1 Andrew Bonar Law (1858–1923). Conservative M.P., 1900–10 and 1911–23; leader of the Conservative Party, 1911–21 and 1922–3; prime minister, Oct. 1922 – May 1923.

2 This is the the tune ‘Irish’ (from A collection of hymns and sacred poems, published in Dublin in 1749), to which the hymn ‘God moves in a mysterious way’ is frequently sung.

3 See also the entry for 17 Mar. 1920. Bonar Law would appear to have resigned himself to the loss from the United Kingdom of the south and west of Ireland at an earlier date than his public utterances might suggest.

4 Sir George William Buchanan (1854-1924). Ambassador to Russia, 1910–18.

5 Herbert Henry Asquith (1852-1928). Liberal M.P., 1886–1918 and 1920–24; leader of the Liberal Party, 1908–26; prime minister, 1908–16.

6 Sir Edward Henry Carson (1854-1935). Unionist M.P., 1892–1921; Irish and Ulster Unionist leader, 1910–21.

7 General Sir Arthur Henry Fitzroy Paget (1851-1928). Commander-in-chief, Ireland, 1911–14.

8 Hubert de la Poer Gough (1870-1963). Brigadier-general, 3rd Cavalry Brigade, stationed at the Curragh Camp, 1914.

9 Charles Stewart Vane-Tempesl-Stewart, 6th marquis of Londonderry (1852-1915). Conservative M.P.. 1878–84; cabinet minister, 1900–05.

10 There were never more than about 150 resignations. The best account is Beckett, Ian F.W. (ed.), The army and the Curragh incident, 1914 (London, 1986)Google Scholar.

11 Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1874-1965). Conservative M.P., 1900–04 and 1924–64; Liberal M.P., 1904–22; first lord of the admiralty, 1911–15 (resigned after failure of Gallipoli expedition); secretary for war, 1919–21; colonial secretary, 1921–22; chancellor of the exchequer, 1924–9.

12 David Lloyd George (1863-1945). Liberal M.P., 1890–1945; chancellor of the exchequer, 1908–15; minister of munitions, 1915–16; secretary for war, 1916; prime minister, 1916–22.

13 Reginald McKenna (1863-1943). Liberal M.P., 1895–1918; home secretary, 1911–15.

14 John Edward Bernard Seely (1868-1947). Conservative M.P., 1900–04; Liberal M.P., 1906–22 and 1923–4; secretary for war, 1912–14.

15 Correspondence relating to recent events in the Irish command [Cd 7318], H.C. 1914, lii, 1–4.

16 John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley (1838-1923). Lord president of the council, 1910–14.

17 Sir John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Viscount French (1852-1925). Chief of the imperial general staff, 1911–14; commander-in-chief British Expeditionary Force, 1914–15; commander-in-chief Home Forces, 1916–18; lord lieutenant of Ireland. 1918–21.

19 Sir John Spencer Ewart (1861-1930). Adjutant-general, 1910–14.

20 H.M.S. Audacious, one of the most modern British battleships, was sunk by a German mine off the northern coast of Ireland on 27 Oct. 1914.

20 Field-Marshal Sir Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener (1850-1916). Secretary for war, 1914–16.

21 Admiral Sir John Rushworth Jellicoe (1859-1935). Commander-in-chief of the Grand Fleet, 1914–16.

22 Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher (1841-1920). First sea lord, 1914–15.

24 Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st marquis of Crewe (1858-1945). Secretary for India, 1910–15; lord president of the council, 1915–16.

24 Sir Roger David Casement (1864-1916). Irish nationalist; executed in London for high treason.

25 The actual figure was about 1,800.

26 General Sir John Grenfell Maxwell (1859-1929). Commander-in-chief, Ireland, 1916.

27 Patrick Henry Pearse (1879-1916). Head of the provisional government of the Irish republic; executed following the 1916 rising.

28 Constance Markievicz, née Gore-Booth (1868-1927). Prominent in the 1916 rising; a death sentence was commuted because of her sex.

29 James Connolly (1868-1916). Irish socialist; leader of the Irish Citizen Army; wounded during the 1916 rising, but survived to be executed in its aftermath.

30 Sir Anthony Arthur Weldon, bt (1863-1917). Substantial landowner in County Kildare and Queen’s County (Laois); colonel of 4th Battalion, Leinster Regiment.

31 Sir James Henry Mussen Campbell (1851-1931). Attorney general, 1916; lord chief justice of Ireland, 1916–18; lord chancellor, Ireland, 1918–21; chairman of Irish Free State senate, 1922–8; created Baron Glenavy, 1921.

32 Thomas MacDonagh (1878-1916). Founder member of Irish Volunteers; signatory of 1916 proclamation.

33 Joseph Mary Plunkett (1887-1916). Director of operations, Irish Volunteers; signatory of 1916 proclamation.

34 Grace Gifford (1888-1955). Artist; one of three sisters from an Anglo-Irish family who were active in the republican movement: Muriel was married to Thomas MacDonagh; Nellie served with the Irish Citizen Army in 1916.

35 Actually a light battle-cruiser, of 22,354 displacement tons, launched 20 April 1916 ( Moss, Michael and Humenau, John R., Shipbuilders to the world: 125 years of Harland & Wolff, 1861–1986 (Belfast, 1986), pp 179, 185)Google Scholar.

36 William O’Brien (1852-1928). Nationalist M.P., 1883–1918; convicted at Mitchelstown in September 1887 of incitement in connexion with the Kingston estate rent strike.

37 Hylton George Hylton Joliffe, 3rd Baron Hylton (1862-1945). Conservative M.P., 1895–9.

38 Robert Threshie Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn (1846-1923). Liberal M.P., 1886–1905; lord chancellor, 1905–12. Loreburn’s motion, ‘That this House records its profound dissatisfaction with the administration of affairs in Ireland’, was debated on 10 and 11 May 1916 (Hansard 5 (Lords), xxi, 955–1036).

39 Walter Hume Long (1854-1924). Conservative M.P., 1880–1921; chief secretary for Ireland, 1905; president of local government board, 1915–16; colonial secretary, 1916–19.

40 Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th marquis of Lansdowne (1845-1927). Substantial Irish landowner and senior Conservative politician; minister without portfolio, 1915–16.

41 Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne-Cecil (1864-1958). Conservative M.P., 1906–23; parliamentary under-secretary for foreign affairs, 1916–19.

42 George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquis Curzon (1859-1925). Lord privy seal, 1915–16; member of the war cabinet, 1916–19; foreign secretary, 1919–24.

43 Joseph Austen Chamberlain (1863-1937). Secretary for India, 1915–17; member of the war cabinet, 1918–19; chancellor of the exchequer, 1919–21; lord privy seal and leader of the Conservative Party, 1921–2.

44 William Waldegrave Palmer, 2nd earl of Selborne (1859-1942). President of the board of agriculture, 1915–16; resigned over the government’s Irish policy.

45 James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th marquis of Salisbury (1861-1947).

46 William Robert Wellesley Peel, 2nd Viscount Peel (1867-1937).

47 Edward Cecil Guinness, 1st Earl Iveagh (1847-1927).

48 Hercules Edward Rowley, 4th Baron Langford (1848-1919). Irish representative peer, 1884–1919.

49 Valentine Charles Browne, 5th earl of Kenmare (1860-1941).

50 Lansdowne’s house in County Kerry.

51 John Dillon (1851-1927). Nationalist M.P., 1880–1918; succeeded Redmond as leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party, 1918.

52 Francis Richard Charles Guy Greville, 5th earl of Warwick (1853-1924). His son, Lord Brooke, successively served as A.D.C., to the British commander-in-chief in France and as a brigadier-general on the Western Front.

53 General Ferdinand Foch (1851-1929). Commanded Groupe d’Armées du Nord, 1914–16; chief of staff, 1917–18.

54 Field-Marshal Sir Douglas Haig (1861-1921). Commander-in-chief, British Expeditionary Force in France and Flanders, 1915–19.

55 Sir Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st earl of Reading (1860-1935). Liberal M.P., 1904–13; attorney general, 1910–13; lord chief justice, 1913–21.

56 Sir Louis du Pan Mallet (1864-1936). Ambassador to Turkey, 1913–14.

57 Arthur Jocelyn Charles Gore, 6th earl of Arran (1868-1958). Landowner in County Mayo.

58 Dermot Robert Wyndham Bourke,7th earl of Mayo (1851-1928). Irish representative peer, 1890–1928.

59 Henry Edward Duke (1855-1939). Conservative M.P., 1900–06 and 1910–18; chief secretary for Ireland, 1916–18.

60 This can only be a dig at Curzon’s lack of Irish connexions. The last Irish peer to be created (in 1898), Curzon had insisted on an Irish peerage on his appointment as viceroy of India in order to allow him to return to the House of Commons. In 1908, however, he narrowly secured election as an Irish representative peer, never having set foot in Ireland in his life. In 1911 he was created Earl Curzon of Kedleston in the United Kingdom peerage.

61 Walter John Hely-Hutchinson, 6th earl of Donoughmore (1875-1948). Conservative politician; deputy speaker of the House of Lords, 1911–31.

62 Sir Francis John Stephens Hopwood (1860-1947). Senior British civil servant; secretary to Irish Convention, 1917–18; created Baron Southborough, 1917.

63 Sir Horace Curzon Plunkett (1854-1932). Unionist M.P. for County Dublin South, 1892–1900; commissioner of the Congested Districts Board, 1891–1918.

64 William Martin Murphy (1844-1919). Leading Irish businessman; owner of the Irish Independent.

65 George William Russell (1867-1935). Poet, painter, mystic and agrarian reformer.

66 This sub-committee of the Convention had been formed in October ‘for the purpose of negotiation between the leaders on the vital issue in dispute’. It contained five Nationalists, one southern Unionist (Midleton) and three Ulster Unionists (McDowell, Irish Convention, p. 119).

67 Out of a total 95 members in the Convention.

68 Hugh Thorn Barrie (1860-1922). Unionist M.P. for County Londonderry, 1906–22; a grain and produce businessman in Coleraine.

69 Sir Alexander McDowell (d. 1918). Belfast solicitor; director of munitions, northern area of Ireland.

70 Hugh McDowell Pollock (1852-1937). Belfast harbour commissioner and chairman of Belfast Chamber of Commerce.

71 Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th marquis of Londonderry (1878-1949). Conservative M.P., 1906–15; succeeded his father, 1915; secretary of Ulster Unionist group at the Convention.

72 John Blake Powell (d. 1923). Dublin Catholic barrister; appointed a High Court judge, 1918.

73 Andrew Jameson (1855-1941). Dublin distiller and director of the Bank of Ireland.

74 Stephen Lucius Gwynn (1864-1950). Author; Nationalist M.P. for Galway, 1906–18.

75 Patrick O’Donnell (1856-1927). Bishop of Raphoe, 1888–1922; archbishop of Armagh, 1924–7.

76 Joseph MacRory (1861-1945). Bishop of Down and Connor, 1915–28; archbishop of Armagh, 1928–45.

77 The largest single group in the Convention was formed by the representatives of local authorities (32 chairmen of county councils, the lord mayors and mayors from 6 county boroughs, and 8 representatives selected by the chairmen of urban district councils).

78 John Baptist Crozier (1853-1920). Church of Ireland archbishop of Armagh and primate of all Ireland, 1911–20.

79 Windham Thomas Wyndham-Quin, 4th earl of Dunraven and Mount Earl (1841-1926). A moderate home ruler; chairman of the Irish Reform Association.

80 Sir Antony Patrick MacDonnell, 1st Baron MacDonnell (1844-1925). Indian administrator; under-secretary for Ireland, 1902–8.

81 Michael Governey. A mineral water manufacturer; represented Leinster urban district councils at the Convention.

82 George Ulick Browne, 6th marquis of Sligo (1856-1935).

83 Ivor Churchill Guest, 2nd Baron Wimborne (1873-1939). Conservative M.P., 1900–04; Liberal M.P., 1906–10; lord lieutenant of Ireland, 1915–18.

84 General Sir Bryan Thomas Mahon (1862-1930). Commander-in-chief, Ireland, 1916–18.

85 In February 1918 a group of diehard Unionists within the I.U.A. had formed a ‘Southern Unionist Committee’, which on 4 March had issued a public ‘Call to Unionists’ to resist any diminution of the union. The tensions within Irish Unionism during 1918 are covered in Buckland, Irish Unionism 1, pp 146–73.

86 Albert Edward Handcock, 5th Baron Castlemaine (1863-1937). Irish representative peer, 1898–1937.

87 Ralph Francis Howard, 7th earl of Wicklow (1877-1946). Irish representative peer, 1905–16.

88 Ivo Richard Vesey, 5th Viscount de Vesci (1881-1958). Irish representative peer, 1909–58.

89 Lucius William O’Brien, 15th Baron Inchquin (1864-1929). Irish representative peer, 1900–29.

90 Denis Robert Pack-Beresford (1864-1942). Landowner in County Carlow; an honorary secretary of the I.U.A.

91 Walter Runciman (1870-1949). Liberal M.P., 1899–1900,1902-18 and 1924–37; cabinet minister, 1908–16.

92 John William Gulland (1864-1920). Liberal M.P., 1906–18; junior minister, 1909–17.

93 Sir William Maxwell Aitken (1879-1964). Chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster and minister of information, 1918–19; created a baronet in 1916, and Baron Beaverbrook in 1917.

94 Arthur Hugh Smith-Barry, 1st Baron Barrymore (1843-1925). Conservative M.P., 1867–74 and 1886–1900; vice-president of Irish Landowners’ Convention.

95 Walter Edward Guinness (1880-1944). Son of 1st Earl Iveagh; Conservative MR, 1907–31; created Baron Moyne, 1932.

96 James Walter Milles Stopford, 6th earl of Courtown (1853-1933). Landowner in County Wexford.

97 Thomas Kane McLintock-Bunbury,2nd Baron Rathdonnell (1848-1929). Irish representative peer, 1889–1929.

98 George Francis Stewart (1851-1928). Land agent; a director of the Bank of Ireland (governor, 1914–15).

99 Sir Robert Stevenson Home (1871-1940). Conservative M.P., 1918–37; minister of labour, 1919–20; president of the board of trade, 1920–21; chancellor of the exchequer, 1921–22.

100 Sir Ian Macpherson (1880-1937). Liberal M.P., 1911–35; chief secretary for Ireland, 1919–20.

101 General Sir Frederick Charles Shaw (1861-1942). Commander-in-chief, Ireland, 1918–20.

102 A parliamentary inquiry into the question of devolution within the United Kingdom. Chaired by the speaker (James Lowther), its report (April 1920) was hopelessly divided on the practicalities of the matter. See Kendle, John, Ireland and the federal solution (Kingston & Montreal, 1989), pp 210–24 Google Scholar.

103 Edward Saunderson (1869-1929). Private secretary to Lord French, 1918–20.

104 Sir Frederick Edwin Smith, 1st earl of Birkenhead (1872-1930). Conservative M.P., 1906–19; lord chancellor, 1919–22; secretary for India, 1924–8.

105 This presumably refers to the meeting described in the journal entry for 30 Nov. 1913.

106 Sir (Thomas) Hamar Greenwood (1870-1948). Liberal M.P., 1906–22; Conservative M.P., 1924–9; chief secretary for Ireland, 1920–22.

107 General Sir (Cecil Frederick) Nevil Macready (1862-1946). Commander-in-chief, Ireland, 1920–23.

108 Macready’s official residence: the Royal Hospital, Kilmainham.

109 The Restoration of Order in Ireland Act, which received the royal assent on 9 August 1920, allowed military courts martial to try capital cases ( Townshend, Charles, The British campaign in Ireland, 1919–1921 (Oxford, 1975), p. 103)Google Scholar

110 Terence Joseph MacSwiney (1879-1920).

111 Sir Samuel John Gurney Hoare (1880-1959). Conservative M.P., 1910–44; cabinet minister, 1922–4, 1924–9 and 1931–40; created Viscount Templewood, 1944.

112 William George Arthur Ormsby-Gore, 4th Baron Harlech (1885-1964). Conservative M.P., 1910–38; cabinet minister, 1931–8.

113 Lord Donoughmore, one of whose subsidiary titles was Viscount Suirdale.

114 James Arthur Wellington Foley Butler, 4th marquis of Ormonde (1849-1943).

115 John Edward Deane Browne, 5th Baron Kilmaine (1878-1946). Irish representative peer, 1911–46.

116 Martin Henry Fitzpatrick Morris, 2nd Baron Killanin (1867-1927). Conservative M.P., 1900–01; a director of the Bank of Ireland.

117 “Robert Victor Grosvenor, 3rd Baron Ebury (1868-1921).

118 Edward Tumour, 6th Earl Winterton (an Irish peerage) (1883-1962). Conservative M.P., 1904–51.

119 “Most Rev. John Henry Bernard (1860-1927). Archbishop of Dublin, 1915–19; provost of Trinity College, Dublin, 1919–27.

120 Rev. Geoffrey Anketell Studdert-Kennedy (1883-1929). Perhaps the best-known and best-liked British chaplain in the First World War.

121 Eamon de Valera (1882-1975). President of the first Dáil Éireann, 1919; elected president of the Irish Republic, August 1921.

122 Sir James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon (1871-1940). Unionist M.P., 1906–21; first prime minister of Northern Ireland, 1921–40.

123 Sir Maurice Dockrell (1850-1929). Unionist M.P. for Rathmines, 1918–22.

124 Sir Robert Henry Woods (1865-1938). M.P. for Dublin University, 1918–22.

125 Only one (Midleton) had actually been elected to the senate of the effectively still-born parliament of Southern Ireland, under the Government of Ireland Act, 1920.

126 Sir John Ross, bt (1854-1935). Conservative M.P., 1892–5; High Court judge, 1896–1921; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1921–2.

127 Mervyn Richard Wingfield, 8th Viscount Powerscourt (1880-1947).

128 Hans Wellesley Hamilton, 2nd Baron HolmPatrick (1886-1942).

129 In the light of present knowledge this would appear to be untrue. Several people had a hand in the text. Both J. C. Smuts and A.J. Balfour prepared drafts, which were drawn on by Lloyd George’s private secretary, Sir Edward Grigg, in preparing the final text used by the king. Grigg’s family still retain the handwritten draft (personal communication from Professor Roy Foster). See Jones, Thomas, Whitehall Diary, iii: Ireland, 1918–25, ed. Middlemas, Keith (London, 1971), pp 74-9Google Scholar and app. I (pp 247–9), where the Smuts and Balfour drafts are reproduced.

130 Cora Colgate (d. 1932). Married (1898), 4th earl of Strafford (see note 132).

131 Maud Caroline Lascelles (d. 1938), daughter of 3rd earl of Harewood; married Lord George Hamilton, 1871.

132 Henry William John Byng, 4th earl of Strafford (1831-99). An equerry to Queen Victoria from 1874.

133 Sir Richard Rivington Holmes (1835-1911). Librarian at Windsor Castle, 1870–1906.

134 J.H. Bernard (see note 119).

135 ’I had no time to call this evening, as we were kept at Downing St until 6.50 pm. Briefly: (1) The only thing that will go before the British Parliament is the document of settlement. It is a case of “take it or leave it”. There can be no amendments. The document will be opposed in Dublin by de Valera, and there will be a hot debate in Dail Eireann, which may end in a break up. (2) Griffith has written a satisfactory letter as to the Second Chamber &c which is to be published. (3) All matters regarding taxation &c must be discussed in Ireland. (4) The constitution of the new Irish State is to be settled in Ireland, always saving clauses i & ii in the settlement. Clause ii ensures an appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. (5) The Govt seemed to think that clause 16 was sufficient to protect our interests.

‘The truth is that none of us wd look at this “settlement” or acquiesce in it, if we had a willing alternative. But the only alternative is civil war. We pressed the Govt about land legislation, of course, but I am not sure what will be done, although all are agreed that something ought to be done. Clause 5 [sic] sufficiently protects our Cathedrals, as the ultimate appeal is to the Privy Council.’ (Bernard to Oranmore, 7.40 p.m., 7 Dec. 1921 (Oranmore family papers))

136 Edmund Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 1st Viscount Fitzalan (1855-1947). Conservative M.P., 1894–1921; last viceroy of Ireland, 1921–22.

137 Dame Edith Lyttelton, née Balfour (d. 1948). Author and playwright; honoured for war service, including organising the Women’s Land Army.

138 Arthur Griffith (1871-1922). Founder of Sinn Féin; elected president of the Irish Republic, February 1922.

139 Michael Collins (1890-1922). Leading figure in the I.R.A., 1919–22; Irish minister for finance, 1919–22; chairman of the provisional government, 1922.

140 Thomas Hildebrand Preston (1886-1976). Held various consular posts in Russia: Ekaterinburg (1918); Vladivostock (1920); Petrograd/Leningrad (1922-7).

141 Alexander Feodorovich Kerensky (1881-1970). Prime minister of Russia, July-October 1917.

142 A house near Claremorris, where the writer Katharine Tynan lived during the First World War.

143 Steward of Castle MacGarrett since 1917.

144 Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe (1865-22). Owner of the Daily Mail.

145 Frank Brooke (1851-1920). Land agent for the Fitzwilliam estates in Ireland; chairman of the Dublin and South-Eastern Railway Company; killed 30 July 1920.

146 ’Bloody Sunday’, 21 November 1920, when men under Collins’s command killed some dozen British officers in a co-ordinated operation.

147 Robert Childers Barton (1881-1975). Protestant landlord; Sinn Féin M.P., 1918; abstentionist T.D., 1922–7.

148 Edmund John Duggan (1874-1936). Irish minister for home affairs, 1922.

149 George Gavan Duffy (1882-1951). Irish minister for foreign affairs, 1922.

150 John Graham Hope de la Poer Beresford, 5th Baron Decies (1866-1944). Irish representative peer, 1913–44.

151 William Thomas Cosgrave (1880-1965). Irish minister for local government, 1919–22; acting chairman of the provisional government, 1922; president of the executive council of the Irish Free State, 1922–32.

152 Timothy Michael Healy (1855-1931). Nationalist M.P., 1880–1910; governor-general of the Irish Free State, 1922–8.

153 0’Connor and Mellows, both leading I.R.A. men in 1919–21, had been in the republican force which occupied the Four Courts in April 1922.

154 Victor Christian William Cavendish, 9th duke of Devonshire (1868-1938). Liberal Unionist M.P., 1891–1908; colonial secretary, 1922–4.

155 Arthur Kenlis Maxwell, 11th Baron Farnham (1879-1957). Irish representative peer, 1908–57.

156 Stanley Baldwin (1867-1947). Conservative M.P., 1908–37; chancellor of the exchequer, 1922–3; prime minister, 1923–1,1924-9 and 1935–7.

157 Sir Frederick Herbert Maugham, 1st Viscount Maugham (1866-1958).

158 Wilfrid Arthur Greene, 1st Baron Greene (1883-1952).

159 Marcus Samuel, 1st Baron Bearstead (1853-1927). Chairman of Shell Transport and Trading Company.

160 Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924). President of the United States, 1913–21.

161 Sir Cecil Spring-Rice (1859-1918). Ambassador to the United States, 1912–18.

162 There is a version of this anecdote in LordBirkenhead, , F.E.: the life of F. E. Smith, first earl of Birkenhead (London, 1959), p. 488.Google Scholar

163 Sir George Cave, 1st Viscount Cave (1856-1928). Conservative M.P., 1906–18; lord chancellor, 1922–4 and 1924–8.

164 “Reprinted in full in Lord Dunboyne, ‘Irish representative peers: counsel’s opinion 1924’ in Public Law (winter 1967), pp 314–22.

165 Richard Burton Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane (1856-1928). Liberal M.P., 1885–1911; lord chancellor, 1912–15 and 1924.

166 Compare with Report by the committee for privileges on the petition of the Irish peers (5 July 1966), H.L. 1966–7 (53), viii, 896–1016. See also the criticism of this report in Lysaght, C. E., ‘The Irish peers and the House of Lords’ in N.I. Legal Quart., xviii (Sept. 1967), pp 277–301 Google Scholar; and a more recent contribution to the discussion: Andrew Turek, ‘The Irish peerage: a modest proposal’ in Cambridge Law Jn., 1, no. 2 (July 1991), pp 347–53.

167 James Francis Bernard, 4th earl of Bandon (1850-1924). Irish representative peer, 1881–1924.

168 Sir Douglas McGarel Hogg (1872-1950). Attorney general, 1922–4 and 1924–8; lord chancellor, 1928–9 and 1935–8; created Baron Hailsham, 1928. In 1925 Hogg and Sir Thomas Inskip (the solicitor general) prepared a secret law officers’ opinion which flatly contradicted the Maugham and Greene opinion. This law officers’ opinion was not disclosed till 17 June 1971, when the then lord chancellor, Lord Hailsham (son of Sir Douglas Hogg), quoted it to the House of Lords to justify the repeal of parts of the Act of Union. According to Hailsham, the opinion had not previously been ‘published or known’ (Hansard 5 (Lords), cccxx, 732–3).

169 Sir Ronald Waterhouse (1878-1942). Principal private secretary to the prime minister, 1922–8.

170 The last entry in the journal.