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Competitive Ability of Black Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) When Grown with Three Native Grasses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jordana J. LaFantasie  and
Stephen F. Enloe
Jordana J. LaFantasie*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Fort Hays State University, 600 Park Street, Hays, KS 67601-4009
Stephen F. Enloe
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, 119 Extension Hall, Auburn, AL 36849
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Black henbane is a poisonous, invasive plant in the family Solanaceae, and is typically associated with highly disturbed environments, such as pipelines, roadsides, and mammalian burrows. Often, such disturbances require reseeding for successful restoration; thus, the potential exists for competition between henbane and perennial grasses commonly used in restoration projects. These competitive interactions have not, to our knowledge, been evaluated. We conducted a greenhouse study to compare the response of henbane when grown alone and in combination with three common, cool season, perennial, northern mixed prairie grass species. We examined both seedling and mature grass response to the presence or absence of henbane and the response of henbane to the grasses. Using the relative neighbor-effect index, black henbane was found to be a very poor competitor with mature grasses and two out of three seedling grasses tested. All measures of henbane growth were significantly lower among plants grown with a mature grass pot companion. Total biomass of henbane was up to 99% lower when grown with mature grasses. Mature grasses were not negatively affected when grown in combination with henbane. Western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) was the only seedling grass that was competitive with henbane but was also the only seedling grass negatively affected by henbane in both biomass and tiller production. These experiments suggest that henbane is not well suited for invasion of mature grass stands but may negatively influence some perennial grass seedlings in restoration situations.

Keywords

Black henbane, Hyoscyamus niger L.western wheatgrass, Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) Á. LöveInvasive plantcompetitionPascopyron smithiiFestuca idahoensisPoa secundagreenhousenative speciesreseedingrestoration
Type
Notes and Commentary
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 159 - 165
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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