Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T05:08:46.384Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bringing families to the table: meaningful inclusion of families/significant others in adult eating disorder programmes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2019

S. Boland*
Affiliation:
Family Therapy Team, Irish Council of Psychotherapy, Family Therapy Association of Ireland, St Canice’s Hospital, MHS, Old Dublin Road, Carlow Kilkenny, South Tipperary, Kilkenny, Ireland
A. Byrne
Affiliation:
Nursing and Midwifery Board, Family Therapy Team, Acute Day Hospital, St Canice’s Hospital, MHS, St Canice’s Complex, Old Dublin Road, Carlow Kilkenny, South Tipperary, Kilkenny, Ireland
C. De Jongh
Affiliation:
Family Therapy Association of Ireland, Irish Council of Psychotherapy, Clanwilliam Institute, 18, Clanwilliam Terrace, Grand Canal Quey, Dublin 2, Ireland
W. Hackett
Affiliation:
Nursing and Midwifery Board, Family Therapy Team, Acute Day Hospital, St Dymphna’s Hospital, MHS, Carlow Kilkenny, South Tipperary, Carlow, Ireland
S. O’Neill
Affiliation:
Family Therapy Team, Irish Council of Psychotherapy, St Dymphna’s Hospital, MHS, Carlow Kilkenny, South Tipperary, Carlow, Ireland
*
*Address for correspondence: S. Boland, Family Therapy Team, Irish Council of Psychotherapy, Family Therapy Association of Ireland, St Canice’s Hospital, MHS, Old Dublin Road, Carlow Kilkenny, South Tipperary, Kilkenny R95 P231, Ireland. (Email: [email protected])

Abstract

In Ireland, traditionally, most public Adult Mental Health Services (AMHSs) had a small cohort of service users with eating disorders (EDs) in their service. However, over the last 5 years, the National Clinical Programmes have been encouraging Mental Health Services to develop ED programmes in each catchment area. This has culminated in a model of care for EDs for children and adults. It appears that in relation to AMHSs, meaningful inclusion of families/significant other(s) in ED programmes is somewhat inconsistent. This paper will discuss the possible impact of excluding or minimising family/significant other(s)’ inclusion. It will also outline a suggested approach of including families/significant other(s) in a meaningful way in an out-patient ED programme.

Type
Perspective Piece
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2019. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The College of Psychiatrists of Ireland

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ackerman, N (1958). The Psychodynamics of Family Life: Diagnosis and Treatment of Family Relationships. Basic Books, Inc.: New York (https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/4.3.115). Accessed 10 May 2018.Google Scholar
Ackerman, NW (1966). Treating the Troubled Family. Basic Books: New York.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM-5), 5th ed. (https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596). Accessed 11 August 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersson, M (1995). Development of voice in women with anorexia and bulimia: mother and daughter connection – The healing force in the treatment of eating disorders. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy 6 (4), 319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arcelus, J, Mitchell, AJ, Wales, J, Nielsen, S (2011). Mortality rates in patients with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders: a meta-analysis of 36 studies. Archives of General Psychiatry 68, 724731.10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barrow, A (2007). Shame, Self-criticism and Self-compassion in Eating Disorders (https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/31236/1/U237171.pdf). Accessed 5 May 2018.Google Scholar
Bateson, G (1972). Steps to an Ecology of Mind. Collected Essays in Anthropology, Psychiatry, Evolution, and Epistemology. The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Boland, S, Bollard, P, Hackett, W, O’Neill, S (2009). Treating adults with eating disorders in the community: an integrated approach. Feedback: Journal of Family Therapy Association of Ireland 15, 260.Google Scholar
Bowen, M (1966). The Use of Family Theory in Clinical Practice. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 7, 345374. In M. Bowen, 1978.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Department of Health and Children (2006). A Vision for Change: Report of the Expert Group on Mental Health Policy. Government Publications Office: Dublin.Google Scholar
El-Sayad, I (1998). Family need support during chronic mental illness. Tennessee Nurse 61, 1314.Google ScholarPubMed
Frude, N (1992). Abstracts. Journal of Family Therapy 14, 8891.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giacco, D, Dirik, A, Kaselionyte, J, Priebe, S (2017). How to make carer involvement in mental health inpatient units happen: a focus group study with patients, carers and clinicians. BMC Psychiatry (https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-017-1259-5). Accessed 11 June 2018.Google Scholar
Health Service Executive (2016). Model of Care: National Clinical Programme for Assessment and Management of Patients Presenting to Emergency following Self-harm. Available on: PDF (Assessment and management of patients presenting to Emergency Departments following self-harm). Accessed 5 July 2018.Google Scholar
Health Service Executive (2018). Model of Care for Ireland: National Clinical Programme for Eating Disorders (https://www.hse.ie/eng/). Accessed 12 May 2018.Google Scholar
Health Service Executive – Draft (2018). National Clinical Programme for Early Intervention in Psychosis: Model of Care. Early Intervention in Psychosis. Brief Outline Available on: HSE.ie Clinical Strategy and Programmes Division National Clinical Programmes Mental Health Early Intervention in Psychosis. (https://www.hse.ie/eng/). Accessed 11 June 2018.Google Scholar
Highet, N, Thompson, M, King, RM (2005). The experience of living with a person with an eating disorder: the impact on the carers. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention 13, 327344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillege, S, Beale, B, McMaster, R (2006). Impact of eating disorders on family life: individual parents’ stories. Journal of Clinical Nursing 15, 1016–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
HSE National Clinical Programme for Early Intervention in Psychosis. Model of Care for Ireland (2018). Family Interventions. https://www.hse.ie/eng/.Google Scholar
Imber-Black, E (1998). The Secret Life of Families: How Secrets Shapes Relationships–When to Tell, pp. 169173. Haper Collins: London. ‘Collusion in self-secrets’.Google Scholar
Johnson, S (2004). The Practice of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy: Creating Connection. Brunner-Routledge: New York.Google Scholar
Le Grange, D and Eisler, I (2008). Family interventions in adolescent anorexia nervosa. Child and Adolscent Psychiatry of North America 18 (1), 159–133.Google Scholar
Lock, J, La Via, MC, AACAP (2015). Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with eating disorders. JAACP 54, 412425.Google Scholar
McNicholas, F, Dooley, B, McMamara, N, Lennon, R (2012). The Impact of Self-reported Pubertal Status and Pubertal Timing on Disordered Eating in Irish Adolescents (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/erv.2171). Accessed 25 August 2018.Google Scholar
McNicholas, R, O’Connor, C, McNamara, N, O’Hara, L (2015). Sigma and treatment of eating disorders in Ireland. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine (https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9adf/addb9a3dd6cfebceaed72250fe56cb95861a.pdf). Accessed 25 August 2018.Google Scholar
Minuchin, S (1974). Families and Family Therapy. Oxford England: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minuchin, S, Fishman, HC (1981). Family Therapy Techniques. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Minuchin, S, Montalvo, B, Guerney, B, Rosman, B, Schumer, F (1967). Families of the Slums. Basic Books: New York. Mishler and Waxler.Google Scholar
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2017). Eating Disorders: Recognition and Treatment (www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng69). Accessed 27 June 2018.Google Scholar
National Institute of Mental Health (2016). Prevalence of the Three Main Eating Disorders Over a Lifetime (https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/eating-disorders.shtml). Accessed 2 June 2018.Google Scholar
Papathomas, A, Smith, B, Lavallee, D (2015). Family experience of living with an eating disorder: a narrative analysis. Journal of Health Psychology 209, 313325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parsons, H (2018). PiLar Programme–Supporting Families: Combining Education, Experience, Skills and Support. What Have We Learned? Bodywhys: The Eating Disorder Association of Ireland (https://www.bodywhys.ie/2018-eating-disorders-conference-presentations/). Accessed 5 July 2018.Google Scholar
Refocus CPsychl (2013). Who Cares: Listening to the Needs and Experiences of Carers of People with Mental Illness. College of Psychiatrists (http://bodywhys.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/WhocaresListeningtotheneedsandexperiencesofcarersofpeoplewithmentalillness-1.pdf). Accessed 20 June 2018.Google Scholar
Rienecke Hoste, R, Celio Doyle, A, Le Grange, D (2012). Families as an integrated part of the treatment team: treatment culture and standard of care challenges. In Collaborative Approach to Eating Disorders (ed. Alexander, J. and Treasure, J.), pp. 136148. Routledge, Taylor and Frances Group: London and New York.Google Scholar
Robinson Lafrance, A, Dolhabty, J, Greenburg, L (2013). Emotion-Focused Family Therapy for Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents. In Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c264/c2505ef34e69cf979dac17c777379f6adb46.pdf). Accessed 10 August 2018.Google Scholar
Royal Collage of Psychiatrists (2015). Anorexia and Bulimia (https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/expertadvice/problemsdisorders/anorexiaandbulimia.aspx). Accessed 23 June 2018.Google Scholar
Scheel, J (2012). Shame, blame and eating disorders. Psychology Today (https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/when-food-is-family/201203/shame-blame-and-eating-disorders). Accessed 01 August 2018.Google Scholar
Seikkula, J, Arnkil, TE (2006). Dialogical Meetings in Social Networks. Systemic Thinking and Practice Series. Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group. London and New York.Google Scholar
Selvini Palazzoli, M, Boscolo, L, Cecchin, G, Prata, G (1978). Paradox and Counterparadox: A New Model in the Therapy of the Family in Schizophrenic. Transactions. Jason Aronson: New York.Google Scholar
Sheridan, G (2013). Experiences of Support Services for Eating Disorders in Ireland: An Exploratory Study. A thesis presented for the degree of Master of Science. School of Health and Human Sciences Performance; Dublin City University. (http://doras.dcu.ie/19136/). Accessed 15 May 2018.Google Scholar
Thompson-Brenner, H, Stir, DA, Franko, DL, Herzog, DB (2012). Clinician Reactions to Patients with Eating Disorders: A Review of the Literature (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22227763). Accessed 12 July 2018.10.1176/appi.ps.201100050CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treasure, J, Schmidt, U, Macdonald, P (2010). The Clinicians Guide to Collaborative Caring in Eating Disorders. The new Maudsley Method. Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group.Google Scholar
Uehara, T, Kawashima, Y, Goto, O, Tasaki, S-I, Someya, T (2001). Psychoeducation for the families of patients with eating disorders and changes in expressed emotion: a preliminary study. Comprehensive Psychiatry 42, 132138.10.1053/comp.2001.21215CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organisation (2005). Gender in Mental Health Research (http://www.who.int/gender/documents/MentalHealthlast2.pdf). Accessed 20 June 2018.Google Scholar
Zabala, MA, Macdonald, P, Treasure, J (2009). Appraisal of caregiving burden, expressed emotion and psychological distress in families of people with eating disorders: a systemic review. European Eating Disorder Review 17, 338349.10.1002/erv.925CrossRefGoogle Scholar