Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T05:05:53.851Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Wilsonian moment in Yanaihara Tadao's political thought

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2018

Ryoko Nakano
Ryoko Nakano*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Law, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
*
Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Albeit with little reference to Woodrow Wilson, Yanaihara Tadao, the Chair of Colonial Policy at Tokyo Imperial University in the 1920s and 1930s, and a pious Christian, adapted the core ideas of Wilsonian liberalism such as national self-determination, multilateralism, and democracy to the political and legal framework of imperial Japan. Yanaihara advocated the principle of autonomy for the Japanese empire to transform itself into the core of a liberal international order. He articulated that the combination of colonialism and unfettered capitalism had detrimental effects on the colonized and advocated for a Japanese empire that reflected the voice of its colonized people. However, having seen little improvement in the status of the colonized, Yanaihara increasingly regarded Japanese pan-Asianist ideas in the 1930s as a cover-up of Japanese expansionism. Almost abandoning his earlier ideas about empire as a multiethnic society, he criticized Japan's military venture as economically unprofitable, and policies toward Manchuria as stoking the rise of Chinese nationalism. He advocated for the normative framework advanced by the Mandate System of the League of Nations as a way toward the universalization of sovereignty, and protection of stateless populations. The failure of the Wilsonian moment in Japan forced Yanaihara out of Tokyo Imperial University but also strengthened his inclination towards liberal internationalism.

Keywords

Colonial studiesempireliberal internationalismself-determinationWilsonianYanaihara Tadao
Type
Special Section, The Wilsonian Moment: Japan, 1912–1952 (Edited by Takashi Inoguchi)
Information
Japanese Journal of Political Science , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , December 2018 , pp. 600 - 611
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asada, Kyoji (1989) Hosokawa Karoku no Shokuminron (Hosokawa Karoku's Colonial Theory). Journal of the Faculty of Economics of Komazawa University 47, 1–189.Google Scholar
Asada, Kyoji (1990) Nihon Shokuminchi Kenkyushiron (Studies on the Historiography of Japanese Colonialism). Tokyo: Miraisha.Google Scholar
Chen, E-t (1984) The attempt to integrate the empire: legal perspective. In Myers, RH and Peattie, MR (eds), The Japanese Colonial Empire, 1895–1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, pp. 240–274.Google Scholar
Doak, KM (2003) Liberal nationalism in imperial Japan: the Dilemma of Nationalism and Internationalism. In Stegewerns, D (ed.), Nationalism and Internationalism in Imperial Japan: Autonomy, Asian Brotherhood, or World Citizenship? London and New York: Routledge Curzon, pp. 17–41.Google Scholar
Dower, JW (1999) Embracing the Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. New York: W W Norton & Co.Google Scholar
Funabashi, Yoichi (2015) Tanzan Dokuhon (Reading Tanzan). Tokyo: Toyo Keizai Shimposha.Google Scholar
Hakari, Yoshiharu (1989) Mukyokai no Tenkai (The Development of Non-Church Christians). Tokyo: Shinchi Shobo.Google Scholar
Hankins, B (2016) Woodrow Wilson: Ruling Elder, Spiritual President. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kang, San Jun (1993) Shakai Kagaku-sha no Shokumin Ninshiki: Shokumin Seisaku to Orientarismu (Social scientists’ perception of colonialism: colonial policy and orientalism). In Yamanouchi, Yasushi, Ninomiya, Hiroyuki, Shiozawa, Yoshinori, Kang San, Jun, Murakami, Junichi, Sasaki, Takeshi, Sugiyama, Mitsunobu and Sudo, Osamu (eds), Iwanami Koza Shakai Kagakuno Hoho 3: Nihon Shakai Kagaku no Shiso (Iwanami Lectures on the Methodology of Social Sciences 3: The Philosophy of Japanese Social Sciences). Tokyo: Iwanami, pp. 101–130.Google Scholar
Kang, San Jun (1995) Kirisutokyō, Shokuminchi, Kenpo (Christianity, Colony and the Constitution). Gendai Shiso (Modern Philosophy) 23, 62–76.Google Scholar
Kasuya, Kenichi (1992) Chosen Sotokufu no Bunka Seiji’ (Cultural rule of the Governor-General's Office in Korea). In Oe, Shinoo, Asada, Kyoji, Mitani, Taichiro, Goto, Kenichi and Kobayashi, Hideo (eds), Iwanami Kōza Kindai Nihon to Shokuminchi (Iwanami Lectures on Modern Japan and Its Colonies), vol. 2. Tokyo: Iwanami, pp. 121–146.Google Scholar
Kawata, Tadashi (1996) Kokusai Kankei Kenkyu (International Relations). Tokyo: Tokyo Shoseki.Google Scholar
Manela, Erez (2007) The Wilsonian Moment: Self-Determination and the International Origins of Anticolonial Nationalism. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Marshall, B.K. (1978) Academic factionalism in Japan: the case of the Todai Economics Department, 1919–1939. Modern Asian Studies 12, 529–551.Google Scholar
Mitani, Taichiro (2000) Kokusai kankyo no hendo to nihon no chishikijin’ (dynamics of international environment and Japanese intellectuals). In Hosoya, Chihiro, Imai, Seiichi, Saito, Makoto and Rōyama, Michio (eds), Nichibei Kankeishi: Kaisen ni Itaru Junen 1931-41 (Ten Year History of Japan-U.S. Relations before the War, 1931-41). Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku Shuppankai, pp. 131–173.Google Scholar
Nakano, Ryoko (2006) Uncovering Shokumin: Yanaihara Tadao's Concept of Global Civil Society. Social Science Japan Journal 9, 187–202.Google Scholar
Nakano, Ryoko (2013) Beyond the Western Liberal Order: Yanaihara Tadao and Empire as Society. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Nolte, SH (1987) Liberalism in Modern Japan: Ishibashi Tanzan and His Teachers, 1905-1960. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Okawara, Reizo (1987) Yanaihara Jiken 50-nen (The Yanaihara Incident Fifty Years). Tokyo: Mokutakusha.Google Scholar
Peattie, MR (1984) Japanese attitudes toward colonialism, 1895–1945. In Myers, RH and Peattie, MR (eds), The Japanese Colonial Empire, 1895–1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, pp. 80–127.Google Scholar
Sai, Kokki (1979) Taiwan to Taiwanjin: Aidentiti wo Motomete (Taiwan and Taiwanese: Seeking Identity). Tokyo: Kenbun shuppan.Google Scholar
Sakai, Tetsuya (2008) The political discourse of international order in modern Japan: 1868–1945. Japanese Journal of Political Science 9, 233–249.Google Scholar
Schneider, MA (1999) The limits of cultural rule: internationalism and identity in Japanese responses to Korean Rice. In Shin, G-W and Robinson, M (eds), Colonial Modernity in Korea. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, pp. 97–127.Google Scholar
Stegewerns, D (2003) The Japanese ‘civilization critics’ and the national identity of their Asian neighbors, 1918–1932’: the case of Yoshino Sakuzo. In Narangoa, L and Cribb, R (eds), , Imperial Japan and National Identities in Asia, 1895–1945. London and New York: Routledge Curzon, pp. 107–128.Google Scholar
Supreme Court, Judgement of (1963) Case Number (A) No. 2973 of 1956.Google Scholar
Teow, See Heng (1999) Japanese Cultural Policy Toward China, 1918—1931: A Comparative Perspective. Harvard: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Tomiyama, Ichiro (1997) Tropical zone: the academic analysis of difference in the “Island peoples. In Barlo, TE (ed.), Formations of Colonial Modernity ,in East Asia. Durham: Duke University Press, pp. 199–221.Google Scholar
Townsend, SC (2000) Yanaihara Tadao and Japanese Colonial Policy: Redeeming Empire. Richmond: Curzon.Google Scholar
Toyama, Shigeki and Yokota, Yozo (1964) Poporo Jiken (The Popolo Incident). Tokyo: Shinko Shuppan.Google Scholar
Ts'ai, Pei-ho (1920) ‘Waga Shima to Warera’ (Our Peninsula and Us), Taiwan Seinen (Youth Formosa) 1, 13–24.Google Scholar
Tsukamoto, Toraji and Yanaihara, Tadao (1946) Fujii Takeshi Zenshū (The Complete Work of Fujii Takeshi). Tokyo: Iwanami.Google Scholar
Ueda, Miwa (2016) Jiyushugi wa Senso wo Tomerarerunoka (Can Liberalism Stop Wars?). Tokyo: Yoshikawa Kobunkan.Google Scholar
Wakabayashi, Masahiro (2001) Yanaihara Tadao: ‘Teikokushugika no Taiwan’ Seidoku (Intensive Reading of Yanaihara Tadao's Taiwan Under Imperialism). Tokyo: Iwanami.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1923]) Shion Undo ni tsuite (On the Zionist movement). In Nambara, Shigeru, Ouchi, Hyoe, Kurosaki, Koichi, Yanai, Katsumi, Otsuka, Hisao, Fujita, Wakao, Sakai, Kishiro and Yanai, Isaku (eds), Yanaihara Tadao Zenshū (The Complete Works of Yanaihara Tadao) (YTZ Afterwards), vol. 1. Tokyo: Iwanami, pp. 541–594.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1926a]) Chosen Sanbei Zoshoku Keikaku ni tsuite (On the Campaign to Increase Rice Production in Korea), in YTZ, vol. 1, pp. 692–724.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1926b]) Chosen Tochi no Hoshin (The Direction of Rule in Korea), in YTZ, vol. 1, pp. 725–744.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1926c]) Shokumin oyobi Shokumin Seisaku (Population Migration and Colonial Policy), in YTZ, vol. 1, pp. 1–518.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1927]) Shokumin Seisaku no Shin-kicho (The New Foundations of Colonial Policy), in YTZ, vol. 1, pp. 519–766.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1929a]) Sekai Keizai Hatten Katei to shiteno Shokuminshi (The History of Migration as the Process of Developing a World Economy), in YTZ, vol. 4, pp. 141–169.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1929b]) Teikokushugika no Taiwan (Taiwan under Imperialism), in YTZ, vol. 2, pp. 177–480.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1930a]) Shihon Chikuseki to Shokuminchi (The Accumulation of Capital and Colonies), in YTZ, vol. 4, pp. 50–70.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1930b]) Shokuminchi Kokumin Undo to Eiteikoku no Shorai (Nationalist Movement in Colonies and the Future of the British Empire), in YTZ, vol. 4, pp. 416–437.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1934]) Manshu Mondai (The Manchurian Question), in YTZ, vol. 2, pp. 481–684.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1937a]) Shina Mondai no Shozai (Locating the China Question), in YTZ, vol. 4, pp. 326–340.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1937b]) Shokumin Seisaku yori Mitaru Inin Tochi Seido’ (The Mandate System from the View of Colonial Policy), in YTZ, vol. 4, pp. 170–195.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1937c]) Tairiku Seisaku no Saikentō (Re-examination of the Policy towards the Continent), in YTZ, vol. 5, pp. 94–105.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1963 [1955]) Kokusai Keizairon (International Economy), in YTZ, vol. 5, pp. 1–73.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1964 [1929]) Jiyu to Jiyushugi (Freedom and Liberalism), in YTZ, vol. 16, pp. 180–198.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1964 [1933]) Senso to Rieki (War and Interest), in YTZ, vol. 18, pp. 194–197.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1964 [1936]) Jiyu to Seinen (Freedom and Youth), in YTZ, vol. 18, pp. 547–574.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1964 [1937]) Kokka no Riso (The Ideals of the State), in YTZ, vol. 18, pp. 623–646.Google Scholar
Yanaihara, Tadao (1964 [1946]) Ikusa no Ato (Aftermath of the War), in YTZ, vol. 26, pp. 103–117.Google Scholar