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⁹ The original regulations are reprinted in Owen, R., The New Existence of Man Upon the Earth (London, 1854), V, pp. ix–xi.Google Scholar

¹⁰ Id., “A New View of Society”, in A New View of Society and Other Writings, ed. by Butt, J. (London, 1977). pp. 63–90, 36.Google Scholar

¹¹ Id., “Further Development of the Plan for the Relief of the Poor and the Emancipation of Mankind”, ibid., pp. 228–31.

¹² Id., “Address Delivered at the City of London Tavern on Thursday, August 21, 1817”, ibid., p. 218. Bellers is identified with this general scheme at p. 213. Owen reprinted his Proposals for Establishing a Colledge of Industry (1696) the following year. See p. 16 of the original edition for Bellers's comments on supervision at age 60.

¹³ The Age of Civilization, 11 04 1818, p. 80Google Scholar; Owen, R., “An Address to the Inhabitants of New Lanark”, in A New View of Society and Other Writings, op. cit., p. 118; The Mirror of Truth, 1 10 1817, p. 8; 7 11, p. 59.Google Scholar

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¹⁵ “Mr. Owen's Discourse on a New System of Society”, loc. cit., p. 31. See the New Harmony Gazette, 25 April 1827, p. 234. A general history of government at New Harmony is given ibid., 28 March, pp. 206–07. See also Bestor, A. E., Backwoods Utopias: The Sectarian and Owenite Phases of Communitarian Socialism in America, 1663–1829 (Philadelphia, 1950), pp. 160–202.Google Scholar

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¹⁷ Ibid., 28 March, p. 206.

¹⁸ Ibid., 23 August 1826, p. 383: 10 January 1827, p. 113; London Co-operative Magazine, 1 March 1830, p. 37. For a bitterly critcal reflection upon Owen's goverment at New Harmony, see P.Brown, Twelve Months in New Harmony (Cincinnati, 1827).

¹⁹ Proceedings of the Third Co-operative Congress (London. 1832), pp. 53–54.Google Scholar

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²³ Rules and Regulations of the Equitable Labour Exchange (London, 1832), pp. 4–6; Proceedings of the Third Co-operative Congress, p. 47.

²⁴ Pioneer. 7 June 1834, p. 393.

²⁵ Crisis, , 19 04 1834, pp. 12–13: Pioneer. 26 April, pp. 317–19: A. Somerville. Autobiography of a Working Man (London, 1967), p. 286.Google Scholar

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²⁸ Robert Owen's Reply to the Question, “What you Do If You Were Prine Minister?” (London, 1832), pp. 12, 3. Owen had also run for Parliament twice in 1819–20.Google Scholar See Podmore, , Robert Owen, op.cit., p. 264, for details.Google Scholar

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⁴⁸ Owen, R., The Marriage System of the New Moral World (Leeds, 1838), pp. 25–27.Google Scholar For a general discussion of Owen's view of marriage, see Saville, J., “Robert Owen on the Family and Marriage System of the Old Immoral World”, in: Rebels and Their Causes, ed. by Cornforth, M. (London, 1978), pp. 107–21Google Scholar. An extremely comprehensive treatment can be found in Taylor, B., “The Feminist Theory and Practice of the Owenite Socialist Movement in Britain, 1820-1845” (Ph.D. thesis, Sussex University, 1980).Google Scholar

⁴⁹ New Moral World, 27 December 1834, p. 67. This text is from lectures given by Owen in 1834, which were reprinted, substantially unchanged, as The Marriage System of the New Moral World, op. cit.

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⁵⁴ Owen, R., The Catechism of the New Moral World, 2nd ed. (Leeds, 1838), p. 7.Google Scholar An earlier treatment of this theme is in Claeys, G. and Kerr, P., “Mechanical Political Economy”, in: Cambridge Journal of Economics, V (1981). pp. 268–71.Google Scholar

⁵⁵ New Moral World. 26 September 1835. p. 382. For further treament of the productive/unproductive distinction and its implications, see my “The Role of ‘Unproductive Labour’ in the Development of early British Socialist Theory: Form Godwin to 1850”, in After Adam Smith: Essays on the Development of Political Economy in the early Ninteenth Century, ed. by Hont, I. (Cambridge, forthcoming).Google Scholar

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⁵⁸ Permanent Relief, p. 4; New Harmony Gazette. 7 02 1827, p. 146; 21 02, p. 161. The last cited work, entitled The Social System, was written about 1821, though it did not appear in print until 1826Google Scholar. See ibid., 22 November 1826, p. 63.

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