Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T23:17:23.678Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seed Rain and Disturbance Impact Recruitment of Invasive Plants in Upland Forest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2018

Lauren N. Emsweller Open the ORCID record for Lauren N. Emsweller [Opens in a new window] ,
David L. Gorchov Open the ORCID record for David L. Gorchov [Opens in a new window] ,
Qi Zhang ,
Angela G. Driscoll  and
Michael R. Hughes
Lauren N. Emsweller
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
David L. Gorchov*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
Qi Zhang
Affiliation:
Undergraduate Student, Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
Angela G. Driscoll
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
Michael R. Hughes
Affiliation:
Manager of Statistical Consulting Center, Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
*
*Author for correspondence: David L. Gorchov, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A critical question in invasion biology involves the relative importance of propagule rain and community invasibility. For plant invasions, invasibility is often related to disturbance, but few studies of forest invaders have simultaneously investigated both canopy and ground-level disturbance. We investigated the relative importance of seed rain, canopy disturbance, and soil disturbance in a mature forest in Maryland on the recruitment of four invasive species: wine raspberry (Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim.), Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii DC), multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora Thunb.), and Japanese stiltgrass [Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus]. Using complete censuses of a 9-ha plot at two points in time (2011–12 and 2014), we mapped new recruits, and related their locations to canopy and soil disturbance, as well as to a seed rain index based on locations of reproducing plants and seed-dispersal kernels.

We found that propagule rain, as measured by the seed rain index, was a significant predictor of recruitment for B. thunbergii, R. phoenicolasius, and M. vimineum. For R. multiflora, seed sources were not located, precluding assessment of propagule rain, but recruitment was linked to canopy disturbance, as was recruitment of M. vimineum. However, because reproduction of R. phoenicolasius and, in some years, of B. thunbergii is higher in treefall gaps, these gaps experience higher propagule rain, with the result that recruitment is indirectly associated with these gaps. Ground-layer disturbance was an important predictor of recruitment only for B. thunbergii. Our findings reveal that the importance of propagule rain is the most consistent driver of recruitment, but canopy or ground-layer disturbance promotes recruitment of some invasive plant species.

Keywords

Berberis thunbergiileaf litterMicrostegium vimineumpropagule pressure; Rosa multifloraRubus phoenicolasiusseed-dispersal kernelunmatched case-control study
Type
Research and Education
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , June 2018 , pp. 69 - 81
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amirah, S, Garneau, D, McCay, TS (2009) Selection of seeds of common native and non-native plants by granivorous rodents in the northeastern United States. Am Midl Nat 162:207–212 Google Scholar
Amrine, JWA (2002) Multiflora rose. Pages 265–292 in Van Driesche R, Blossey B, Hoddle M, Lyon S & Reardon R, eds, Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States. Publication FHTET-2002-04. Morgantown, WV: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Google Scholar
Amrine, JWA, Stasny, TA (1993) Biocontrol of multiflora rose. Pages 9–21 in McKnight BN, ed. Biological Pollution: The Control and Impact of Invasive Exotic Species. Indianapolis: Indiana Academy of Science Google Scholar
Anderson-Teixeira, K, Davies, SJ, Bennett, AC, Gonzalez-Akre, E, Muller-Landau, HC, Wright, SJ, et al. (2014) CTFS-ForestGEO: a worldwide network monitoring forests in an era of global change. Glob Change Biol 21:528–549 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banasiak, SE, Meiners, SJ (2009) Long term dynamics of Rosa multiflora in a successional system. Biol Invasions 11:215–224 Google Scholar
Bartuszevige, AM, Hrenko, RL, Gorchov, DL (2007) Effects of leaf litter on establishment, growth, and survival of invasive plant seedlings in a deciduous forest. Am Midl Nat 158:472–477 Google Scholar
Brokaw, NVL (1982) The definition of treefall gap and its effect on measures of forest dynamics. Biotropica 14:158–160 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnham, KM, Lee, TD (2010) Canopy gaps facilitate establishment, growth, and reproduction of invasive Frangula alnus in a Tsuga canadensis forest. Biol Invasions 12:1509–1520 Google Scholar
Choi, GE, Ghimire, B, Lee, H, et al. (2016) Scarification and stratification protocols for breaking dormancy of Rubus (Rosaceae) species in Korea. Seed Sci Tech 44:239–252 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christen, DC, Matlack, GR (2009) The habitat and conduit functions of roads in the spread of three invasive plant species. Biol Invasions 11:453–465 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, CJ, Poulsen, JR, Levey, DJ, Osenberg, CW (2007) Are plant populations seed limited? A critique and meta-analysis of seed addition experiments. Am Nat 170:128–142 Google Scholar
Clark JR, Moore JN (1993) Longevity of Rubus seeds after long-term cold storage. Hortscience 28:929–930 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colautti, RI, Grigorovich, IA, MacIsaac, HJ (2006) Propagule pressure: a null model for biological invasions. Biol Invasions 8:1023–1037 Google Scholar
Cole, PG, Weltzin, JF (2005) Light limitation creates patchy distribution of an invasive grass in eastern deciduous forests. Biol Invasions 7:477–488 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daubenmire, R. (1959) A canopy-coverage method of vegetational analysis. Northwest Sci 33:43–64 Google Scholar
Davis, MA, Grime, JP, Thompson, K (2000) Fluctuating resources in plant communities: a general theory of invasibility. J Ecol 88:528–534 Google Scholar
Denslow, JS (1987) Tropical rain forest gaps and tree species diversity. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 18:431–451 Google Scholar
Dlugos, DM, Collins, H, Bartelme, EM, Drenovsky, RE (2015) The non-native plant Rosa multiflora expresses shade avoidance traits under low light availability. Am J Bot 102:1323–1331 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Driscoll, AG, Angeli, NF, Gorchov, DL, Jiang, Z, Zhang, J, Freeman, C (2016) The effect of treefall gaps on the spatial distribution of three invasive plants in a mature upland forest in Maryland. J Torrey Bot Soc 143:349–358 Google Scholar
Ehrenfeld, J (1999) Structure and dynamics of populations of Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii DC.) in deciduous forests of New Jersey. Biol Invasions 1:203–213 Google Scholar
Emsweller, LN (2015) Effects of Treefall Gaps and Soil Disturbance on the Invasion of Four Non-native Plant Species in a Mature Upland Forest in Maryland. M.Sci thesis. Oxford, OH: Miami University. 54 pGoogle Scholar
[ESRI] Environmental Systems Research Institute (2012) ArcGIS Desktop. Release 10.1. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute Google Scholar
Eschtruth, AK, Battles, JJ (2009) Assessing the relative importance of disturbance, herbivory, diversity, and propagule pressure in exotic plant invasion. Ecol Monogr 79:265–280 Google Scholar
Eschtruth, AK, Battles, JJ (2011) The importance of quantifying propagule pressure to understand invasion: an examination of riparian forest invasibility. Ecology 92:1314–1322 Google Scholar
Eschtruth, AK, Battles, JJ (2014) Ephemeral disturbances have long-lasting impacts on forest invasion dynamics. Ecology 95:1770–1779 Google Scholar
Facelli, JM, Pickett, STA (1991) Plant litter: its dynamics and effects on plant community structure. Bot Rev 57:1–32 Google Scholar
Fenner, M (1985) Seed Ecology. New York: Chapman and Hall. 151 pGoogle Scholar
Flory, SL, Long, F, Clay, K (2011) Greater performance of introduced vs. native range populations of Microstegium vimineum across different light environments. Basic Appl Ecol 12:350–359 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, C, Driscoll, A, Angeli, N, Gorchov, DL (2015) The impact of treefall gaps on the species richness of invasive plants. J Young Investigators 28:1–8 Google Scholar
Gibbons, P, Cunningham, RB, Lindenmayer, DB (2008) What factors influence the collapse of trees retained on logged sites? A case-control study. For Ecol Manage 255:62–67 Google Scholar
Glasgow, LS, Matlack, GR (2007) The effects of prescribed burning and canopy openness on establishment of two non-native plant species in a deciduous forest, southeast Ohio, USA. For Ecol Manag 238:319–329 Google Scholar
Gleason, HA, Cronquist, A (1991) Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada 2nd ed. New York: New York Botanical Garden. 810 pGoogle Scholar
Gorchov, DL, Thompson, E, O’Neil, J, Whigham, D, Noe, DA (2011) Treefall gaps required for establishment but not survival of invasive Rubus phoenicolasius in deciduous forest, Maryland, USA. Plant Species Biol 26:221–234 Google Scholar
Hobbs, RJ, Huenneke, LF (1992) Disturbance, diversity, and invasion: implications for conservation. Conserv Biol 6:324–337 Google Scholar
Iannone, B, Zellner, M, Wise, D (2014) Modeling the impacts of life-history traits, canopy gaps, and establishment location on woodland shrub invasions. Ecol Appl 24:467–483 Google Scholar
Jauni, M, Ramula, S (2015) Meta-analysis on the effects of exotic plants on the fitness of native plants. Perspect Plant Ecol 17:412–420 Google Scholar
Jesse, LC, Nason, JD, Obrycki, JJ, Moloney, KA (2010) Quantifying the levels of sexual reproduction and clonal spread in the invasive plant. Rosa multiflora. Biol Invasions 12:1847–1854 Google Scholar
King, SL, Antrobus, TJ (2005) Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest. J Veg Sci 16:471–478 Google Scholar
Knight, KS, Kurylo, JS, Endress, AG, Stewart, JR, Reich, PB (2007) Ecology and ecosystem impacts of common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica): a review. Biol Invasions 9:925–937 Google Scholar
Lockwood, JL, Cassey, P, Blackburn, TM (2009) The more you introduce, the more you get. Divers Distrib 15:904–910 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lonsdale, WM (1999) Global patterns of plant invasions and the concept of invasibility. Ecology 80:1522–1536 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lubell, J, Brand, M (2011) Germination, growth and survival of Berberis thunbergii DC. (Berberidaceae) and Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea in five natural environments. Biol Invasions 13:1387–3547 Google Scholar
McCarthy, J (2001) Gap dynamics of forest trees: a review with particular attention to boreal forests. Environ Rev 9:1–59 Google Scholar
Moles, A, Flores-Moreno, H, Bonser, SP (2012) Invasions: the trail behind, the path ahead, and a test of a disturbing idea. J Ecol 100:116–127 Google Scholar
Muscolo, A, Bagnato, S, Sidari, M, Mercurio, R (2014) A review of the roles of forest canopy gaps. J For Res 25:725–736 Google Scholar
Nathan, R, Muller-Landau, HC (2000) Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment. Trends Ecol Evol 15:278–285 Google Scholar
Oswalt, CM, Oswalt, SN (2007) Winter litter disturbance facilitates the spread of the nonnative invasive grass Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus. For Ecol Manage 249:199–203 Google Scholar
Otani, T (2003) Seed dispersal and predation of fleshy-fruited plants by Japanese macaques in the cool temperate zone of northern Japan. Mamm Study 28:153–156 Google Scholar
Parker, JD, Richie, LJ, Lind, EM, Maloney, KO (2010) Land use history alters the relationship between native and exotic plants: the rich don’t always get richer. Biol Invasions 12:1557–1571 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Randall, JM, Marinelli, J eds (1996) Invasive Plants. New York: Brooklyn Botanic Garden Google Scholar
R Core Team (2016) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, https://www.R-project.org. Accessed: November 12, 2017Google Scholar
R Core Team (2013) R: A language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, http://www.R-project.org. Accessed: July 1, 2015Google Scholar
Robertson, DJ, Robertson, MC, Tague, T (1994) Colonization dynamics of four exotic plants in a northern Piedmont natural area. Bull Torrey Bot Club 121:107–118 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Runkle, JR (1981) Gap regeneration in some old-growth forests of the eastern United States. Ecology 62:1041–1051 Google Scholar
Runkle, JR (1984) Development of woody vegetation in treefall gaps in a beech-sugar maple forest. Holarctic Ecol 7:157–164 Google Scholar
Sher, AA, Hyatt, LA (1999) The disturbed resource-flux invasion matrix: a new framework for patterns of plant invasion. Biol Invasions 1:107–114 Google Scholar
Silander, JA, Klepis, DM (1999) The invasion ecology of Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) in the New England landscape. Biol Invasions 1:189–201 Google Scholar
Song, JW, Chung, KC (2010) Observational studies: cohort and case-control studies. Plast Reconstr Surg 126:2234–2242 Google Scholar
Suárez, E, Pérez, CM, Rivera, R, Martínez, MN (2017) Logistic regression in case–control studies. Pages 165–189 in Suárez E, Pérez CM, Rivera R & Martínez MN, eds. Applications of Regression Models in Epidemiology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swearington, J, Reshetiloff, K, Slattery, B, Zwicker, S (2002) Plant Invaders of Mid-Atlantic Natural Areas. Washington, DC: National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. https://www.invasive.org/eastern/Midatlantic/ruph.html. Accessed: January 10, 2014Google Scholar
Tanentzap, AJ, Bazely, DR (2009) Propagule pressure and resource availability determine plant community invasibility in a temperate forest understorey. Oikos 118:300–308 Google Scholar
Taylor, LAV, Cruzan, MB (2015) Propagule pressure and disturbance drive the invasion of perennial false-brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum). Invasive Plant Sci Manage 8:169–180 Google Scholar
Tekiela, DR, Barney, JR (2013) Quantifying Microstegium vimineum seed movement by non-riparian water dispersal using an ultraviolet-marking based recapture method. PLoS ONE 8:e63811. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063811 Google Scholar
[USDA] U.S. Department of Agriculture Berberis thunbergii DC. Plants Database. https://plants.usda.gov/java/charProfile?symbol=BETH. Accessed: April 2, 2018Google Scholar
Vila, M, Espinar, JL, Hejda, M, Hulme, PE, Jarosik, V, Maron, JL, Pergl, J, Schaffner, U, Sun, Y, Pysek, P (2011) Ecological impacts of invasive alien plants: a meta-analysis of their effects on species, communities, and ecosystems. Ecol Lett 14:702–708 Google Scholar
Von Holle, B, Simberloff, D (2005) Ecological resistance to biological invasion overwhelmed by propagule pressure. Ecology 86:3212–3218 Google Scholar
Warren, RJ, Bahn, V, Bradford, MA (2012) The interaction between propagule pressure, habitat suitability and density-dependent reproduction in species invasion. Oikos 121:874–881 Google Scholar
Warren, RJ, Bahn, V, Kramer, T, Tang, Y, Bradford, MA (2011a) Performance and reproduction of an exotic invader across temperate forest gradients. Ecosphere 2:1–19 Google Scholar
Warren, RJ, Wright, JP, Bradford, MA (2011b) The putative niche requirements and landscape dynamics of Microstegium vimineum—an invasive Asian grass. Biol Invasions 13:471–483 Google Scholar
Whitfield, TJS, Lodge, AG, Roth, AM, Reich, PB (2014) Community phylogenetic diversity and abiotic site characteristics influence abundance of the invasive plant Rhamnus cathartica L. J Plant Ecol 7:202–209 Google Scholar
Williamson, M (1996) Biological Invasions. London: Chapman & Hall. 244 pGoogle Scholar
Wilson, N, Gibbons, P (2014) Microsite factors influencing Eucalyptus regeneration in temperate woodlands. Ecol Manage Restor 15:155–157 Google Scholar
Wright, JS, Muller-Landau, HC, Condit, R, Hubbell, SP (2003) Gap dependent recruitment, realized vital rates, and size distributions of tropical trees. Ecology 84:3174–3185 Google Scholar