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⁴ Shaw feels that the greater quantity of metal work and the greater use of the cire perdue technique in one site argues for its being later than the ninth century site (Igbo-Ukwu, I, 28). He further concludes that the bead evidence ‘does not favour a date after the sixteenth century’, but he argues for the possibility of an earlier date by comparison with similar beads found at Ingombe Ilede and originally dated to the eighth/ninth centuries (pp. 259–60). He similarly suggests an early date for iron drawing-plates found at Igbo-Ukwu which were similar to ones found at Ingombe Ilede (p. 261). However, the redating of the rich burials at Ingombe Ilede to c. A.D. 1400 should force a reconsideration of the dates of the analogous finds at Igbo-Ukwu. (See Phillipson, D. W. and Brian, Fagan, ‘The Date of the Ingombe Ilede Burials’,J. Afr. Hist. X (1969), 199–204.) A disposal it at Igbo-Ukwu, which Shaw considers to be the oldest site and considers to have been filled on a single occasion, yielded a mid-fifteenth-century date in addition to the ninth- century ones (p. 260). The untangling of this must await additional evidence.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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⁶ Ibid. 64, 67, 261.

⁷ Ibid. 242–9.

⁸ Ibid. 209.

⁹ Ibid. 225–39.

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