Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T03:18:16.118Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The neurology–psychiatry interface in epilepsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 December 2018

Valerie Murphy ,
Brian Hallahan ,
Henry O’ Connell ,
Brenda Wright ,
Brendan D Kelly Open the ORCID record for Brendan D Kelly [Opens in a new window] ,
Gautam Gulati  and
Rohit Shankar
Valerie Murphy*
Affiliation:
Clinical Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University College, Cork, Ireland
Brian Hallahan
Affiliation:
Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
Henry O’ Connell
Affiliation:
Adjunct Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Brenda Wright
Affiliation:
Consultant Forensic Psychiatrist, Central Mental Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Brendan D Kelly
Affiliation:
Professor of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Gautam Gulati
Affiliation:
Adjunct Clinical Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Rohit Shankar
Affiliation:
Honorary Associate Clinical Professor, Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Consultant Neuropsychiatrist Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
*
*Address for correspondence: Valerie Murphy PhD, University College, Cork, Ireland. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Epilepsy and mental illness have a bidirectional association. Psychiatrists are likely to encounter epilepsy as comorbidity. Seizures may present as mental illness. Equally, the management of psychiatric conditions has the potential to destabilise epilepsy. There is a need for structured epilepsy awareness and training amongst psychiatrists. This paper outlines key considerations around diagnosis, treatment and risk while suggesting practical recommendations.

Keywords

Epilepsyintellectual disabilitymental healthpsychiatryseizure
Type
Perspective Piece
Information
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine , Volume 38 , Issue 1: Themed Issue: Physical Health in Mental Illness , March 2021 , pp. 9 - 15
Copyright
© College of Psychiatrists of Ireland 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abou-Khalil, B (2008). Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 4, 507–523.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beletsky, V, Mirsattari, SM (2012). Epilepsy, mental health disorder, or both? Epilepsy Research and Treatment, article ID 163731. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/163731.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blickwedel, J, Ali, A, Hassiotis, A (2017). Epilepsy and challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: a systematic review. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability. https://doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2017.1327039.Google Scholar
Braakman, HM, Vaessen, MJ, Hofman, PA, Debeij-van Hall, MH, Backes, WH, Vles, JS, Aldenkamp, AP (2011). Cognitive and behavioral complications of frontal lobe epilepsy in children: a review of the literature. Epilepsia 52, 849–856.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clarke, MC, Tanskanen, A, Huttunen, MO, Clancy, M, Cotter, DR, Cannon, M (2012). Evidence for shared susceptibility to epilepsy and psychosis: a population-based family study. Biological Psychiatry 71, 836–839.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Espie, CA, Watkins, J, Duncan, R, Sterrick, M, McDonach, E, Espie, E, McGarvey, C (2003). Perspectives on epilepsy in people with intellectual disabilities: comparison of family carer, staff carer and clinician score profiles on the Glasgow Epilepsy Outcome Scale (GEOS). Seizure 12, 195–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, RS, Acevedo, C, Arzimanoglou, A, Bogacz, A, Cross, JH, Elger, CE, Engel, J, Forsgren, L, French, JA, Glynn, M, Hesdorffer, DC, Lee, BI, Mathern, GW, Moshé, SL, Perucca, E, Scheffer, IE, Tomson, T, Watanabe, M, Wiebe, S (2014). ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia 55, 475–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fisher, RS, Vickrey, BG, Gibson, P, Hermann, B, Penovich, P, Scherer, A, Walker, S (2000). The impact of epilepsy from the patient’s perspective I. Descriptions and subjective perceptions. Epilepsy Research 41, 39–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flor-Henry, P (1969). Psychosis and temporal lobe epilepsy: a controlled investigation. Epilepsia 10, 363–395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Getnet, A, Woldeyohannes, SM, Bekana, L, Mekonen, T, Fekadu, W, Menberu, M, Yimer, S, Assaye, A, Belete, A, Belete, H (2016). Antiepileptic drug nonadherence and its predictors among people with epilepsy. Behavioural Neurology 2016, 1–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gold, JA, Sher, Y, Maldonado, JR (2016). Frontal lobe epilepsy: a primer for psychiatrists and a systematic review of psychiatric manifestations. Psychosomatics 57, 445–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutierrez-Angel, AM, Martinez-Juarez, IE, Hernandez-Vanegas, LE, Crail-Melendez, D (2018). Quality of life and level of burden in primary caregivers of patients with epilepsy: Effect of neuropsychiatric comorbidity. Epilepsy & Behavior 81, 12–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harpin, VA (2008). Medication options when treating children and adolescents with ADHD: interpreting the NICE guidance 2006. Archives of Disease in Childhood – Education and Practice 93, 58–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillbom, M, Pieninkeroinen, I, Leone, M (2003). Seizures in alcohol-dependent patients: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. CNS Drugs 17, 1013–1030.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, R, Rickards, H, Cavanna, AE (2010). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in epilepsy: a critical review of the evidence. Functional Neurology 25, 191–194.Google Scholar
Kanner, AM, Rivas-Grajales, AM (2016). Psychosis of epilepsy: a multifaceted neuropsychiatric disorder. CNS Spectrums 21, 247–257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerr, M, Linehan, C, Brandt, C, Kanemoto, K, Kawasaki, J, Sugai, K, Tadokoro, Y, Villanueva, V, Wilmshurst, J, Wilson, S (2016). Behavioral disorder in people with an intellectual disability and epilepsy: a report of the Intellectual Disability Task Force of the Neuropsychiatric Commission of ILAE. Epilepsia Open 1, 102–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linehan, C, Walsh, P, Kerr, M, Brady, G, Kelleher, C (2009). The prevalence of epilepsy in Ireland: a summary report. Brainwave, the Irish Epilepsy Association, Dublin. (http://www.epilepsy.ie/assets/16/BB1D6D7E-D941-18FF-F8010F269F3E5E29_document/Prevalence_Summary.pdf). Accessed 8 April 2018.Google Scholar
Loganathan, MA, Enja, M, Lippmann, S (2015). Forced normalisation: epilepsy and psychosis interaction. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience 12, 38–41.Google Scholar
McEwan, L, Taylor, J, Caswell, M, Entwistle, R, Jacoby, K, Gorry, J, Jacoby, A, Baker, GA (2007). Knowledge of and attitudes expressed toward epilepsy by carers of people with epilepsy: a UK perspective. Epilepsy & Behavior 11, 13–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moloney, N, Smithwick, D, Mullane, N, O’Sullivan, D, Gulati, G (2017). Epilepsy in psychiatric inpatient settings: the “Yellow Card” initiative – a completed audit cycle from the Mid-West. Poster Presented at the Annual Psychiatry Study Day at the University of Limerick, December 2017.Google Scholar
Murray, RM, Lewis, SW (1987). Is schizophrenia a neurodevelopmental disorder? British Medical Journal 295, 681–682.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murphy, V, Gulati, G, Luppe, S, Chaila, E (2017). Letter to the editor. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 34, 149–149. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2016.48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murphy, V, Gulati, G, Luppe, S, Chaila, E (2017). Epilepsy care planning in psychiatric inpatient settings – the ‘Yellow Card’. International Journal of Integrated Care 17, A553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, V, Hallahan, B, Moloney, M, Smthwick, D, Costello, S, Gulati, G (2018). Epilepsy in Irish psychiatric inpatients settings. Irish Medical Journal 111, 809.Google Scholar
Nadkarni, S, Devinsky, O (2005). Psychotropic effects of antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Currents 5, 176–181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NICE (2018). Epilepsies: diagnoses and management: CG137. (https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG137). Accessed 28 April 2018.Google Scholar
Oliveira, SN, Rosado, P (2004). EEG interictal – sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of epilepsy. Acta Médica Portuguesa 17, 465–470.Google Scholar
Ornoy, A (2009). Valproic acid in pregnancy: how much are we endangering the embryo and fetus? Reproductive Toxicology 28, 1–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pillai, J, Sperling, MR (2006). Interictal EEG and the diagnosis of epilepsy. Epilepsia 47, 14–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00654.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regier, DA, Farmer, ME, Rae, DS, Locke, BZ, Keith, SJ, Judd, LL, Goodwin, FK (1990). Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 264, 2511–2518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Road Safety Authority (2016). Sláinte agus Tiomáint. Medical Fitness to Drive Guidelines (Group 1 and 2 Drivers), 5th edition, pp. 43–47. RSA: Ireland. (http://www.rsa.ie/Documents/Licensed%20Drivers/Medical_Issues/Sláinte_agus_Tiomáint_Medical_Fitness_to_Drive_Guidelines.pdf). Accessed 8 April 2018.Google Scholar
Robertson, J, Hatton, C, Emerson, E, Baines, S (2015). Mortality in people with intellectual disabilities and epilepsy: a systematic review. Seizure 29, 123–133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roy, T, Pandit, A (2011). Neuroimaging in epilepsy. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology 14, 78–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royal College of Psychiatrists (2017a). CR206: prescribing anti-epileptic drugs for people with epilepsy and intellectual disability. (https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/usefulresources/publications/collegereports/cr/cr206.aspx).Google Scholar
Royal College of Psychiatrists (2017b). CR203: management of epilepsy in adults with intellectual disability. (https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/usefulresources/publications/collegereports/cr/cr203.aspx). Accessed 6 April 2018.Google Scholar
Scott, RC, Besag, FM, Neville, BG (1999). Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomised trial. Lancet 353, 623–626.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shankar, R, Walker, M, McLean, B, Laugharne, R, Ferrand, F, Hanna, J, Newman, C (2016). Steps to prevent SUDEP: the validity of risk factors in the SUDEP and seizure safety checklist: a case control study. Journal of Neurology 263, 1840–1846.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shankar, R, Elizabeth, JD, McLean, B, Nashef, L, Tomson, T (2017). Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP): what every neurologist should know. Epileptic Disorders 19, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1684/epd.2017.0891.Google ScholarPubMed
Sisodiya, SM (2018). Valproate and childbearing potential: new regulations. Practical Neurology. Published online April 2018. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2018-001955.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stephen, LJ, Wishart, A, Brodie, MJ (2017). Psychiatric side effects and antiepileptic drugs: observations from prospective audits. Epilepsy & Behavior 71, 73–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stern, TA, Murray, GB (1984). Complex partial seizures presenting as a psychiatric illness. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 172, 625–627.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SUDEP Action (2017). SUDEP and Seizure Safety Checklist Version 2. SUDEP Action, Wantage, UK. (https://sudep.org/checklist). Accessed 4 August 2018.Google Scholar
Taylor, DM, Barnes, TRE, Young, AH (2018). The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry, 13th edn. Wiley-Blackwell: London. ISBN 978-1-119-44260-8.Google Scholar
Taylor, DM, Paton, C, Kapur, S (2015). The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry, 12th edn. Wiley-Blackwell: London: ISBN: 978-1-118-75460-3.Google Scholar
Valenstein, M, Ganoczy, D, McCarthy, JF, Myra Kim, H, Lee, TA, Blow, FC (2006). Antipsychotic adherence over time among patients receiving treatment for schizophrenia: a retrospective review. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67, 1542–1550.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, AE, Giust, JM, Kronenberger, WG, Dunn, DW (2016). Epilepsy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: links, risks, and challenges. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 12, 287–296.Google ScholarPubMed
Young, C, Shankar, S, Palmer, J, Craig, J, Hargreaves, C, McLean, B, Cox, D, Hillier, R (2015). Does intellectual disability increase sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) risk? Seizure 25, 112–116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: File

Murphy et al. supplementary material

Murphy et al. supplementary material 1

Download Murphy et al. supplementary material(File)
File 355.9 KB