¹ Anderson, David M. and Branch, Daniel, “Allies at the End of Empire-Loyalists, Nationalists and the Cold War, 1945-76,” The International History Review 39, no. 1 (2017): 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

² White, Luise, Fighting and Writing: The Rhodesian Army at War and Postwar (Durham: Duke University Press, 2021).Google Scholar

³ On this point, Howard takes inspiration from, Moyd, Michelle R., Violent Intermediaries: African Soldiers, Conquest, and Everyday Colonialism in German East Africa (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2014).Google Scholar

⁴ For contrasting examples of African soldiers compelled to fight to avoid severe physical abuse by their white officers see, Bolliger, Lennart, Apartheid's Black Soldiers: Un-national Wars and Militaries in Southern Africa (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2021)Google Scholar. I have described Black soldiers in certain South African military units as bondsmen rather than mercenaries in, Vartavarian, Mesrob, “Black Soldiers of the Apartheid State: Pawns, Agents, Neither or Both?” Journal of Southern African Studies 48, no. 5 (2022), 943–944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁵ Other examples of African nostalgia have been explored in, Dlamini, Jacob, Native Nostalgia (Auckland Park: Jacana Media, 2009)Google Scholar and Piot, Charles, Nostalgia for the Future: West Africa after the Cold War (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar