Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T05:01:51.224Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of concentrate supplementation on high-yielding dairy cows under two systems of grazing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

C. M. Arriaga-Jordan  and
W. Holmes
C. M. Arriaga-Jordan
Affiliation:
Wye College, University of London
W. Holmes
Affiliation:
Wye College, University of London
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

An experiment with 36 high-yielding spring-calving cows studied the effect of 1 or 6 kg/day of concentrates offered to cows on either continuously stocked grazing or rotational strip grazing. A 4 × 4 latin-square design with periods of 3 weeks duration was adopted.

Mean yield was 29 kg/day of fat corrected milk (FCM). The continuously stocked cows had higher milk yields, consumed more herbage organic matter, grazed longer, with bites of smaller size and responded less in total intake to the higher level of concentrates than the strip-grazed cows. The higher concentrate treatment increased milk yields but reduced fat contents so that the average response was 0·26 kg FCM/kg concentrate. There was no difference in response to concentrate allowance between grazing treatments.

The differences recorded between grazing systems were attributable mainly to differences in green herbage allowance, which was greater with continuous grazing.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 107 , Issue 2 , October 1986 , pp. 453 - 461
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arnold, G. W. & Holmes, W. (1958). The influence of strip grazing versus controlled free grazing on milk yield, milk composition and pasture utilization. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 51, 248–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arriaga-Jordan, C. M. (1985). Studies on the response to supplementation by dairy cows at pasture. Ph.D. thesis, Wye College, University of London.Google Scholar
Arriaga-Jordan, C. M. & Holmes, W. (1986). The effect of cereal concentrate supplementation on the digestibility of herbage-based diets for lactating dairy cows. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 106, 581–592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caird, L. & Holmes, W. (1986). The prediction of voluntary intake of grazing dairy cows. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 107, 43–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chacon, E. & Stobbs, T. H. (1976). Influence of progressive defoliation of a grass sward on the eating behaviour of cattle. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 27, 709–727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cochran, W. G. & Cox, G. M. (1957). Experimental Designs. 2nd edn.New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Crampton, E. W. & Maynard, L. A. (1938). The relation of cellulose and lignin content to the nutritive value of animal feeds. Journal of Nutrition 15, 383–395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
East of Scotland College or Agriculture (1976). Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No. 6.Google Scholar
Ernst, P., Le Du, Y. L. P. & Carlier, L. (1980). Animal and sward production under rotational and continuous grazing management: a critical appraisal. In The Role of Nitrogen in Intensive Grassland Production (ed. Prins, W. H. and Arnold, G. H.). Proceedings International Symposium of the European Grassland Federation, pp. 119–126. Wageningen: PUDOC.Google Scholar
Frame, J. (1981). Herbage mass. In Sward Measurement Handbook (ed. Hodgson, J., Baker, R. D., Davies, A., Laidlaw, A. S. and Leaver, J. D.), pp. 39–70. Hurloy: British Grassland Society.Google Scholar
Gill, J. L. (1978). Design and Analysis of Experiments in the Animal and Medical Sciences. Volumes 1, 407 pp. and II, 301 pp. Ames: Iowa University Press.Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. (1980). The role of supplements in the spring calving dairy herd. Proceedings Winter Meeting, British Grassland Society, pp. 1.1–1.7.Google Scholar
Hodgson, J. (1977). Factors limiting herbage intake by the grazing animal. In Proceedings of the International Meeting on Animal Production from Temperate Grassland, Dublin (ed. Gilsenan, B.), pp. 70–75.Google Scholar
Hodgson, J., Tayler, J. C. & Lonsdale, C. R. (1971). The relationship between intensity of grazing andthe herbage consumption and growth of calves. Journal of the British Grassland Society 26, 231–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hood, A. E. M. (1974). Intensive set stocking of dairy cows. Journal of the British Grassland Society 29, 63–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jamieson, W. S. & Hodgson, J. (1979). The effect of daily herbage allowance and sward characteristics upon the ingestive behaviour and herbage intake of calves under strip-grazing management. Grass and Forage Science 34, 272–282.Google Scholar
Jennings, P. G. (1983). Studies on the influence of supplementary feeding on the performance of grazing dairy cows. Ph.D. thesis, Wye College, University of London.Google Scholar
Jennings, P. G. & Holmes, W. (1984). Supplementary feeding of dairy cows on continuously stocked pasture. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 103, 161–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Journet, M. & Demarquilly, C. (1979). Grazing. In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow (ed. Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.), pp. 295–231. EAAP Publication 25. London: Granada Publishing.Google Scholar
Leaver, J. D. (1981). The contribution of grass and conserved forages to the nutrient requirements for milk production. In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – 1981 (ed. Haresign, W.), pp. 71–80. London: Butterworths.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leaver, J. D. (1985). Milk production from grazed temporary grassland. Journal of Dairy Research 52, 313–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leaver, J. D., Campling, R. C. & Holmes, W. (1968). Use of supplementary feeds for grazing dairy cows. Dairy Science Abstracts 30, 356–361.Google Scholar
Le Du, Y. L. P., Combellas, J., Hodgson, J. & Baker, R. D. (1979). Herbage intake and milk production by grazing cows. 2. The effects of level of winter feeding and daily herbage allowance. Grass and Forage Science 34, 249–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Du, Y. L. P. & Penning, P. D. (1982). Animal based techniques for estimating herbage intake. Herbage Intake Handbook (ed. Leaver, J. D.), pp. 37–76. Hurley: British Grassland Society.Google Scholar
Mathieson, J. & Davidson, J. (1970). The automated estimation of chromic oxide. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 29, 30A–31A.Google Scholar
Meijs, J. A. C. (1981). Herbage Intake by Grazing Dairy Cows, 264 pp. Wageningen: PUDOC.Google Scholar
Meijs, J. A. C. & Hoekstra, J. A. (1984). Concentrate supplementation of grazing dairy cows. I. Effect of concentrate intake and herbage allowance on herbage intake. Grass and Forage Science 39, 59–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Ageicultube, Fisheries and Food (1979). Nutrient Allowances and Composition of Feedingstuffs for Ruminants. Booklet 2087.Google Scholar
Mitcheson, R. C. (1969). Determination of nitrogen in malt and barley using the Technicon auto-analyser. Technicon Symposium No. 40.Google Scholar
Newberry, R. D., Wilkins, R. J. & Woodcock, S. C. F. (1983). The effect of residual herbage height on milk production of grazing dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science 38, 143–144.Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, M. (1984). Measurement of grazing behaviour and herbage intake on two different grazing management systems for beef production. In Grassland Beef Production (ed. Holmes, W.), pp. 141–150. The Hague/Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers for the European Communities.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarker, A. B. (1973). Aspects of nutritional behaviour in dairy cows. M. Phil, thesis, University of London.Google Scholar
Sarker, A. B. & Holmes, W. (1974). The influence of supplementary feeding on the herbage intake and grazing behaviour of dry cows. Journal of the British Grassland Society 29, 141–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stobbs, T. H. (1970). Automatic measurement of grazing time by dairy cows on tropical grass and legume pastures. Tropical Grasslands 4, 237–244.Google Scholar
Stuth, J. W., Kirby, D. R. & Chmielewski, R. E. (1981). Effect of herbage allowance on the efficiency of defoliation by the grazing animal. Grass and Forage Science 36, 9–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyrrell, H. F. & Reid, J. T. (1965). Prediction of the energy value of cow's milk. Journal of Dairy Science 48, 1215–1223.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed