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F. S. Malan, the Cape Liberal Tratition, and South African Politics 1908–1924

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2009

Peter Kallaway
Affiliation:
University of Witwatersrand

Extract

F. S. Malan's role, and the influence of the Cape ‘liberal’ tradition in the post-Union era, have been seriously under-estimated. As Minister of Mines and Industries and effective Minister of Native Affairs, Malan was responsible for the passage of a comprehensive system of labour legislation between 1913 and 1924, linked to a new initiative in ‘native policy’ in urban areas. The limitations of such an initiative must, however, not be lost sight of, for in the last analysis few of the Cape ‘liberals’ would have been prepared to face the full social and economic, let alone the political implications of a multi-racial society, and Malan was no exception. His initiative can best be seen as differing in tone rather than in substance from the politics of his colleagues. In his defence of the Cape franchise, Malan sought to defend African citizenship rights within a limited ‘political’ context. It was only during the brief period after 1918 that he attempted a settlement of race and industrial problems, but even then, as a Cape ‘liberal’, he never challenged the basis of the status quo in South Africa. Yet it is still true to say that he was ousted from party politics in the Union after 1924 largely because he persistently adhered to a different political tradition to that held by those who led both the SAP and the National Party.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1974

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References

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34 Cape Times Parliamentary Debates, 3 Apr. 1917. Burton, a Cape liberal who had been closely involved with native policy since Union, also praised the Bill as ‘a signal triumph for the Cape tradition’ and argued that it in no way abrogated the rights of Africans in the Cape.Google Scholar

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54 Malan's links with capitalist mining interests at this time offer an interesting parallel to his association with the ‘Kindergarten’ in the years prior to Union. (See Kallaway, P., ‘F. S. Malan, the Cape liberal tradition and the Politics of Union. 1900–1910’, unpublished typescript, 1973.)Google Scholar

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82 Ibid. 7 Feb. 1923.

83 Select Committee 3—1923, 17.Google Scholar

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87 Trapido, S., ‘White conflict and Non-White Participation’ op. cit. 206.Google Scholar