^{page 60 note 1} [1962] E.A. 383.

^{page 60 note 2} 1962 R. & N. 133.

^{page 61 note 1} 1956, R. & N. 195.

^{page 61 note 2} [1942] A.C. 1.

^{page 61 note 3} [1946] A.C. 588.

^{page 61 note 4} [1946] A.C. 83.

^{page 61 note 5} (1924), 18 Cr. App. R. 160.

^{page 61 note 6} (1948), 33 Cr. App. R. 51.

^{page 61 note 7} (1958), 100 C.L.R. 448.

^{page 61 note 8} R. v. Biggin (1920), 14 Cr. App. R. 87; R.v. Whalley (1835), 7 C. & P. 245; R. v. Patience (1837), 7 C. & P. 776; R. v. Bull (1839), 9 C. & P. 22 R. v. Weston, 14 C0X C.C. 351.

^{page 61 note 9} R. v. Mackay, 1957 V.R. 560.

^{page 61 note 10} R. v. Barilla, [1944] 4 D.L.R. 344.

^{page 61 note 11} Commonwealth v. Beverly (1935), 335 Ky. 35.

^{page 61 note 12} R. v. Ngoilale (1951), 18 E.A.C.A. 164; R. v. Shaushi (1951), 18 E.A.C.A. 198; Hau v. R.(1954), 21 E.A.C.A. 276; Yozefu Engichu v. R. (1954), 21 E.A.C.A. 294.

^{page 61 note 13} H.M. Adv. v. Kizileviczius, 1938 S.C. 60.

^{page 61 note 14} Detsera v. R., 1958 R. & N. 51.

^{page 61 note 15} [1961] 3 All E.R. 463.

^{page 61 note 16} [1953[ A.C. 200.

^{page 61 note 17} (1953) 26 E.A.A.C. 339.

^{page 61 note 18} 1961 R. & A. 337.

^{page 62 note 1} Cap. 20, ss. 19 and 32 (1), and cap. 16, s. 19, respectively.

^{page 62 note 2} [1959] E.A. 660.

^{page 63 note 3} [1957] E.A. 422.