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3 See, for example, Morison, Samuel Eliot, The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A.D. 500-1600 (New York 1971)Google Scholar; Quinn, David B., North America from Earliest Discovery to First Voyages: The None Voyages to 1612 (New York 1977)Google Scholar; Quinn, , Explorers and Colonies: America, 1500-1625 (London 1990)Google Scholar.

4 Adriaen van der Donck recorded it first in 1650 and then published it in a different version a few years later. Donck, Van der, ‘The Representation of New Netherland, 1650’ in: Jameson, J. Franklin ed., Narratives ofNew Netherland, 1609–1664 (New York 1909) 293 (hereafter NNN)Google Scholar; Donck, Van der, Description, 3–4Google Scholar . It was eventually recorded in great detail by the eighteenth-century Moravian missionary Heckewelder, John. ‘Indian Tradition of the First Arrival of the Dutch at Manhattan Island, Now New York’ in: Collections of the New-York Historical Society, 2nd series (New York 1841) I. 68–74Google Scholar.

5 The evidence in this article focuses solely upon ethnohistorical evidence – that is evidence relating to and clarified by a study of Native American culture. There is further documentary and cartographical evidence which should be taken into account for a fuller analysis of the early contacts between Europeans and Native Americans in the Hudson River region. For such an analysis, see Otto, Paul, ‘First Contacts’, chapter one in: New Netherland Frontier: Europeans andNativeAmericans along the Lower Hudson River, 1524–1664, dissertation in progress, Indiana University, Bloomington, IndianaGoogle Scholar.

6 Heckewelder wrote on January 26, 1801: ‘As I receive my information from the Indians, in their language and style, I return it the same way.’ He introduced the account by stating that, ‘the following account of die first arrival of Europeans at York Island, is verbatim as it was related to me by aged and respected Delawares, Momeys and Mahicanni, nearly forty years ago’. Heckewelder, , Collections, I, 70–71Google Scholar.

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11 Giovanni de Verrazzano to Francis I. July 8, 1524 in: Quinn, David B. ed., New American World: A Documentary History of North America to 1612, with the assistance of Quinn, Alison M. and Hillier, Susan, vol. I, Americafrom Concejrt to Discovery; Early Exploration of North America (London 1979) 284Google Scholar.

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37 It is not clear where the Half Moon landed and which exact bands of Munsee-speakers the crew met, although these early meetings all took place somewhere in the lower bay, perhaps either on Long Island or near Sandy Hook. See Jameson, , NNN, 17–18Google Scholar and Asher, , Henry Hudson, 77–80Google Scholar.

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