Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T09:00:10.510Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Integrating Mowing and Imazapyr Application on African Rue (Peganum harmala) and Native Perennial Grasses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dustin D. Johnson  and
Kirk W. Davies
Dustin D. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720
Kirk W. Davies
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Burns, OR 97720
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

African rue is a poisonous, perennial forb that readily invades salt-desert shrub and sagebrush-steppe rangelands. Information detailing options for integrated management of African rue is lacking. To date, a few studies have researched the efficacy of different herbicides for controlling African rue, but none have investigated integrated approaches to its management. Broadcast applications of imazapyr at three rates (0.275, 0.55, and 0.85 kg ae ha−1) were made, with and without a prior mowing treatment, to African rue when it was in full bloom. Imazapyr resulted in significant reductions in both the cover and density of African rue, regardless of application rate or mowing treatment (P < 0.05). Mowing had no effect on African rue cover or density (P > 0.05). Higher rates of imazapyr resulted in significant reductions in the cover of native perennial bunchgrasses (P < 0.05), whereas the low rate did not affect perennial grass cover, regardless of mowing treatment (P > 0.05). Integrating a mowing treatment with imazapyr applications was less effective for controlling African rue than applying herbicide alone. Mowing before imazapyr application did not increase survival of perennial grasses. Our results suggest that the recommended rate of imazapyr for controlling African rue (0.85 kg ae ha−1) could be reduced by as much as one-third on dry floodplain ecological sites within the northern Great Basin without comprising its effectiveness for controlling African rue. This lower rate would reduce nontarget damage to native perennial grasses, which are the dominant functional group in the herbaceous understory. Less damage to native perennial grasses would probably accelerate understory recovery and help prevent invasion by other invasive species.

Keywords

ImazapyrAfrican rue, Peganum harmala L.Invasive plantssagebrush steppeweeds
Type
Research Article
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 7 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 617 - 623
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Abbott, LB, Sterling, TM (2006) African rue (Peganum harmala) seedling response to herbicides applied under water-deficit-stress. Weed Sci 54:198–204 Google Scholar
Abbott, LB, Bettmann GT, Sterling, TM (2008) Physiology and recovery of African rue (Peganum harmala) seedlings under water-deficit stress. Weed Sci 56:52–57 Google Scholar
Allen, JR, Holcombe, DW, Hanks, DR, Surian, M, McFarland, M, Bruce, LB, Johnson, W, Fernandez, G (2001) Effects of sheep grazing and mowing on the control of perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium L.). Pp. 317–320 in Proceedings of the West Section of the 52nd American Society of Animal Science. Champaign, IL ASAS Google Scholar
Bahm, MA, Barnes, TG, Jensen, KC (2011) Herbicide and fire effects on smooth brome (Bromus inermis) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) in invaded prairie remnants. Invasive Plant Sci Manag 4:189–197 Google Scholar
Beck, KG, Sebastian, JR (1993) An integrated Canada thistle management system combining mowing with fall-applied herbicides. West Soc Weed Sci Proc 46:102–104 Google Scholar
Beck, KG, Sebastian, JR (2000) Combining mowing and fall-applied herbicides to control Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Weed Technol 14:351–356 Google Scholar
Bottoms, RM, Whitson, TD (1998) A systems approach for the management of Russian knapweed (Centaurea repens). Weed Technol 12:363–366 Google Scholar
Davies, KW, Bates, JD, Miller, RF (2006) Vegetation characteristics across part of the Wyoming big sagebrush alliance. Rangeland Ecol Manag 59:567–575 Google Scholar
Davies, KW, Pokorny, ML, Sheley, RL, James, JJ (2007) Influence of plant functional group removal on inorganic soil nitrogen concentrations in native grasslands. Rangeland Ecol Manag 60:304–310 Google Scholar
Davies, KW (2008) Medusahead dispersal and establishment in sagebrush steppe plant communities. Rangeland Ecol Manag 61:110–115 Google Scholar
Davies, KW (2010) Revegetation of medusahead-invaded sagebrush steppe. Rangeland Ecol Manag 63:564–571 Google Scholar
Davies, KW, Bates, JD (2010) Vegetation characteristics of mountain and Wyoming big sagebrush plant communities in the northern Great Basin. Rangeland Ecol Manag 63:461–466 Google Scholar
Davies, KW, Boyd, CS, Beck, JL, Bates, JD, Svejcar, TJ, Gregg, MA (2011) Saving the sagebrush sea: an ecosystem conservation plan for big sagebrush plant communities. Biol Conserv 144:2573–2584 Google Scholar
Davison, J, Wargo, M, Brown, M (2003) Observations on chemical controls of African rue and Syrian beancaper in western Nevada. Fact Sheet # FS-03-05. Reno, Nevada University of Nevada Cooperative Extension. 4 pGoogle Scholar
Eichler, H (1986) Zygophyllaceae. Pp. 725–726 in Jessop, JP, Toelken, HR, eds. Flora of South Australia, 2. Adelaide South Australian Government Printing Division Google Scholar
Elseroad, AC, Rudd, NT (2011) Can imazapic increase native species abundance in cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) invaded native plant communities? Rangeland Ecol Manag 64:641–648 Google Scholar
Faskhutdinov, MF, Telezhenetskaya, MV, Levkovich, MG, Abdullaev, ND (2000) Alkaloids of Peganum harmala . Chem Nat Cmpd 36:602–605 Google Scholar
Ferrell, MA, Whitson, TD, Koch, DW, Gade, AE (1998) Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) control with several grass species. Weed Technol 12:374–380 Google Scholar
Hunter, JH (1996) Control of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) with glyphosate applied at the bud vs. rosette stage. Weed Sci 44:934–938 Google Scholar
James, JJ, Davies, KW, Sheley, RL, Aanderud, ZT (2008) Linking nitrogen partitioning and species abundance to invasion resistance in the Great Basin. Oecologia 156:637–648 Google Scholar
Johnson, DD, Davies, KW (2012) Medusahead management in sagebrush-steppe rangelands: prevention, control, and revegetation. Rangelands 34:32–38 Google Scholar
Lauenroth, WK, Dodd, JL, Sims, PL (1987) The effects of water- and nitrogen-induced stresses on plant community structure in a semiarid grassland. Oecologia 36:211–222 Google Scholar
Lym, RG, Messersmith, CG (1993) Fall cultivation and fertilization to reduce winterhardiness of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Weed Sci 41:441–446 Google Scholar
Lym, RG, Sedivec, KK, Kirby, DR (1997) Leafy spurge control with Angora goats and herbicides. J. Range Manag 50:123–128 Google Scholar
Masters, RA, Nissen, SJ (1998) Revegetating leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula)-infested rangeland with native tallgrasses. Weed Technol 12:381–390 Google Scholar
McDaniel, KC, Duncan, KW (2006) African Rue Control: Ground Applications. New Mexico Cooperative Service Extension Publication BC-6. Las Cruces, NM New Mexico State University College of Agriculture and Home Economics Cooperative Extension Service Google Scholar
Michelmore, M (1997) African Rue Management—Distribution, Biology, Impact and Control Strategies for Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) in South Australia. Port Augusta, Australia Primary Industries South Australia. 34 pGoogle Scholar
Mislevy, P, Mullahey, JJ, Martin, FG (1999) Preherbicide mowing and herbicide rate on tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) control. Weed Technol 13:172–175 Google Scholar
Monteiro, A, Moreira, I, Sousa, E (1999) Effect of prior common reed (Phragmites australis) cutting on herbicide efficacy. Hydrobiologia 415:305–308 Google Scholar
Oregon Department of Agriculture (2013) Oregon Department Agriculture WeedMapper. http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/PLANT/WEEDS/WEEDMAPPER. Accessed January 14, 2013Google Scholar
Renz, MJ, DiTomaso, JM (2006) Early season mowing improves the effectiveness of chlorsulfuron and glyphosate for control of perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium). Weed Technol 20:32–36 Google Scholar
Roché, C (1991) African Rue. Weeds. Pullman, WA Washington State University Cooperative Extension Publication PNW369. 2 pGoogle Scholar
Sperry, OE, Dollahite, JW, Hoffman, GO, Camp, BJ (1964) Texas Plants Poisonous to Livestock. College Station, TX Texas A&M University Agricultural Extension Service Publication B-1028Google Scholar
Stougaard, RN, Masters, RA, Nissen, SJ (1990) Leafy spurge control with imidazolinone herbicides. Proc North Cent Weed Sci Soc 40:64 Google Scholar
[USDA-NRCS] U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (2013a) The PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov/. Accessed January 14, 2013Google Scholar
[USDA-NRCS] U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (2013b) Soil Survey. http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/. Accessed January 14, 2013Google Scholar
Western Region Climate Center (2013) Cooperative Climatological Data Summaries. http://wrcc.dri.edu/climatedata/climsum/. Accessed January 14, 2013Google Scholar
Whitson, TD, Koch, DW (1998) Control of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) with herbicides and perennial grass competition. Weed Technol 12:391–396 Google Scholar