Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T09:16:15.759Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Connexions between ‘Primary Resistance’ Movements and Modern Mass Nationalism in East and Central Africa: II

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2009

T. O. Ranger
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In the first part of this article a number of possible connexions between ‘the last-ditch resisters’ and the ‘earliest organizers of armed risings’, and later leaders of opposition to colonial rule in East and Central Africa, were explored. It was argued that African ‘primary’ resistance shaped the environment in which later politics developed; it was argued that resistance had profound effects upon white policies and attitudes; it was argued that there was a complicated interplay between manifestations of ‘primary’ and of ‘secondary’ opposition, which often overlapped with and were conscious of each other. Then the argument turned to a more ambitious proposition, namely that ‘during the course of the resistances, or some of them, types of political organization or inspiration emerged which looked in important ways to the future; which in some cases are directly and in others indirectly linked with later manifestations of African opposition’.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of African History , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , October 1968 , pp. 631 - 641
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1968

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Bessell, , op. cit. ‘Nyabingi’ Uganda Journal, 6, no. 2 (1938).Google Scholar

2 Wipper, A., ‘The cult of Mumbo’, East African Institute Conference paper, 01 1966;Google ScholarOgot, B. A., ‘British administration in the Central Nyanza district of Kenya’, J. Afr. Hist. IV, no. 2 (1963).Google Scholar

3 Welime, J. D., ‘Dini ya Msambwa’, Research Seminar Paper, Dar es Salaam (1965).Google Scholar

4 Sundkler, B. G. M., Bantu Prophets in South Africa (London, 1961);Google ScholarRanger, T. O., ‘The early history of independency in Southern Rhodesia’, Religion in Africa, ed. Watt, W. Mon tgomery (Edinburgh, 1964), 54–7.Google Scholar

5 Lonsdale, J. M., ‘A political history of Nyanza, 1883–1945’, Cambridge University Ph.D. thesis (1964), chaps. 11 and 12.Google Scholar

6 Shamuyarira, N. S., Crisis in Rhodesia (London, 1965), 68–9.Google Scholar

7 Interview between Mr G. C. K. Gwassa and Mzee Hassan Mkape, Kilwa Kivinje, June 1966.

8 Speech by J. K. Nyerere, 20 December 1956 to the 578th meeting of the Fourth Committee of the United Nations; editorial comment, The Nationalist, 18 September 1967.

9 ‘Spotlight on Zimbabwe’, The Nationalist, 18 07 1967;Google ScholarDavis, Mugabe, ‘Rhodesia's African majority’, Africa Report, 02 1967.Google Scholar

10 Andrew, Roberts, ‘The Lumpa Church of Alice Lenshina and its antecedents’, mimeo. (Dar es Salaam, 1967). Dr Roberts argues that the clash between the Lumpa Church and the United National Independence Party arose because both organizations were making claims to exclusive emotional commitment in the same area. The Church reacted against the loss of many of its numbers to the later secular mass movement.Google Scholar

11 Fox, R. C., de Cramer, W. and Ribeaucourt, J. M., ‘The second independence: a case study of the Kwilu Rebellion in the Congo’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, VIII, no. 1 (10 1965).Google Scholar