Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T03:09:08.080Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Distribution of 14carbon-labelled assimilates in flowering plants of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

D. R. Keiller
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Biology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3DX

Summary

A study has been made of the distribution of 14carbon-labelled assimilates in flowering oilseed rape plants. Up to 10 days after anthesis individual flowers were strong sinks for assimilates for 2 days after opening but thereafter became weak sinks for a period of 24 h. This period coincided with pollination and subsequent fertilization. After fertilization the young pods again became strong sinks. Between 13 and 16 days after anthesis other flower buds, flowers and young pods which had previously been strong sinks failed to attract assimilates and aborted. This fall in sink capacity occurred at about the same time on all branches and appeared to be co-ordinated on a whole-plant basis.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, E. J. & Morgan, D. G. (1972). A quantitative analysis of the effects of nitrogen on the growth, development and yield of oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 78, 315324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, E. J. & Morgan, D. G. (1975). A quantitative comparison of the growth development and yield of different varieties of oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 85, 159174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barendse, G. W. M., Rodrigues-Pereira, A. S., Benkers, P. A., Driessen, F. M., Van Eyden-Emons, A. & Linskens, H. F. (1970). Growth hormones in pollen, styles and ovaries of Petunia hybrida and of Lilium species. Ada botanica neerlandica 19, 175–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binne, R. C. & Clifford, P. E. (1981). Flower and pod production in Phaseolus vulgaris. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 97, 397402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brar, G. & Thies, W. (1977). Contribution of leaves, stem, siliquas and seeds to dry matter accumulation in ripening seeds of rapeseed. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie 82, 19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, J. M. (1979). Intra-plant variation in the number of seeds/pods and seed weight in Brassica napus (Tower). Canadian Journal of Plant Science 59, 959–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coombe, B. G. (1959). Physiological aspects of fruit set and development in Vitis vinifera. Ph.D. thesis, University of California.Google Scholar
Coombe, B. G. (1970). Fruit set in grape vines: the mechanism of the CCC effect. Journal of Horticultural Science 44, 415425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coombe, B. G. (1973). The regulation of set and development of the grape berry. Acta Horticulturae 34, 261274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, J. L., Al-Shalan, I. & Carlson, R. M. (1973). Abscission of Pistachio inflorescence buds as influenced by leaf and area and number of nuts. Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science 98, 591595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diepenbrock, W. & Geisler, G. (1979). Compositional changes in developing pods and seeds of oilseed rape as affected by pod position on the plant. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 59, 819830.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farrington, P. & Pate, J. S. (1981). Fruit set in Lupinus angustifolius cv. Unicrop. 1. Phenology and growth during flowering and early fruiting. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 8, 293305.Google Scholar
Foss, R. A. (1977). The identification of selection criteria to be used in breeding Brassica juncea cv. Coss and Cern for improved yield. Ph.D thesis, University of Reading.Google Scholar
Fowler, D. B. & Downey, R. K. (1970). Lipid and morphological changes in developing rapeseed. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80, 233247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freyman, S., Charnetski, W. A. & Crookson, R. K. (1973). Role of leaves in the formation of seed in rape. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 53, 693694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hale, C. R. & Weaver, R. J. (1962). The effect of developmental stage on the direction of translocation of photosynthate in Vitis vinifera. Hilgardia 33, 89131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harlan, J. R., de Wet, J. M. J. & Price, E. G. (1973). Comparative evolution of cereals. Evolution 27, 311325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heslop-Harrison, J. (1972). Sexuality of angiosperms. In Plant Physiology: a Treatise, Vol. VIC (ed. Steward, F. C.), pp. 133271. New York, London: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hori, J. & Fujii, S. (1961). The growth substance economy before and after flowering in each organ of Portulaea grandiflora. Botanical Magazine (Tokyo) 74, 357360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hozyo, Y., Kato, S. & Kobayashi, J. (1972). Photosynthetic activity of the pods of rape plants (Brassica napus L.) and the contributions of the pods to the ripening of rape seeds. Proceedings of the Crop Science Society of Japan 41, 420425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huff, A. & Dybing, C. D. (1980). Factors affecting the shedding of flowers in soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Marl.) Journal of Experimental Botany 31, 751762.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keiller, D. R. & Mathers, J. C. (1983). Preparation of 14Carbon-labelled plant material for liquid scintillation counting. International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 34, 14791480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahin, D. T. & Lofberg, R. T. (1966). A simplified method of sample preparation for determination of Trilum, Carbon-14, or Sulphur-35 in blood and tissue by liquid scintillation counting. Analytical Biochemistry 16, 500509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Major, D. J. & Charnetski, W. A. (1976). Distribution of 14carbon-labelled assimilates in rape plants. Crop Science 16, 530533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayak, S., Halevy, A. H. & Katz, M. (1972). Correlative changes in phytohormpnes in relation to senescence process in rose petals. Physiologia Plantarum 27, 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendham, N. J. (1981). The crop physiology of rapeseed. In World Crops: Production, Utilization and Description Vol. 5 (ed. Bunting, E. S.), pp. 1736. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Murakami, Y. (1975). The role of gibberellins in the growth of floral organs of Mirabilis jalapa. Plant and Cell Physiology 16, 337345.Google Scholar
Norton, G. & Harris, J. (1975). Compositional changes in developing rape seed. Planta 123, 163174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norton, G., Harris, J. & Tomlinson, A. (1977). Development and deposition of protein in oilseeds. Proceedings of the 24th Easter School of Agricultural Science (ed. Norton, G.), University of Nottingham. London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Ojehomon, O. O. (1970). Effect of continuous removal of open flowers on the seed yield of cowpea. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 74, 375381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ojehomon, O. O. (1972). Fruit abscission in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). Journal of Experimental Botany 23, 751761.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pate, J. S. & Farrington, P. (1981). Fruit set in Lupinus angustifolius cv. Unicrop. II. Assimilate flow during flowering and early fruiting. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 8, 307318.Google Scholar
Pearson, O. H. (1933). Study of the life history of Brassica oleracea. Botanical Gazette 94, 534550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robbelen, G. & Thies, W. (1980). Biosynthesis of seed oil and breeding for improved oil quality of rapeseed. In Brassica Crops and Wild Allies. Biology and Breeding (ed. Tsunoda, S., Hinata, K. and Gomez-Campo, C.), pp. 253278. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press.Google Scholar
Shiroya, M., Lister, G. R, Nelson, D. C. & Krotov, G. (1961). Translocation of 14carbon in tobacco at different stages of development following assimilation of 14CO2 by a single leaf Canadian Journal of Botany, 39, 855886.Google Scholar
Tang, Y. W., Cheng, C. H., Hsu, T. W., Chang, Y. H. & Tsai, K. (1974). In Plant Growth Substances 1973, Hirokawa, Tokyo, pp. 10421051. As cited by Goodwin, P. B. (1978). Phytohormones and fruit growth. In Phytohormones and Related Compounds: a Comprehensive Treatise (ed. D. S. Letham, P. B. Goodwin and T. J. V. Higgins), Phytohormones and the Development of Higher Plants, Vol. II, pp. 175–214. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press.Google Scholar
Tayo, T. O. & Morgan, D. G. (1975). Quantitative analysis of the growth, development and distribution of flowers and pods in oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 85, 103110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tayo, T. O. & Morgan, D. G. (1979). Factors influencing flower and pod development in oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92, 363373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Steveninck, R. F. M. (1957). Factors affecting the abscission of reproductive organs in yellow lupins (Lupinus luteus L.). I. Effects of different patterns of flower removal. Journal of Experimental Botany 8, 373381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Stevenick, R. F. M. (1958). Factors affecting the abscission of reproductive organs in yellow lupins (Lupinus luteus L.) II. The effects of growth substances, defoliation and removal of lateral growth. Journal of Experimental Botany 9, 372383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Steveninck, R. F. M. (1959 a). Abscission accelerators in lupins (Lupinus luteus L.). Nature 183, 12461248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Steveninck, R. F. M. (1959 b). Factors affecting the abscission of reproductive organs in yellow lupins (Lupinus luteus L.). III. Endogenous growth substances in virusinfected and healthy plants and their effect on abscission. Journal of Experimental Botany 10, 367376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, C. G. (1927). Some nitrogenous constituents of corn pollen. Journal of Agricultural Research 35, 261278.Google Scholar
Wardlaw, I. F. (1968). The control and pattern of movement of carbohydrates in plants. Botanical Review 32, 79105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar