Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T13:46:21.830Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Non-European Teachers in Mission Schools: Introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2016

Abstract

This dossier focusses on non-European teachers within mission schools in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, especially in the period of colonial control. These teachers were central to the missionary project and helped to disseminate both Christianity and Western knowledge across the globe. Local teachers, alongside other mission assistants and helpers, also helped translate, transmit, and transform both Western and local forms of knowledge and contributed to broader discourse about knowledge, yet the importance of their work has often been overshadowed by the work undertaken in examining missionary elites. This dossier, with its extended introduction and three case studies from Africa, the Danish West Indies, and Bolivia, sheds light on the roles of non-European mission teachers as well as their recruitment and training, their self-representations, and methodological as well as conceptual issues about how information on these often inconspicuous intermediaries of mission education can be retrieved from disparate sources.

Type
Articles
Copyright
© 2016 Research Institute for History, Leiden University 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Felicity Jensz received her PhD from the University of Melbourne, Australia and has worked in the Cluster of Excellence for Religion and Politics at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany since 2008. She is currently working on a book project on mission schooling in the British Empire.

References

Bibliography of Works Cited

Adams, David Wallace. Education for Extinction: American Indians and the Boarding School Experience, 1875–1928. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1995.Google Scholar
The American Zula Mission Annual, covering the Year from Annual Meeting 1902 to the close of Annual Meeting 1903. Natal, South Africa: American Zulu Mission of the ABCFM, 1903.Google Scholar
Andrews, Edward E. Native Apostles: Black and Indian Missionaries in the British Atlantic World. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Annual Meeting of the American Board of Mission.” The Wesleyan-Methodist Magazine, 5th ser., 16 (1870): 185–86.Google Scholar
Bagchi, Barnita, Fuchs, Eckhardt and Rousmaniere, Kate, eds. Connecting Histories of Education. New York: Berghahn, 2014.Google Scholar
Ballatyine, Tony. “The Changing Shape of the Modern British Empire and Its Historiography.” Historical Journal 53:2 (2010): 429452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barker, John. “An Oupost in Papua.” In Indigenous Peoples and Religious Change, edited by Peggy Brock, 7997. Leiden: Brill, 2005.Google Scholar
Becker, Judith. Conversio im Wandel. Basler Missionare zwischen Europa und Südindien und die Ausbildung einer Kontaktreligiosität, 1834–1860. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015.Google Scholar
Bickers, Robert A. and Seton, Rosemary, eds. Missionary Encounters: Sources and Issues. Surry: Curzon Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Brock, Peggy. “Two Indigenous Evangelists: Moses Tjalkabota and Arthur Wellington Clah.” Journal of Religious History 27:3 (2003): 348366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cahill, C. D. Federal Fathers & Mothers: A Social History of the United States Indian Service, 1869–1933. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Campbell, Carl. “Towards an Imperial Policy for the Education of Negroes in the West Indies after Emancipation.” Jamaican Historical Review 7 (1967): 68104.Google Scholar
Chakrabarty, Dipesh. Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Differences. Reissue, with a new preface by the author. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Cohan, Bernard S. Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge: The British in India. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Dunch, Ryan. “Beyond Cultural Imperialism: Cultural Theory, Christian Missions, and Global Modernity.” History and Theory 41:3 (2002): 301325.Google Scholar
Etherington, Norman. “Education and Medicine.” In Missions and Empire, 261284. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Etherington, Norman, ed. Missions and Empire. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Frykenberg, Robert. Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Fuchs, Martin, Linkenbach, Antje and Reinhard, Wolfgang. “Introduction.” In Individualisierung durch christliche Mission?, edited by Martin Fuchs, Antje Linkenbach, and Wolfgang Reinhard, 3863. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2015.Google Scholar
Ganter, Regina and Grimshaw, Patricia. “Introduction: Reading the Lives of White Mission Women.” Journal of Australian History 39 (2015): 16.Google Scholar
Gere, A. R. “Indian Heart/White Man’s Head: Native-American Teachers in Indian Schools, 1880–1930.” History of Education Quarterly 45:1 (2005): 3865.Google Scholar
Grimshaw, Patricia and May, Andrew, eds. Missionaries, Indigenous Peoples and Cultural Exchange. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Habermas, Rebekka. “Mission im 19. Jahrhundert—Globale Netze des Religiösen.” Historische Zeitschrift 56 (2008): 629679.Google Scholar
Habermas, Rebekka and Hölzl, Richard, eds. Mission Global. Eine Verflechtungsgeschichte seit dem 19. Jahrhundert. Köln: Böhlau, 2014.Google Scholar
Hall, C. Civilising Subjects: Metropole and Colony in the English Imagination 1830–1867. Cambridge: Polity, 2002.Google Scholar
Hauser, J. “An Island Washed by the Crashing Waves of the Ocean? The Kaiserwerth Deaconesses’ Contribution to Female Education in Late Ottoman Beirut.” PhD diss., University of Göttingen, 2012.Google Scholar
Hefner, R, ed. Conversion to Christianity: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives on a Great Transformation. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Heyden, Ulrich van der and Feldtkeller, Andreas, eds. Missionsgeschichte als Geschichte der Globalisierung von Wissen. Transkulturelle Wissensaneignung und -vermittlung durch christliche Missionare in Afrika und Asien um 17., 18. und 19. Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2012.Google Scholar
Hofmeyr, Isabel. “Dreams, Documents and ‘Fetishes’: African Christian Interpretations of ‘The Pilgrim’s Progress’.” Journal of Religion in Africa 32:4 (2002): 440456.Google Scholar
Holmes, Brian. “British Imperial Policy and the Mission Schools.” In Educational Policy and the Mission Schools: Case Studies from the British Empire, edited by Brian Holmes, 142, 2nd ed. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 2007.Google Scholar
Jensz, Felicity. “The Cultural, Didactic, and Physical Spaces of Mission Schools in the Nineteenth Century.” Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften 24:2 (2013): 7192.Google Scholar
Jensz, Felicity. “Missionaries and Indigenous Education in the 19th-Century British Empire. Part I, Church-State Relations and Indigenous Actions and Reactions.” History Compass 10:4 (2012): 294305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensz, Felicity and Acke, Hanna, eds. Missions and Media: The Politics of Missionary Periodicals in the Long Nineteenth Century. Missionsgeschichtliches Archiv 20. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2013.Google Scholar
Koschorke, Klaus, Hermann, Adrian, Burlacioiu, Ciprian, et al., eds. Discourses of Indigenous Christian Elites in Colonial Societies in Asia and Africa around 1910: A Documentary Sourcebook from Selected Journals. Documents on the History of Christianity in Asia, Africa and Latin America, vol. 4. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2016.Google Scholar
Krige, Sue. “‘Trustees and Agents of the State’? Missions and the Formation of Policy towards African Education, 1910–1920.” South African Historical Journal 40 (1999): 7494.Google Scholar
Kwakye, Abraham N. O. “The West Indian Families and the Development of the Presbyterian Church of Ghana—The Rediscovery of a Missing Heritage.” PhD diss., University of Ghana, Legon, 2011.Google Scholar
MacDonald, Victoria-Maria. “The Paradox of Bureaucratization: New Views on Progressive Era Teaches and the Development of a Woman’s Profession.” History of Education Quarterly 39:4 (1999): 427453.Google Scholar
Maxwell, David. “The Missionary Movement in African and World History: Mission Sources and Religious Encounter.” Historical Journal 58:4 (2015): 901930.Google Scholar
Miller, James R. Shingwauk’s Vision: A History of Native Residential Schools. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Mullins, Steve and Wetherell, David. “LMS Teachers and Colonialism in Torres Strait and New Guinea, 1871–1915.” In The Covenant Makers: Islander Missionaries in the Pacific, edited by D. Munro and A. Thornley, 186209. Suva: Pacific Theological College and the Institute of Pacific Studies at the University of the South Pacific, 1996.Google Scholar
Norman, Alice. “Race, Gender and Colonialism: Public Life among the Six Nations of Grand River, 1899–1939.” PhD diss., University of Toronto, 2010.Google Scholar
Ranger, Terrance. “African Attempts to Control Education in the East and Central Africa, 1900–1939.” Past and Present 32:1 (1965): 5785.Google Scholar
Strong, Rowan. “A Vision of an Anglican Imperialism: The Annual Sermons of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts 1701–1714.” Journal of Religious History 30 (2006): 175198.Google Scholar
Peace, Richard V. “Conflicting Understandings of Christian Conversion: A Missiological Challenge.” International Bulletin of Missionary Research 28:1 (2004): 813.Google Scholar
Porter, Andrew, ed. The Imperial Horizons of British Protestant Missions, 1880–1914. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2003.Google Scholar
Secretaries to the Conference, eds. Conference on Missions Held in 1860 at Liverpool: Including the Papers Read, the Deliberations, and the Conclusions Reached; WITH a Comprehensive Index Shewing the Various Matters Brought under Review. London: Strangeways & Walden, 1860.Google Scholar
Shilling, Donald. “Local Native Councils and the Politics of Education in Kenya, 1925–1939.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 9:2 (1976): 218247.Google Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. “Can the Subaltern Speak?” In Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, edited by C. Nelson and L. Grossberg, 66111. Basingstoke: Macmillan Education, 1988.Google Scholar
Stanley, Brian, ed. Christian Missions and the Enlightenment. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2001.Google Scholar
Strayer, R. W. “The Making of Mission Schools in Kenya: A Microcosmic Perspective.” Comparative Education Review 17:3 (1973): 313330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swartz, Rebecca. “‘Ignorant and Idle.’ Indigenous Education in Natal and Western Australia, 1833–1875.” PhD diss., University of London, 2015.Google Scholar
Veer, Peter van der, ed. Conversion to Modernities: The Globalization of Christianity, Zones of Religion. New York: Routledge, 1996.Google Scholar
Volz, Stephen. “Written on our Hearts: Tswana Christians and the ‘Word of God’ in the Mid-Nineteenth Century.” Journal of Religion in Africa 38:2 (2008): 112140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wendt, H. Die missionarische Gesellschaft. Mikrostrukturen einer kolonialen Globalisierung. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2012.Google Scholar
“Wesleyan Missionary Society.” The Wesleyan-Methodist Magazine, 5th ser., 20 (1870): 553–60.Google Scholar
Whitehead, Clive. “Overseas Education and British Colonial Education 1929–63.” History of Education 32:5 (2003): 561575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Missionary Conference. Report of Commission III, Education in Relation to the Christianisation of National Life. Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier, 1910.Google Scholar
Yates, B. A. “African Reactions to Education: The Congolese Case.” Comparative Education Review 15:2 (1971): 158171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar