Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:37:04.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Relationship between dual task walking, cognition, and depression in oldest old people

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2015

Juliana Hotta Ansai ,
Thais Rabiatti Aurichio  and
José Rubens Rebelatto
Juliana Hotta Ansai*
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
Thais Rabiatti Aurichio
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
José Rubens Rebelatto
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Juliana Ansai, BSc, Physiotherapy Department, Washington Luiz highway, 235 km, São Carlos, São Paulo, postal code 13565-905, Brazil. Phone: +551633518704. Email: [email protected].
Get access

Abstract

Background:

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between dual task walking, cognition, and depression in oldest old people living in the community.

Methods:

We conducted an observational cross-sectional study at Federal University of São Carlos (Brazil). We assessed 67 community-dwelling older adults aged 80 years and over, who were able to walk alone and did not present with a risk of dementia (assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE). The assessment consisted of anamnesis, dual task using the Timed Up and Go test associated with a motor task (TUGT-motor) and a cognitive task (TUGT-cognitive); cognitive measures using MMSE, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Clock Drawing test (CDT) and verbal fluency, and depressive measures by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).

Results:

There was a correlation with higher magnitude between cognitive tests and TUGT-cognitive, compared to TUGT-motor. For TUGT-motor, the highest correlations with cognitive tests were found between time and MMSE, MoCA (total score), and MoCA visuospatial/executive domain. For TUGT-cognitive, the highest correlations with cognitive tests were between number of steps and MMSE and between time and MMSE. GDS showed a significant weak correlation with number of steps taken in TUGT-motor, wrong words, and correct/time of TUGT-cognitive.

Conclusions:

Dual task performances are associated with cognition in oldest old. Furthermore, dual task tests have less influence of educational level, are functional, fast, and easily applicable in clinical practice. Future studies are needed to confirm if dual task test is useful for cognitive screening in oldest old.

Keywords

aged 80 years and overanalysis of task performancemental processesgait
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , January 2016 , pp. 31 - 38
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amboni, M., Barone, P. and Hausdorff, J. M. (2013). Cognitive contributions to gait and falls: evidence and implications. Movement Disorders, 28, 1520–1533. doi: 10.1002/mds.25674.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barbosa, J. M. M., Prates, B. S. S., Gonçalves, C. F., Aquino, A. R. and Parentoni, A. N. (2008). Efeito da realização simultânea de tarefas cognitivas e motoras no desempenho funcional de idosos da comunidade. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, 15, 374–379. doi: 10.1590/S1809-29502008000400010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beurskens, R. and Bock, O. (2012). Age-related deficits of dual-task walking: a review. Neural Plasticity, 2012, 9. doi: 10.1155/2012/131608.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, C., Rowse, J., Ciol, M. and Shumway-Cook, A. (2003). The effect of cognitive demand on timed up and go performance in older adults with and without Parkinson disease. Neurology Report, 27, 2–7.Google Scholar
Castelo, M. S. et al. (2010). Validity of the Brazilian version of the geriatric depression scale (GDS) among primary care patients. International Psychogeriatrics, 22, 109–113. doi: 10.1017/S1041610209991219.Google Scholar
Chiu, A. Y., Au-Yeung, S. S. and Lo, S. K. (2003). A comparison of four functional tests in discriminating fallers from non-fallers in older people. Disability and Rehabilitation, 25, 45–50. doi: 10.1080/dre.25.1.45.50.Google Scholar
Doi, T. et al. (2014). Cognitive function and gait speed under normal and dual-task walking among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. BMC Neurology, 14, 67 doi: 10.1186/1471-2377-14-67.Google Scholar
Donoghe, O. A., O’hare, C., King-Kallimanis, B. and Kenny, R. A. (2014). Antidepressants are independently associated with gait deficits in single and dual task conditions. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23, 189–199. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.04.005.Google Scholar
Hausdorff, J. M., Schweiger, A., Herman, T., Yogev-Seligmann, G. and Giladi, N. (2008). Dual task decrements in gait among healthy older adults: contributing factors. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63, 1335–1343.Google Scholar
Herrera, E., Caramelli, P., Silveira, A. S. B. and Nitrini, R. (2002). Epidemiologic survey of dementia in a community-dwelling Brazilian population. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 16, 103–108. doi: 10.1097/01.WAD.0000020202.50697.df.Google Scholar
Hofheinz, M. and Schusterschitz, C. (2010). Dual task interference in estimating the risk of falls and measuring change: a comparative, psychometric study of four measurements. Clinical Rehabilitation, 24, 831–842. doi: 10.1177/0269215510367993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lonie, J. A. et al. (2009). Dual task performance in early Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment and depression. Psychological Medicine, 39 (1), 23–31. doi: 10.1017/S0033291708003346.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lopez, O. L. et al. (2003). Prevalence and classification of mild cognitive impairment in the cardiovascular health study cognition study: part 1. Archives of Neurology, 60, 1385–1389. doi: 10.1001/archneur.60.10.1385.Google Scholar
Lu, J. et al. (2011). Montreal cognitive assessment in detecting cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly individuals: a population-based study. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Neurology, 24, 184–190. doi: 10.1177/0891988711422528.Google Scholar
Machado, T. H. et al. (2009). Normative data for healthy elderly on the phonemic verbal fluency task – FAS. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 3, 55–60.Google Scholar
Memória, C. M., Yassuda, M. S., Nakano, E. Y. and Forlenza, O. V. (2013). Brief screening for mild cognitive impairment: validation of the Brazilian version of the Montreal cognitive assessment. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28, 34–40. doi: 10.1002/gps.3787.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montero-Odasso, M., Verghese, J., Beauchet, O. and Hausdorff, J. M. (2012). Gait and cognition: a complementary approach to understanding brain function and the risk of falling. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60, 2127–2136. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04209.x.Google Scholar
Nebes, R. D. et al. (2001). Dual-task performance in depressed geriatric patients. Psychiatry Research, 102, 139–151. doi:10.1016/S0165-1781(01)00244-X.Google Scholar
Nelson, K. M., Reiber, G. and Boylo, E. J. (2002). Diet and exercise among adults with type 2 diabetes: findings from the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III). Diabetes Care, 25, 1722–1728. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.10.1722.Google Scholar
Ricciardi, R. (2005). Sedentarism: a concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 40, 79–87, 2005. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6198.2005.00021.x.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Richard, E. et al. (2013). Late-life depression, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. JAMA Neurology, 70, 383–389. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.603.Google Scholar
Schillerstrom, J. E., Royall, D. R. and Palmer, R. F. (2008). Depression, disability and intermediate pathways: a review of longitudinal studies in elders. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 21, 183–197. doi: 10.1177/0891988708320971.Google Scholar
Shumway-Cook, A., Brauer, S. and Woollacott, M. (2000). Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the timed up & go test. Physical Therapy, 80, 896–903.Google Scholar
Sunderland, T. et al. (1989). Clock drawing in Alzheimer's disease: a novel measure of dementia severity. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 37, 725–729.Google Scholar
Venema, D. M., Bartels, E. and Siu, K. (2013). Tasks matter: a cross-sectional study of the relationship of cognition and dual-task performance in older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 36, 115–122. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0b013e31827bc36f.Google Scholar
Verghese, J., Lipton, R. B., Hall, C. B., Kuslansky, G., Katz, M. J. and Buschke, H. (2002). Abnormality of gait as a predictor of non-Alzheimer's dementia. The New England Journal of Medicine, 347, 1761–1768. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa020441.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (2011). Global Health and Aging. National Institutes of Health publication no. 11–7737. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/global_health.pdf.Google Scholar
Zhao, K. X. et al. (2012). Age and risk for depression among the elderly: a meta-analysis of the published literature. CNS Spectrums, 17, 142–154. doi: 10.1017/S1092852912000533.Google Scholar