and plant growth. Mededelingen - Landbouwhogeschool te Wageningen 71 No. 14, 129 pp.Google Scholar
Hough, M. (1971). Accumulated temperature above 10 °C in relation to maize for grain. Maize Development Association Bulletin 23, 6–12.Google Scholar
Hough, M. (1972). Temperature and silage. Maize Development Association Bulletin 38, 6–8.Google Scholar
Jenkinson, D. S. (1966). Studies on the decomposition of plant material in soil. II. Partial sterilization of soil and the soil biomass. Journal of Soil Science 17, 280–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkinson, D. S. & Powlson, D. S. (1970). Residual effects of soil fumigation on soil respiration and mineralization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2, 99–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krüger, W. & Weiler, N. (1975). Über die Anfälligkeit der Maishybriden gegen Wurzelfäule. Zeitschrift für Acker- und Pflanzenbau 141, 205–210.Google Scholar
Mann, H. H. (1957). Wobum Experimental Station, maize. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1956, p. 209.Google Scholar
Milbourn, G. M. & Breeze, V. G. (1978). Agronomy of grain maize. Homegrown Cereals Authority Progress Reports on Research and Development 1976, 1977, pp. 9–10.Google Scholar
Phipps, R. H. & Pain, B. F. (1975). Levels of fertilizer for forage maize. ADAS Quarterly Review 18, 49–54.Google Scholar
Reinecke, P. (1978). Microdochium bolleyi at the stem base of oereals. Zeitschrift für Pflanzerkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 85, 679–685.Google Scholar
Sheldrick, R. D. (1979). Integration of maize in the cropping programme. Maize: Journal of the Maize Development Association, No. 14 (Spring 1979), 9–11.Google Scholar
Sheldrick, R. D. & Wilkinson, J. M. (1980). Recent developments in the production and utilisation of forage maize. ADAS Quarterly Review 37, 95–110.Google Scholar
Thom, H. C. S. (1954). The rational relationship between heating degree days and temperature. Monthly Weather Review, U.S. Department of Agriculture 82, 1–6.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tichelaar, C. M. (1978). Two new root diseases of wheat in the Netherlands. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 27, 154.Google Scholar
Whitehead, A. G. & Hemming, J. R. (1965). A comparison of some quantitative methods of extracting small vermiform nematodes from soil. Annals of Applied Biology 55, 25–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, T. D. (1969). The effects of formalin, nabam, irrigation and nitrogen on Heterodera avenae Woll., Ophiobolus graminis Sacc. and the growth of spring wheat. Annals of Applied Biology 64, 325–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar